path: root/requests/adapters.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
requests.adapters
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

This module contains the transport adapters that Requests uses to define
and maintain connections.
"""

import socket

from .models import Response
from .packages.urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager, ProxyManager
from .packages.urllib3.response import HTTPResponse
from .compat import urlparse, basestring, urldefrag, unquote
from .utils import (DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH, get_encoding_from_headers,
                    prepend_scheme_if_needed, get_auth_from_url)
from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import MaxRetryError
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import TimeoutError
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import SSLError as _SSLError
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as _HTTPError
from .cookies import extract_cookies_to_jar
from .exceptions import ConnectionError, Timeout, SSLError
from .auth import _basic_auth_str

DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK = False
DEFAULT_POOLSIZE = 10
DEFAULT_RETRIES = 0


class BaseAdapter(object):
    """The Base Transport Adapter"""

    def __init__(self):
        super(BaseAdapter, self).__init__()

    def send(self):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def close(self):
        raise NotImplementedError


class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
    """The built-in HTTP Adapter for urllib3.

    Provides a general-case interface for Requests sessions to contact HTTP and
    HTTPS urls by implementing the Transport Adapter interface. This class will
    usually be created by the :class:`Session <Session>` class under the
    covers.

    :param pool_connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache.
    :param pool_maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool.
    :param max_retries: The maximum number of retries each connection should attempt.
    :param pool_block: Whether the connection pool should block for connections.

    Usage::

      >>> import requests
      >>> s = requests.Session()
      >>> a = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter()
      >>> s.mount('http://', a)
    """
    __attrs__ = ['max_retries', 'config', '_pool_connections', '_pool_maxsize',
                 '_pool_block']

    def __init__(self, pool_connections=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE,
                 pool_maxsize=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE, max_retries=DEFAULT_RETRIES,
                 pool_block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK):
        self.max_retries = max_retries
        self.config = {}

        super(HTTPAdapter, self).__init__()

        self._pool_connections = pool_connections
        self._pool_maxsize = pool_maxsize
        self._pool_block = pool_block

        self.init_poolmanager(pool_connections, pool_maxsize, block=pool_block)

    def __getstate__(self):
        return dict((attr, getattr(self, attr, None)) for attr in
                    self.__attrs__)

    def __setstate__(self, state):
        for attr, value in state.items():
            setattr(self, attr, value)

        self.init_poolmanager(self._pool_connections, self._pool_maxsize,
                              block=self._pool_block)

    def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK):
        """Initializes a urllib3 PoolManager. This method should not be called
        from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.

        :param connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache.
        :param maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool.
        :param block: Block when no free connections are available.
        """
        # save these values for pickling
        self._pool_connections = connections
        self._pool_maxsize = maxsize
        self._pool_block = block

        self.poolmanager = PoolManager(num_pools=connections, maxsize=maxsize,
                                       block=block)

    def cert_verify(self, conn, url, verify, cert):
        """Verify a SSL certificate. This method should not be called from user
        code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.

        :param conn: The urllib3 connection object associated with the cert.
        :param url: The requested URL.
        :param verify: Whether we should actually verify the certificate.
        :param cert: The SSL certificate to verify.
        """
        if url.startswith('https') and verify:

            cert_loc = None

            # Allow self-specified cert location.
            if verify is not True:
                cert_loc = verify

            if not cert_loc:
                cert_loc = DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH

            if not cert_loc:
                raise Exception("Could not find a suitable SSL CA certificate bundle.")

            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_REQUIRED'
            conn.ca_certs = cert_loc
        else:
            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_NONE'
            conn.ca_certs = None

        if cert:
            if not isinstance(cert, basestring):
                conn.cert_file = cert[0]
                conn.key_file = cert[1]
            else:
                conn.cert_file = cert

    def build_response(self, req, resp):
        """Builds a :class:`Response <requests.Response>` object from a urllib3
        response. This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed
        for use when subclassing the
        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`

        :param req: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` used to generate the response.
        :param resp: The urllib3 response object.
        """
        response = Response()

        # Fallback to None if there's no status_code, for whatever reason.
        response.status_code = getattr(resp, 'status', None)

        # Make headers case-insensitive.
        response.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(getattr(resp, 'headers', {}))

        # Set encoding.
        response.encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(response.headers)
        response.raw = resp
        response.reason = response.raw.reason

        if isinstance(req.url, bytes):
            response.url = req.url.decode('utf-8')
        else:
            response.url = req.url

        # Add new cookies from the server.
        extract_cookies_to_jar(response.cookies, req, resp)

        # Give the Response some context.
        response.request = req
        response.connection = self

        return response

    def get_connection(self, url, proxies=None):
        """Returns a urllib3 connection for the given URL. This should not be
        called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
        :class:`HTTPAdapter <reqeusts.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.

