aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/gnu/system/image.scm
blob: 5fc0d55d9a1438df882f4e1403952d07a000154f (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
;;; Copyright © 2020, 2021, 2022 Mathieu Othacehe <othacehe@gnu.org>
;;; Copyright © 2020 Jan (janneke) Nieuwenhuizen <janneke@gnu.org>
;;; Copyright © 2022 Pavel Shlyak <p.shlyak@pantherx.org>
;;; Copyright © 2022 Denis 'GNUtoo' Carikli <GNUtoo@cyberdimension.org>
;;; Copyright © 2022 Alex Griffin <a@ajgrf.com>
;;;
;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
;;; your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with GNU Guix.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

(define-module (gnu system image)
  #:use-module (guix diagnostics)
  #:use-module (guix discovery)
  #:use-module (guix gexp)
  #:use-module (guix modules)
  #:use-module (guix monads)
  #:use-module (guix records)
  #:use-module (guix store)
  #:use-module (guix ui)
  #:use-module (guix utils)
  #:use-module ((guix self) #:select (make-config.scm))
  #:use-module (gnu bootloader)
  #:use-module (gnu bootloader grub)
  #:use-module (gnu compression)
  #:use-module (gnu image)
  #:use-module (guix platform)
  #:use-module (gnu services)
  #:use-module (gnu services base)
  #:use-module (gnu system)
  #:use-module (gnu system accounts)
  #:use-module (gnu system file-systems)
  #:use-module (gnu system linux-container)
  #:use-module (gnu system uuid)
  #:use-module (gnu system vm)
  #:use-module (guix packages)
  #:use-module (gnu packages base)
  #:use-module (gnu packages bash)
  #:use-module (gnu packages bootloaders)
  #:use-module (gnu packages cdrom)
  #:use-module (gnu packages compression)
  #:use-module (gnu packages disk)
  #:use-module (gnu packages gawk)
  #:use-module (gnu packages genimage)
  #:use-module (gnu packages guile)
  #:autoload   (gnu packages gnupg) (guile-gcrypt)
  #:use-module (gnu packages hurd)
  #:use-module (gnu packages linux)
  #:use-module (gnu packages mtools)
  #:use-module (gnu packages virtualization)
  #:use-module ((srfi srfi-1) #:prefix srfi-1:)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-11)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-34)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-35)
  #:use-module (rnrs bytevectors)
  #:use-module (ice-9 format)
  #:use-module (ice-9 match)
  #:export (root-offset
            root-label
            image-without-os

            esp-partition
            esp32-partition
            root-partition

            efi-disk-image
            iso9660-image
            docker-image
            tarball-image
            wsl2-image
            raw-with-offset-disk-image

            image-with-os
            efi-raw-image-type
            efi32-raw-image-type
            qcow2-image-type
            iso-image-type
            uncompressed-iso-image-type
            docker-image-type
            tarball-image-type
            wsl2-image-type
            raw-with-offset-image-type

            image-with-label
            system-image

            %image-types
            lookup-image-type-by-name))


;;;
;;; Images definitions.
;;;

;; This is the offset before the first partition. GRUB will install itself in
;; this post-MBR gap.
(define root-offset (* 512 2048))

;; Generic root partition label.
(define root-label "Guix_image")

(define-syntax-rule (image-without-os . fields)
    "Return an image record with the mandatory operating-system field set to
#false.  This is useful when creating an image record that will serve as a
parent image record."
   (image (operating-system #false) . fields))

(define esp-partition
  (partition
   (size (* 40 (expt 2 20)))
   (offset root-offset)
   (label "GNU-ESP") ;cosmetic only
   ;; Use "vfat" here since this property is used when mounting.  The actual
   ;; FAT-ness is based on file system size (16 in this case).
   (file-system "vfat")
   (flags '(esp))
   (initializer (gexp initialize-efi-partition))))

(define esp32-partition
  (partition
   (inherit esp-partition)
   (initializer (gexp initialize-efi32-partition))))

