# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR the authors of Guix (msgids) and the following authors (msgstr) # This file is distributed under the same license as the guix manual package. # Reynaldo Cordero , 2021. # Emilio Herrera , 2021. # Julien Lepiller , 2022. # Pablo Munoz Alabau , 2022. # Pedro Herrero , 2022. # Florian Pelz , 2024, 2025. # not-available not-available , 2025. # Javier Francisco , 2025. # "Fco. Javier F. Serrador" , 2025. # Weblate Translation Memory , 2025. # Jordán , 2025. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: guix manual checkout\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: bug-guix@gnu.org\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-08-22 03:18+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2025-08-31 17:33+0200\n" "Last-Translator: pelzflorian \n" "Language-Team: Spanish \n" "Language: es\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n" "X-Generator: Weblate 5.12.2\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:7 msgid "@documentencoding UTF-8" msgstr "" "@documentencoding UTF-8\n" "@documentlanguage es\n" "@frenchspacing on" #. type: top #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:7 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:44 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:58 #, no-wrap msgid "GNU Guix Cookbook" msgstr "Libro de recetas de GNU Guix" #. type: copying #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:29 msgid "Copyright @copyright{} 2019, 2022 Ricardo Wurmus@* Copyright @copyright{} 2019 Efraim Flashner@* Copyright @copyright{} 2019 Pierre Neidhardt@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Oleg Pykhalov@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Matthew Brooks@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Marcin Karpezo@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Brice Waegeneire@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 André Batista@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Christine Lemmer-Webber@* Copyright @copyright{} 2021 Joshua Branson@* Copyright @copyright{} 2022, 2023 Maxim Cournoyer@* Copyright @copyright{} 2023-2024 Ludovic Courtès@* Copyright @copyright{} 2023 Thomas Ieong@* Copyright @copyright{} 2024 Florian Pelz@* Copyright @copyright{} 2025 45mg@*" msgstr "Copyright @copyright{} 2019, 2022 Ricardo Wurmus@* Copyright @copyright{} 2019 Efraim Flashner@* Copyright @copyright{} 2019 Pierre Neidhardt@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Oleg Pykhalov@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Matthew Brooks@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Marcin Karpezo@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Brice Waegeneire@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 André Batista@* Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Christine Lemmer-Webber@* Copyright @copyright{} 2021 Joshua Branson@* Copyright @copyright{} 2022, 2023 Maxim Cournoyer@* Copyright @copyright{} 2023-2024 Ludovic Courtès@* Copyright @copyright{} 2023 Thomas Ieong@* Copyright @copyright{} 2024 Florian Pelz@* Copyright @copyright{} 2025 45mg@*" #. type: copying #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:36 msgid "Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''." msgstr "Se garantiza el permiso de copia, distribución y/o modificación de este documento bajo los términos de la licencia de documentación libre de GNU (GNU Free Documentation License), versión 1.3 o cualquier versión posterior publicada por la Free Software Foundation; sin secciones invariantes, sin textos de cubierta delantera ni trasera. Una copia de la licencia está incluida en la sección titulada ``GNU Free Documentation License''." #. type: dircategory #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:38 #, no-wrap msgid "System administration" msgstr "Administración del sistema" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:41 msgid "Guix cookbook: (guix-cookbook)" msgstr "Libro de recetas de Guix: (guix-cookbook.es)" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:41 msgid "Tutorials and examples for GNU Guix." msgstr "Tutoriales y ejemplos para GNU Guix." #. type: subtitle #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:45 #, no-wrap msgid "Tutorials and examples for using the GNU Guix Functional Package Manager" msgstr "Tutoriales y ejemplos para usar el Gestor funcional de paquetes de GNU Guix" #. type: author #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:46 #, no-wrap msgid "The GNU Guix Developers" msgstr "Los desarrolladores de GNU Guix" #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:57 #, no-wrap msgid "Top" msgstr "Top" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:64 msgid "This document presents tutorials and detailed examples for GNU@tie{}Guix, a functional package management tool written for the GNU system. Please @pxref{Top,,, guix, GNU Guix reference manual} for details about the system, its API, and related concepts." msgstr "Este documento presenta tutoriales y ejemplos detallados para GNU@tie{}Guix, una herramienta funcional de paquetes para el sistema GNU. Por favor @pxref{Top,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix} para detalles acerca del sistema, su API, y conceptos relacionados." #. You can replace the following paragraph with information on #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:82 msgid "This manual is also available in Simplified Chinese (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.zh_CN, GNU Guix 烹饪书}), French (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.fr, Livre de recettes de GNU Guix}), German (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.de, GNU-Guix-Kochbuch}), Korean (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.ko, GNU Guix 쿡북}), Spanish (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.es, Libro de recetas de GNU Guix}), Italian (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.it, Ricettario di GNU Guix}), Brazilian Portuguese (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.pt_BR, Livro de receitas do GNU Guix}), Russian (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.ru, GNU Guix Рецепты}), Slovak (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.sk, Receptár GNU Guix}), and Swedish (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.sv, Kokbok för GNU Guix}). If you would like to translate this document in your native language, consider joining @uref{https://translate.codeberg.org/projects/guix/documentation-cookbook, Weblate} (@pxref{Translating Guix,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "Este manual también está disponible en inglés (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook, GNU Guix Cookbook}), chino simplificado (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.zh_CN, GNU Guix 烹饪书}), francés (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.fr, Livre de recettes de GNU Guix}), alemán (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.de, GNU-Guix-Kochbuch}), coreano (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.ko, GNU Guix 쿡북}), italiano (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.it, Ricettario di GNU Guix}), portugués brasileño (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.pt_BR, Livro de receitas do GNU Guix}), ruso (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.ru, GNU Guix Рецепты}), eslovaco (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.sk, Receptár GNU Guix}) y sueco (@pxref{Top,,, guix-cookbook.sv, Kokbok för GNU Guix}). Si estás dispuesto a traducir este documento a tu lengua materna, considera unirte a @uref{https://translate.codeberg.org/projects/guix/documentation-cookbook, Weblate} (@pxref{Traduciendo