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Package paramiko :: Class SSHClient
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Class SSHClient

source code

object --+
         |
        SSHClient

A high-level representation of a session with an SSH server. This class wraps Transport, Channel, and SFTPClient to take care of most aspects of authenticating and opening channels. A typical use case is:

   client = SSHClient()
   client.load_system_host_keys()
   client.connect('ssh.example.com')
   stdin, stdout, stderr = client.exec_command('ls -l')

You may pass in explicit overrides for authentication and server host key checking. The default mechanism is to try to use local key files or an SSH agent (if one is running).

Since: 1.6

Instance Methods
 
__init__(self)
Create a new SSHClient.		 source code
 
close(self)
Close this SSHClient and its underlying Transport.		 source code
 
connect(self, hostname, port=22, username=None, password=None, pkey=None, key_filename=None, timeout=None, allow_agent=True, look_for_keys=True, compress=False)
Connect to an SSH server and authenticate to it.		 source code
tuple(ChannelFile, ChannelFile, ChannelFile)
exec_command(self, command, bufsize=-1)
Execute a command on the SSH server.		 source code
HostKeys
get_host_keys(self)
Get the local HostKeys object.		 source code
Transport
get_transport(self)
Return the underlying Transport object for this SSH connection.		 source code
Channel
invoke_shell(self, term='vt100', width=80, height=24)
Start an interactive shell session on the SSH server.		 source code
 
load_host_keys(self, filename)
Load host keys from a local host-key file.		 source code
 
load_system_host_keys(self, filename=None)
Load host keys from a system (read-only) file.		 source code
SFTPClient
open_sftp(self)
Open an SFTP session on the SSH server.		 source code
 
save_host_keys(self, filename)
Save the host keys back to a file.		 source code
 
set_log_channel(self, name)
Set the channel for logging.		 source code
 
set_missing_host_key_policy(self, policy)
Set the policy to use when connecting to a server that doesn't have a host key in either the system or local HostKeys objects.		 source code

Inherited from object: __delattr__, __format__, __getattribute__, __hash__, __new__, __reduce__, __reduce_ex__, __repr__, __setattr__, __sizeof__, __str__, __subclasshook__

Properties

Inherited from object: __class__

Method Details

__init__(self)
(Constructor)

source code 

Create a new SSHClient.

Overrides: object.__init__

connect(self, hostname, port=22, username=None, password=None, pkey=None, key_filename=None, timeout=None, allow_agent=True, look_for_keys=True, compress=False)

source code 

Connect to an SSH server and authenticate to it. The server's host key is checked against the system host keys (see load_system_host_keys) and any local host keys (load_host_keys). If the server's hostname is not found in either set of host keys, the missing host key policy is used (see set_missing_host_key_policy). The default policy is to reject the key and raise an SSHException.

Authentication is attempted in the following order of priority:

  • The pkey or key_filename passed in (if any)
  • Any key we can find through an SSH agent
  • Any "id_rsa" or "id_dsa" key discoverable in ~/.ssh/
  • Plain username/password auth, if a password was given

If a private key requires a password to unlock it, and a password is passed in, that password will be used to attempt to unlock the key.

Parameters:
  • hostname (str) - the server to connect to
  • port (int) - the server port to connect to
  • username (str) - the username to authenticate as (defaults to the current local username)
  • password (str) - a password to use for authentication or for unlocking a private key
  • pkey (PKey) - an optional private key to use for authentication
  • key_filename (str or list(str)) - the filename, or list of filenames, of optional private key(s) to try for authentication
  • timeout (float) - an optional timeout (in seconds) for the TCP connect
  • allow_agent (bool) - set to False to disable connecting to the SSH agent
  • look_for_keys (bool) - set to False to disable searching for discoverable private key files in ~/.ssh/
  • compress (bool) - set to True to turn on compression
Raises:

exec_command(self, command, bufsize=-1)

source code 

Execute a command on the SSH server. A new Channel is opened and the requested command is executed. The command's input and output streams are returned as python file-like objects representing stdin, stdout, and stderr.

Parameters:
  • command (str) - the command to execute
  • bufsize (int) - interpreted the same way as by the built-in file() function in python
Returns: tuple(ChannelFile, ChannelFile, ChannelFile)
the stdin, stdout, and stderr of the executing command
Raises:

get_host_keys(self)

source code 

Get the local HostKeys object. This can be used to examine the local host keys or change them.

Returns: HostKeys
the local host keys

get_transport(self)

source code 

Return the underlying Transport object for this SSH connection. This can be used to perform lower-level tasks, like opening specific kinds of channels.

Returns: Transport
the Transport for this connection

invoke_shell(self, term='vt100', width=80, height=24)

source code 

Start an interactive shell session on the SSH server. A new Channel is opened and connected to a pseudo-terminal using the requested terminal type and size.

Parameters:
  • term (str) - the terminal type to emulate (for example, "vt100")
  • width (int) - the width (in characters) of the terminal window
  • height (int) - the height (in characters) of the terminal window
Returns: Channel
a new channel connected to the remote shell
Raises:

load_host_keys(self, filename)

source code 

Load host keys from a local host-key file. Host keys read with this method will be checked after keys loaded via load_system_host_keys, but will be saved back by save_host_keys (so they can be modified). The missing host key policy AutoAddPolicy adds keys to this set and saves them, when connecting to a previously-unknown server.

This method can be called multiple times. Each new set of host keys will be merged with the existing set (new replacing old if there are conflicts). When automatically saving, the last hostname is used.

Parameters:
  • filename (str) - the filename to read
Raises:
  • IOError - if the filename could not be read

load_system_host_keys(self, filename=None)

source code 

Load host keys from a system (read-only) file. Host keys read with this method will not be saved back by save_host_keys.

This method can be called multiple times. Each new set of host keys will be merged with the existing set (new replacing old if there are conflicts).

If filename is left as None, an attempt will be made to read keys from the user's local "known hosts" file, as used by OpenSSH, and no exception will be raised if the file can't be read. This is probably only useful on posix.

Parameters:
  • filename (str) - the filename to read, or None
Raises:
  • IOError - if a filename was provided and the file could not be read

open_sftp(self)

source code 

Open an SFTP session on the SSH server.

Returns: SFTPClient
a new SFTP session object

save_host_keys(self, filename)

source code 

Save the host keys back to a file. Only the host keys loaded with load_host_keys (plus any added directly) will be saved -- not any host keys loaded with load_system_host_keys.

Parameters:
  • filename (str) - the filename to save to
Raises:
  • IOError - if the file could not be written

set_log_channel(self, name)

source code 

Set the channel for logging. The default is "paramiko.transport" but it can be set to anything you want.

Parameters:
  • name (str) - new channel name for logging

set_missing_host_key_policy(self, policy)

source code 

Set the policy to use when connecting to a server that doesn't have a host key in either the system or local HostKeys objects. The default policy is to reject all unknown servers (using RejectPolicy). You may substitute AutoAddPolicy or write your own policy class.

Parameters:
  • policy (MissingHostKeyPolicy) - the policy to use when receiving a host key from a previously-unknown server

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