(define root-partition
  (partition
   (size 'guess)
   (label root-label)
   (file-system "ext4")
   (flags '(boot))
   (initializer (gexp initialize-root-partition))))

(define efi-disk-image
  (image-without-os
   (format 'disk-image)
   (partitions (list esp-partition root-partition))))

(define efi32-disk-image
  (image-without-os
   (format 'disk-image)
   (partitions (list esp32-partition root-partition))))

(define iso9660-image
  (image-without-os
   (format 'iso9660)
   (partitions
    (list (partition
           (size 'guess)
           (label "GUIX_IMAGE")
           (flags '(boot)))))))

(define docker-image
  (image-without-os
   (format 'docker)))

(define tarball-image
  (image-without-os
   (format 'tarball)))

(define wsl2-image
  (image-without-os
   (format 'wsl2)))

(define* (raw-with-offset-disk-image #:optional (offset root-offset))
  (image-without-os
   (format 'disk-image)
   (partitions
    (list (partition
           (inherit root-partition)
           (offset offset))))
   ;; FIXME: Deleting and creating "/var/run" and "/tmp" on the overlayfs
   ;; fails.
   (volatile-root? #f)))


;;;
;;; Images types.
;;;

(define-syntax-rule (image-with-os base-image os)
  "Return an image inheriting from BASE-IMAGE, with the operating-system field
set to the given OS."
  (image
   (inherit base-image)
   (operating-system os)))

(define efi-raw-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'efi-raw)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os efi-disk-image <>))))

(define efi32-raw-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'efi32-raw)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os efi32-disk-image <>))))

(define qcow2-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'qcow2)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os
                 (image
                  (inherit efi-disk-image)
                  (name 'image.qcow2)
                  (format 'compressed-qcow2))
                 <>))))

(define iso-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'iso9660)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os iso9660-image <>))))

(define uncompressed-iso-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'uncompressed-iso9660)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os
                 (image
                  (inherit iso9660-image)
                  (compression? #f))
                 <>))))

(define docker-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'docker)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os docker-image <>))))

(define tarball-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'tarball)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os tarball-image <>))))

(define wsl2-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'wsl2)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os wsl2-image <>))))

(define raw-with-offset-image-type
  (image-type
   (name 'raw-with-offset)
   (constructor (cut image-with-os (raw-with-offset-disk-image) <>))))


;;
;; Helpers.
;;

(define not-config?
  ;; Select (guix …) and (gnu …) modules, except (guix config).
  (match-lambda
    (('guix 'config) #f)
    (('guix rest ...) #t)
    (('gnu rest ...) #t)
    (rest #f)))

(define (partition->gexp partition)
  "Turn PARTITION, a <partition> object, into a list-valued gexp suitable for
'make-partition-image'."
  #~'(#$@(list (partition-size partition))
      #$(partition-file-system partition)
      #$(partition-file-system-options partition)
      #$(partition-label partition)
      #$(and=> (partition-uuid partition)
               uuid-bytevector)
      #$(partition-flags partition)))

(define gcrypt-sqlite3&co
  ;; Guile-Gcrypt, Guile-SQLite3, and their propagated inputs.
  (srfi-1:append-map
   (lambda (package)
     (cons package
           (match (package-transitive-propagated-inputs package)
             (((labels packages) ...)
              packages))))
   (list guile-gcrypt guile-sqlite3)))

(define-syntax-rule (with-imported-modules* gexp* ...)
  (with-extensions gcrypt-sqlite3&co
    (with-imported-modules `(,@(source-module-closure
                                '((gnu build image)
                                  (gnu build bootloader)
                                  (gnu build hurd-boot)
                                  (gnu build linux-boot)
                                  (guix store database))
                                #:select? not-config?)
                             ((guix config) => ,(make-config.scm)))
      #~(begin
          (use-modules (gnu build image)
                       (gnu build bootloader)
                       (gnu build hurd-boot)
                       (gnu build linux-boot)
                       (guix store database)
                       (guix build utils))
          gexp* ...))))