        :param url: The URL to connect to.
        :param proxies: (optional) A Requests-style dictionary of proxies used on this request.
        """
        proxies = proxies or {}
        proxy = proxies.get(urlparse(url).scheme)

        if proxy:
            proxy = prepend_scheme_if_needed(proxy, urlparse(url).scheme)
            conn = ProxyManager(self.poolmanager.connection_from_url(proxy))
        else:
            conn = self.poolmanager.connection_from_url(url)

        return conn

    def close(self):
        """Disposes of any internal state.

        Currently, this just closes the PoolManager, which closes pooled
        connections.
        """
        self.poolmanager.clear()

    def request_url(self, request, proxies):
        """Obtain the url to use when making the final request.

        If the message is being sent through a proxy, the full URL has to be
        used. Otherwise, we should only use the path portion of the URL.

        This shoudl not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
        when subclassing the
        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.

        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
        :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes to proxy URLs.
        """
        proxies = proxies or {}
        proxy = proxies.get(urlparse(request.url).scheme)

        if proxy:
            url, _ = urldefrag(request.url)
        else:
            url = request.path_url

        return url

    def add_headers(self, request, **kwargs):
        """Add any headers needed by the connection. Currently this adds a
        Proxy-Authorization header.

        This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
        when subclassing the
        :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.

        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` to add headers to.
        :param kwargs: The keyword arguments from the call to send().
        """
        proxies = kwargs.get('proxies', {})

        if proxies is None:
            proxies = {}

        proxy = proxies.get(urlparse(request.url).scheme)
        username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy)

        if username and password:
            # Proxy auth usernames and passwords will be urlencoded, we need
            # to decode them.
            username = unquote(username)
            password = unquote(password)
            request.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username,
                                                                     password)

    def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None):
        """Sends PreparedRequest object. Returns Response object.

        :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
        :param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content.
        :param timeout: (optional) The timeout on the request.
        :param verify: (optional) Whether to verify SSL certificates.
        :param vert: (optional) Any user-provided SSL certificate to be trusted.
        :param proxies: (optional) The proxies dictionary to apply to the request.
        """

        conn = self.get_connection(request.url, proxies)

        self.cert_verify(conn, request.url, verify, cert)
        url = self.request_url(request, proxies)
        self.add_headers(request, proxies=proxies)

        chunked = not (request.body is None or 'Content-Length' in request.headers)

        try:
            if not chunked:
                resp = conn.urlopen(
                    method=request.method,
                    url=url,
                    body=request.body,
                    headers=request.headers,
                    redirect=False,
                    assert_same_host=False,
                    preload_content=False,
                    decode_content=False,
                    retries=self.max_retries,
                    timeout=timeout
                )

            # Send the request.
            else:
                if hasattr(conn, 'proxy_pool'):
                    conn = conn.proxy_pool

                low_conn = conn._get_conn(timeout=timeout)
                low_conn.putrequest(request.method, url, skip_accept_encoding=True)

                for header, value in request.headers.items():
                    low_conn.putheader(header, value)

                low_conn.endheaders()

                for i in request.body:
                    low_conn.send(hex(len(i))[2:].encode('utf-8'))
                    low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
                    low_conn.send(i)
                    low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
                low_conn.send(b'0\r\n\r\n')

                r = low_conn.getresponse()
                resp = HTTPResponse.from_httplib(r,
                    pool=conn,
                    connection=low_conn,
                    preload_content=False,
                    decode_content=False
                )

        except socket.error as sockerr:
            raise ConnectionError(sockerr)

        except MaxRetryError as e:
            raise ConnectionError(e)

        except (_SSLError, _HTTPError) as e:
            if isinstance(e, _SSLError):
                raise SSLError(e)
            elif isinstance(e, TimeoutError):
                raise Timeout(e)
            else:
                raise

        r = self.build_response(request, resp)

        if not stream:
            r.content

        return r