Guix,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix})." #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:103 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:228 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:229 #, no-wrap msgid "Scheme tutorials" msgstr "Tutoriales de Scheme" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "Meet your new favorite language!" msgstr "¡Conoce a tu nuevo lenguaje favorito!" #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:107 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:521 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:522 #, no-wrap msgid "Packaging" msgstr "Empaquetado" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "Packaging tutorials" msgstr "Tutoriales de empaquetado" #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:145 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1980 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1981 #, no-wrap msgid "System Configuration" msgstr "Configuración del sistema" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "Customizing the GNU System" msgstr "Personalizar el sistema GNU" #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:170 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3705 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3706 #, no-wrap msgid "Containers" msgstr "Contenedores" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "Isolated environments and nested systems" msgstr "Entornos aislados y sistemas anidados" #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:180 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4108 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4109 #, no-wrap msgid "Virtual Machines" msgstr "Máquinas virtuales" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "Virtual machines usage and configuration" msgstr "Uso y configuración de máquinas virtuales" #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:187 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4475 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4476 #, no-wrap msgid "Advanced package management" msgstr "Gestión avanzada de paquetes" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "Power to the users!" msgstr "¡Poder para los usuarios!" #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:199 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4883 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4884 #, no-wrap msgid "Software Development" msgstr "Desarrollo de software" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "Environments, continuous integration, etc." msgstr "Entornos, integración continua, etc." #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:209 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5532 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5533 #, no-wrap msgid "Environment management" msgstr "Gestión del entorno" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "Control environment" msgstr "Control del entorno" #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:213 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5658 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5659 #, no-wrap msgid "Installing Guix on a Cluster" msgstr "Instalación de Guix en un clúster" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "High-performance computing." msgstr "Computación de alto rendimiento." #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:221 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6045 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6046 #, no-wrap msgid "Guix System Management" msgstr "Gestión del sistema Guix" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:94 msgid "System Management specifics." msgstr "Especificidades de la gestión del sistema." #. type: chapter #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:98 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6144 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6145 #, no-wrap msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Agradecimientos" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:98 msgid "Thanks!" msgstr "¡Gracias!" #. type: appendix #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:98 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6171 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6172 #, no-wrap msgid "GNU Free Documentation License" msgstr "Licencia de documentación libre GNU" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:98 msgid "The license of this document." msgstr "La licencia de este documento." #. type: unnumbered #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:98 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6177 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6178 #, no-wrap msgid "Concept Index" msgstr "Índice de conceptos" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:98 msgid "Concepts." msgstr "Conceptos." #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:101 msgid "--- The Detailed Node Listing ---" msgstr "--- La lista detallada de nodos ---" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:105 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:244 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:246 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:247 #, no-wrap msgid "A Scheme Crash Course" msgstr "Curso acelerado de Scheme" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:110 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:112 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:534 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:536 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:537 #, no-wrap msgid "Packaging Tutorial" msgstr "Tutorial de empaquetado" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:110 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:534 msgid "A tutorial on how to add packages to Guix." msgstr "Un tutorial sobre cómo añadir paquetes a Guix." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:110 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:135 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:534 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1614 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1615 #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "Packaging tutorials" msgid "Packaging Workflows" msgstr "Tutoriales de empaquetado" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:110 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:534 msgid "Real life examples on working with specific build systems." msgstr "" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:121 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:584 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:586 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:587 #, no-wrap msgid "A ``Hello World'' package" msgstr "Un paquete ``Hola Mundo''" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:121 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:123 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:584 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:777 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:778 #, no-wrap msgid "Setup" msgstr "Ajuste" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:121 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:584 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1017 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1018 #, no-wrap msgid "Extended example" msgstr "Ejemplo ampliado" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:121 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:584 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1431 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1432 #, no-wrap msgid "Other build systems" msgstr "Otros