(define (root-partition? partition)
  "Return true if PARTITION is the root partition, false otherwise."
  (member 'boot (partition-flags partition)))

(define (find-root-partition image)
  "Return the root partition of the given IMAGE."
  (or (srfi-1:find root-partition? (image-partitions image))
      (raise (formatted-message
              (G_ "image lacks a partition with the 'boot' flag")))))

(define (root-partition-index image)
  "Return the index of the root partition of the given IMAGE."
  (1+ (srfi-1:list-index root-partition? (image-partitions image))))


;;
;; Disk image.
;;

(define* (system-disk-image image
                            #:key
                            (name "disk-image")
                            bootcfg
                            bootloader
                            register-closures?
                            (inputs '()))
  "Return as a file-like object, the disk-image described by IMAGE.  Said
image can be copied on a USB stick as is.  BOOTLOADER is the bootloader that
will be installed and configured according to BOOTCFG parameter.

Raw images of the IMAGE partitions are first created.  Then, genimage is used
to assemble the partition images into a disk-image without resorting to a
virtual machine.

INPUTS is a list of inputs (as for packages).  When REGISTER-CLOSURES? is
true, register INPUTS in the store database of the image so that Guix can be
used in the image."

  (define genimage-name "image")

  (define (image->genimage-cfg image)
    ;; Return as a file-like object, the genimage configuration file
    ;; describing the given IMAGE.
    (define (format->image-type format)
      ;; Return the genimage format corresponding to FORMAT.  For now, only
      ;; the hdimage format (raw disk-image) is supported.
      (cond
       ((memq format '(disk-image compressed-qcow2)) "hdimage")
       (else
        (raise (condition
                (&message
                 (message
                  (format #f (G_ "unsupported image type: ~a")
                          format))))))))

    (define (partition->dos-type partition)
      ;; Return the MBR partition type corresponding to the given PARTITION.
      ;; See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_type.
      (let ((flags (partition-flags partition))
            (file-system (partition-file-system partition)))
        (cond
         ((member 'esp flags) "0xEF")
         ((string-prefix? "ext" file-system) "0x83")
         ((or (string=? file-system "vfat")
              (string=? file-system "fat16")) "0x0E")
         ((string=? file-system "fat32") "0x0C")
         (else
          (raise (condition
                  (&message
                   (message
                    (format #f (G_ "unsupported partition type: ~a")
                            file-system)))))))))

    (define (partition->gpt-type partition)
      ;; Return the genimage GPT partition type code corresponding to the
      ;; given PARTITION.  See:
      ;; https://github.com/pengutronix/genimage/blob/master/README.rst
      (let ((flags (partition-flags partition))
            (file-system (partition-file-system partition)))
        (cond
         ((member 'esp flags) "U")
         ((string-prefix? "ext" file-system) "L")
         ((or (string=? file-system "vfat")
              (string=? file-system "fat16")
              (string=? file-system "fat32")) "F")
         (else
          (raise (condition
                  (&message
                   (message
                    (format #f (G_ "unsupported partition type: ~a")
                            file-system)))))))))

    (define (partition-image partition)
      ;; Return as a file-like object, an image of the given PARTITION.  A
      ;; directory, filled by calling the PARTITION initializer procedure, is
      ;; first created within the store.  Then, an image of this directory is
      ;; created using tools such as 'mke2fs' or 'mkdosfs', depending on the
      ;; partition file-system type.
      (let* ((os (image-operating-system image))
             (schema (local-file (search-path %load-path
                                              "guix/store/schema.sql")))
             (graph (match inputs
                      (((names . _) ...)
                       names)))
             (type (partition-file-system partition))
             (image-builder
              (with-imported-modules*
               (let ((initializer (or #$(partition-initializer partition)
                                      initialize-root-partition))
                     (inputs '#+(list e2fsprogs fakeroot dosfstools mtools))
                     (image-root "tmp-root"))
                 (sql-schema #$schema)

                 (set-path-environment-variable "PATH" '("bin" "sbin") inputs)

                 ;; Allow non-ASCII file names--e.g., 'nss-certs'--to be
                 ;; decoded.
                 (setenv "GUIX_LOCPATH"
                         #+(file-append glibc-utf8-locales "/lib/locale"))
                 (setlocale LC_ALL "en_US.utf8")

                 (initializer image-root
                              #:references-graphs '#$graph
                              #:deduplicate? #f
                              #:copy-closures? (not
                                                #$(image-shared-store? image))
                              #:system-directory #$os
                              #:grub-efi #+grub-efi
                              #:grub-efi32 #+grub-efi32
                              #:bootloader-package
                              #+(bootloader-package bootloader)
                              #:bootloader-installer
                              #+(bootloader-installer bootloader)
                              #:bootcfg #$bootcfg
                              #:bootcfg-location
                              #$(bootloader-configuration-file bootloader))
                 (make-partition-image #$(partition->gexp partition)
                                       #$output
                                       image-root)))))
        (computed-file "partition.img" image-builder
                       ;; Allow offloading so that this I/O-intensive process
                       ;; doesn't run on the build farm's head node.
                       #:local-build? #f
                       #:options `(#:references-graphs ,inputs))))

    (define (gpt-image? image)
      (eq? 'gpt (image-partition-table-type image)))

    (define (partition-type-values image partition)
      (if (gpt-image? image)
          (values "partition-type-uuid" (partition->gpt-type partition))
          (values "partition-type" (partition->dos-type partition))))

    (define (partition->config image partition)
      ;; Return the genimage partition configuration for PARTITION.
      (let-values (((partition-type-attribute partition-type-value)
                    (partition-type-values image partition)))
        (let ((label (partition-label partition))
              (image (partition-image partition))
              (offset (partition-offset partition))
              (bootable (if (memq 'boot (partition-flags partition))
                            "true" "false" )))
          #~(format #f "~/partition ~a {
  ~/~/~a = ~a
  ~/~/image = \"~a\"
  ~/~/offset = \"~a\"
  ~/~/bootable = \"~a\"
  ~/}"
                    #$label
                    #$partition-type-attribute
                    #$partition-type-value
                    #$image
                    #$offset
                    #$bootable))))

    (define (genimage-type-options image-type image)
      (cond
       ((equal? image-type "hdimage")
        (format #f "~%~/~/partition-table-type = \"~a\"~%~/"
                (image-partition-table-type image)))
       (else "")))

    (let* ((format (image-format image))
           (image-type (format->image-type format))
           (image-type-options (genimage-type-options image-type image))
           (partitions (image-partitions image))
           (partitions-config (map (cut partition->config image <>) partitions))
           (builder
            #~(begin
                (let ((format (@ (ice-9 format) format)))
                  (call-with-output-file #$output
                    (lambda (port)
                      (format port
                              "\
image ~a {
~/~a {~a}
~{~a~^~%~}
}~%" #$genimage-name #$image-type #$image-type-options
 (list #$@partitions-config))))))))
      (computed-file "genimage.cfg" builder)))

  (let* ((image-name (image-name image))
         (name (if image-name
                   (symbol->string image-name)
                   name))
         (format (image-format image))
         (substitutable? (image-substitutable? image))
         (builder
          (with-imported-modules*
           (let ((inputs '#+(list genimage coreutils findutils qemu-minimal))
                 (bootloader-installer
                  #+(bootloader-disk-image-installer bootloader))
                 (out-image (string-append "images/" #$genimage-name)))
             (set-path-environment-variable "PATH" '("bin" "sbin") inputs)
             (genimage #$(image->genimage-cfg image))
             ;; Install the bootloader directly on the disk-image.
             (when bootloader-installer
               (bootloader-installer
                #+(bootloader-package bootloader)
                #$(root-partition-index image)
                out-image))
             (convert-disk-image out-image '#$format #$output)))))
    (computed-file name builder
                   #:local-build? #f              ;too I/O-intensive
                   #:options `(#:substitutable? ,substitutable?))))


;;
;; ISO9660 image.
;;

(define (has-guix-service-type? os)
  "Return true if OS contains a service of the type GUIX-SERVICE-TYPE."
  (not (not (srfi-1:find (lambda (service)
                           (eq? (service-kind service) guix-service-type))
                         (operating-system-services os)))))

(define* (system-iso9660-image image
                               #:key
                               (name "image.iso")
                               bootcfg
                               bootloader
                               register-closures?
                               (inputs '())
                               (grub-mkrescue-environment '()))
  "Return as a file-like object a bootable, stand-alone iso9660 image.

INPUTS is a list of inputs (as for packages).  When REGISTER-CLOSURES? is
true, register INPUTS in the store database of the image so that Guix can be
used in the image. "
  (define root-label
    (match (image-partitions image)
      ((partition)
       (partition-label partition))))

  (define root-uuid
    (match (image-partitions image)
      ((partition)
       (uuid-bytevector (partition-uuid partition)))))

  (let* ((os (image-operating-system image))
         (bootloader (bootloader-package bootloader))
         (compression? (image-compression? image))
         (substitutable? (image-substitutable? image))
         (schema (local-file (search-path %load-path
                                          "guix/store/schema.sql")))
         (graph (match inputs
                  (((names . _) ...)
                   names)))
         (builder
          (with-imported-modules*
           (let* ((inputs '#$(list parted e2fsprogs dosfstools xorriso
                                   sed grep coreutils findutils gawk))
                  (image-root "tmp-root"))
             (sql-schema #$schema)

             ;; Allow non-ASCII file names--e.g., 'nss-certs'--to be decoded.
             (setenv "GUIX_LOCPATH"
                     #+(file-append glibc-utf8-locales "/lib/locale"))

             (setlocale LC_ALL "en_US.utf8")

             (set-path-environment-variable "PATH" '("bin" "sbin") inputs)

             (initialize-root-partition image-root
                                        #:references-graphs '#$graph
                                        #:deduplicate? #f
                                        #:system-directory #$os)
             (make-iso9660-image #$xorriso
                                 '#$grub-mkrescue-environment
                                 #$bootloader
                                 #$bootcfg
                                 #$os
                                 image-root
                                 #$output
                                 #:references-graphs '#$graph
                                 #:register-closures? #$register-closures?
                                 #:compression? #$compression?
                                 #:volume-id #$root-label
                                 #:volume-uuid #$root-uuid)))))
    (computed-file name builder
                   ;; Allow offloading so that this I/O-intensive process
                   ;; doesn't run on the build farm's head node.
                   #:local-build? #f
                   #:options `(#:references-graphs ,inputs
                               #:substitutable? ,substitutable?))))

(define (image-with-label base-image label)
  "The volume ID of an ISO is the label of the first partition.  This procedure
returns an image record where the first partition's label is set to <label>."
  (image
    (inherit base-image)
    (partitions
      (match (image-partitions base-image)
        ((boot others ...)
         (cons
           (partition
             (inherit boot)
             (label label))
           others))))))


;;
;; Docker image.
;;

(define* (system-docker-image image
                              #:key
                              (name "docker-image"))
  "Build a docker image for IMAGE.  NAME is the base name to use for the
output file."
  (define boot-program
    ;; Program that runs the boot script of OS, which in turn starts shepherd.
    (program-file "boot-program"
                  #~(let ((system (cadr (command-line))))
                      (setenv "GUIX_NEW_SYSTEM" system)
                      (execl #$(file-append guile-3.0 "/bin/guile")
                             "guile" "--no-auto-compile"
                             (string-append system "/boot")))))

  (define shared-network?
    (image-shared-network? image))

  (let* ((os (operating-system-with-gc-roots
              (containerized-operating-system
               (image-operating-system image) '()
               #:shared-network?
               shared-network?)
              (list boot-program)))
         (substitutable? (image-substitutable? image))
         (register-closures? (has-guix-service-type? os))
         (schema (and register-closures?
                      (local-file (search-path %load-path
                                               "guix/store/schema.sql"))))
         (name (string-append name ".tar.gz"))
         (graph "system-graph"))
    (define builder
      (with-extensions (cons guile-json-3         ;for (guix docker)
                             gcrypt-sqlite3&co)   ;for (guix store database)
        (with-imported-modules `(,@(source-module-closure
                                    '((guix docker)
                                      (guix store database)
                                      (guix build utils)
                                      (guix build store-copy)
                                      (gnu build image))
                                    #:select? not-config?)
                                 ((guix config) => ,(make-config.scm)))
          #~(begin
              (use-modules (guix docker)
                           (guix build utils)
                           (gnu build image)
                           (srfi srfi-19)
                           (guix build store-copy)
                           (guix store database))

              ;; Set the SQL schema location.
              (sql-schema #$schema)

              ;; Allow non-ASCII file names--e.g., 'nss-certs'--to be decoded.
              (setenv "GUIX_LOCPATH"
                      #+(file-append glibc-utf8-locales "/lib/locale"))
              (setlocale LC_ALL "en_US.utf8")

              (set-path-environment-variable "PATH" '("bin" "sbin") '(#+tar))

              (let ((image-root (string-append (getcwd) "/tmp-root")))
                (mkdir-p image-root)
                (initialize-root-partition image-root
                                           #:references-graphs '(#$graph)
                                           #:copy-closures? #f
                                           #:register-closures? #$register-closures?
                                           #:deduplicate? #f
                                           #:system-directory #$os)
                (build-docker-image
                 #$output
                 (cons* image-root
                        (map store-info-item
                             (call-with-input-file #$graph
                               read-reference-graph)))
                 #$os
                 #:entry-point '(#$boot-program #$os)
                 #:compressor '(#+(file-append gzip "/bin/gzip") "-9n")
                 #:creation-time (make-time time-utc 0 1)
                 #:transformations `((,image-root -> ""))))))))

    (computed-file name builder
                   ;; Allow offloading so that this I/O-intensive process
                   ;; doesn't run on the build farm's head node.
                   #:local-build? #f
                   #:options `(#:references-graphs ((,graph ,os))
                               #:substitutable? ,substitutable?))))


;;;
;;; Tarball image.
;;;

;; TODO: Some bits can be factorized with (guix scripts pack).
(define* (system-tarball-image image
                               #:key
                               (name "image")
                               (compressor (srfi-1:first %compressors))
                               (wsl? #f))
  "Build a tarball of IMAGE.  NAME is the base name to use for the
output file."
  (let* ((os (image-operating-system image))
         (substitutable? (image-substitutable? image))
         (schema (local-file (search-path %load-path
                                          "guix/store/schema.sql")))
         (name (string-append name ".tar" (compressor-extension compressor)))
         (graph "system-graph")
         (root (srfi-1:find (lambda (user)
                              (and=> (user-account-uid user) zero?))
                            (operating-system-users os)))
         (root-shell (or (and=> root user-account-shell)
                         (file-append bash "/bin/bash"))))
    (define builder
      (with-extensions gcrypt-sqlite3&co          ;for (guix store database)
        (with-imported-modules `(,@(source-module-closure
                                    '((guix build pack)
                                      (guix build store-copy)
                                      (guix build utils)
                                      (guix store database)
                                      (gnu build image))
                                    #:select? not-config?)
                                 ((guix config) => ,(make-config.scm)))
          #~(begin
              (use-modules (guix build pack)
                           (guix build store-copy)
                           (guix build utils)
                           (guix store database)
                           (gnu build image))

              ;; Set the SQL schema location.
              (sql-schema #$schema)

              ;; Allow non-ASCII file names--e.g., 'nss-certs'--to be decoded.
              (setenv "GUIX_LOCPATH"
                      #+(file-append glibc-utf8-locales "/lib/locale"))
              (setlocale LC_ALL "en_US.utf8")

              (let ((image-root (string-append (getcwd) "/tmp-root"))
                    (tar #+(file-append tar "/bin/tar")))

                (mkdir-p image-root)
                (initialize-root-partition image-root
                                           #:references-graphs '(#$graph)
                                           #:deduplicate? #f
                                           #:system-directory #$os)

                (with-directory-excursion image-root
                  #$@(if wsl?
                         #~(;; WSL requires /bin/sh.  Will be overwritten by
                            ;; system activation.
                            (symlink #$root-shell "./bin/sh")

                            ;; WSL requires /bin/mount to access the host fs.
                            (symlink #$(file-append util-linux "/bin/mount")
                                     "./bin/mount"))
                         #~())

                  (apply invoke tar "-cvf" #$output "."
                         (tar-base-options
                          #:tar tar
                          #:compressor
                          #+(and=> compressor compressor-command)))))))))

    (computed-file name builder
                   ;; Allow offloading so that this I/O-intensive process
                   ;; doesn't run on the build farm's head node.
                   #:local-build? #f
                   #:options `(#:references-graphs ((,graph ,os))
                               #:substitutable? ,substitutable?))))


;;
;; Image creation.
;;

(define (image->root-file-system image)
  "Return the IMAGE root partition file-system type."
  (case (image-format image)
    ((iso9660) "iso9660")
    ((docker tarball wsl2) "dummy")
    (else
     (partition-file-system (find-root-partition image)))))

(define (root-size image)
  "Return the root partition size of IMAGE."
  (let* ((image-size (image-size image))
         (root-partition (find-root-partition image))
         (root-size (partition-size root-partition)))
    (cond
     ((and (eq? root-size 'guess) image-size)
      image-size)
     (else root-size))))

(define* (image-with-os* base-image os)
  "Return an image based on BASE-IMAGE but with the operating-system field set
to OS.  Also set the UUID and the size of the root partition."
  (define root-file-system
    (srfi-1:find
     (lambda (fs)
       (string=? (file-system-mount-point fs) "/"))
     (operating-system-file-systems os)))

  (image
   (inherit base-image)
   (operating-system os)
   (partitions
    (map (lambda (p)
           (if (root-partition? p)
               (partition
                (inherit p)
                (uuid (file-system-device root-file-system))
                (size (root-size base-image)))
               p))
         (image-partitions base-image)))))

(define (operating-system-for-image image)
  "Return an operating-system based on the one specified in IMAGE, but
suitable for image creation.  Assign an UUID to the root file-system, so that
it can be used for bootloading."
  (define volatile-root? (if (eq? (image-format image) 'iso9660)
                             #t
                             (image-volatile-root? image)))

  (define (root-uuid os)
    ;; UUID of the root file system, computed in a deterministic fashion.
    ;; This is what we use to locate the root file system so it has to be
    ;; different from the user's own file system UUIDs.
    (let ((type (if (eq? (image-format image) 'iso9660)
                    'iso9660
                    'dce)))
      (operating-system-uuid os type)))

  (let* ((root-file-system-type (image->root-file-system image))
         (base-os (image-operating-system image))
         (file-systems-to-keep
          (srfi-1:remove
           (lambda (fs)
             (let ((mount-point (file-system-mount-point fs)))
               (or (string=? mount-point "/")
                   (string=? mount-point "/boot/efi"))))
           (operating-system-file-systems base-os)))
         (format (image-format image))
         (os
          (operating-system
            (inherit base-os)
            (initrd (lambda (file-systems . rest)
                      (apply (operating-system-initrd base-os)
                             file-systems
                             #:volatile-root? volatile-root?
                             rest)))
            (bootloader (if (eq? format 'iso9660)
                            (bootloader-configuration
                             (inherit
                              (operating-system-bootloader base-os))
                             (bootloader grub-mkrescue-bootloader))
                            (operating-system-bootloader base-os)))
            (file-systems (cons (file-system
                                  (mount-point "/")
                                  (device "/dev/placeholder")
                                  (type root-file-system-type))
                                file-systems-to-keep))))
         (uuid (root-uuid os)))
    (operating-system
      (inherit os)
      (file-systems (cons (file-system
                            (mount-point "/")
                            (device uuid)
                            (type root-file-system-type))
                          file-systems-to-keep)))))

(define* (system-image image)
  "Return the derivation of IMAGE.  It can be a raw disk-image or an ISO9660
image, depending on IMAGE format."
  (define platform (image-platform image))

  ;; The image platform definition may provide the appropriate "system"
  ;; architecture for the image.  If we are already running on this system,
  ;; the image can be built natively.  If we are running on a different
  ;; system, then we need to cross-compile, using the "target" provided by the
  ;; image definition.
  (define system (and=> platform platform-system))
  (define target (cond
                  ;; No defined platform, let's use the user defined
                  ;; system/target parameters.
                  ((not platform)
                   (%current-target-system))
                  ;; The current system is the same as the platform system, no
                  ;; need to cross-compile.
                  ((and system
                        (string=? system (%current-system)))
                   #f)
                  ;; If there is a user defined target let's override the
                  ;; platform target. Otherwise, we can cross-compile to the
                  ;; platform target.
                  (else
                   (or (%current-target-system)
                       (and=> platform platform-target)))))

  (with-parameters ((%current-target-system target))
    (let* ((os (operating-system-for-image image))
           (image* (image-with-os* image os))
           (image-format (image-format image))
           (register-closures? (has-guix-service-type? os))
           (bootcfg (operating-system-bootcfg os))
           (bootloader (bootloader-configuration-bootloader
                        (operating-system-bootloader os))))
      (cond
       ((memq image-format '(disk-image compressed-qcow2))
         (system-disk-image image*
                            #:bootcfg bootcfg
                            #:bootloader bootloader
                            #:register-closures? register-closures?
                            #:inputs `(("system" ,os)
                                       ("bootcfg" ,bootcfg))))
       ((memq image-format '(docker))
        (system-docker-image image*))
       ((memq image-format '(tarball))
        (system-tarball-image image*))
       ((memq image-format '(wsl2))
        (system-tarball-image image* #:wsl? #t))
       ((memq image-format '(iso9660))
         (system-iso9660-image
          image*
          #:bootcfg bootcfg
          #:bootloader bootloader
          #:register-closures? register-closures?
          #:inputs `(("system" ,os)
                     ("bootcfg" ,bootcfg))
          ;; Make sure to use a mode that does no imply
          ;; HFS+ tree creation that may fail with:
          ;;
          ;; "libisofs: FAILURE : Too much files to mangle,
          ;; cannot guarantee unique file names"
          ;;
          ;; This happens if some limits are exceeded, see:
          ;; https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/2020-06/msg00048.html
          #:grub-mkrescue-environment
          '(("MKRESCUE_SED_MODE" . "mbr_only"))))
       (else
        (raise (formatted-message
                (G_ "~a: unsupported image format") image-format)))))))


;;
;; Image detection.
;;

(define (image-modules)
  "Return the list of image modules."
  (cons (resolve-interface '(gnu system image))
        (all-modules (map (lambda (entry)
                            `(,entry . "gnu/system/images/"))
                          %load-path)
                     #:warn warn-about-load-error)))

(define %image-types
  ;; The list of publically-known image types.
  (delay (fold-module-public-variables (lambda (obj result)
                                         (if (image-type? obj)
                                             (cons obj result)
                                             result))
                                       '()
                                       (image-modules))))

(define (lookup-image-type-by-name name)
  "Return the image type called NAME."
  (or (srfi-1:find (lambda (image-type)
                     (eq? name (image-type-name image-type)))
                   (force %image-types))
      (raise
       (formatted-message (G_ "~a: no such image type") name))))

;;; image.scm ends here