sistemas de construcción" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:121 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:129 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:584 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1449 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1450 #, no-wrap msgid "Programmable and automated package definition" msgstr "Definición de paquetes programable y automatizada" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:121 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:584 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1566 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1567 #, no-wrap msgid "Getting help" msgstr "Obtener ayuda" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:121 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:584 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1579 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1580 #, no-wrap msgid "Conclusion" msgstr "Conclusión" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:121 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:584 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1600 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1601 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4463 #, no-wrap msgid "References" msgstr "Referencias" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:127 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:795 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:797 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:798 #, no-wrap msgid "Local file" msgstr "Archivo local" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:127 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:795 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:817 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:818 #, no-wrap msgid "Channels" msgstr "Canales" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:127 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:795 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:931 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:932 #, no-wrap msgid "Direct checkout hacking" msgstr "Jaqueo directo de revisión de código" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:133 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1461 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1463 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1464 #, no-wrap msgid "Recursive importers" msgstr "Importadores recursivos" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:133 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1461 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1522 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1523 #, no-wrap msgid "Automatic update" msgstr "Actualizaciones automáticas" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:133 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1461 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1540 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1541 #, no-wrap msgid "Inheritance" msgstr "Herencia" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:137 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:139 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1623 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1625 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1626 #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "Packaging tutorials" msgid "Packaging Rust Crates" msgstr "Tutoriales de empaquetado" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:143 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1638 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1640 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1641 #, no-wrap msgid "Common Workflow for Rust Packaging" msgstr "" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:143 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1638 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1803 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1804 #, no-wrap msgid "Cargo Workspaces and Development Snapshots" msgstr "" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:143 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1638 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1910 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1911 #, no-wrap msgid "Using Rust Libraries in Other Build Systems" msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2006 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2007 #, no-wrap msgid "Auto-Login to a Specific TTY" msgstr "Inicio de sesión automático en un TTY específico" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Automatically Login a User to a Specific TTY" msgstr "Iniciar automáticamente la sesión de un usuario en un TTY específico" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2051 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2052 #, no-wrap msgid "Customizing the Kernel" msgstr "Personalización del kernel" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Creating and using a custom Linux kernel on Guix System." msgstr "Creación y uso de un núcleo Linux personalizado en el sistema Guix." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2276 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2277 #, no-wrap msgid "Guix System Image API" msgstr "API de imagen del sistema Guix" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Customizing images to target specific platforms." msgstr "Personalización de imágenes para dirigirlas a plataformas específicas." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2493 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2494 #, no-wrap msgid "Using security keys" msgstr "Utilización de claves de seguridad" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "How to use security keys with Guix System." msgstr "Cómo utilizar claves de seguridad con Guix System." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2615 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2616 #, no-wrap msgid "Dynamic DNS mcron job" msgstr "Tarea mcron de DNS dinámico" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Job to update the IP address behind a DuckDNS host name." msgstr "Tarea para actualizar la dirección IP detrás de un nombre de anfitrión DuckDNS." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2668 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2669 #, no-wrap msgid "Connecting to Wireguard VPN" msgstr "Conexión a Wireguard VPN" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Connecting to a Wireguard VPN." msgstr "Conexión a una VPN Wireguard." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:161 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2745 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2746 #, no-wrap msgid "Customizing a Window Manager" msgstr "Personalizar un gestor de ventanas" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Handle customization of a Window manager on Guix System." msgstr "Manejar la personalización de un gestor de ventanas en el sistema Guix." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2850 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2851 #, no-wrap msgid "Running Guix on a Linode Server" msgstr "Ejecución de Guix en un servidor Linode" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Running Guix on a Linode Server." msgstr "Ejecución de Guix en un servidor Linode." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3091 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3092 #, no-wrap msgid "Running Guix on a Kimsufi Server" msgstr "Ejecución de Guix en un servidor Kimsufi" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Running Guix on a Kimsufi Server." msgstr "Ejecución de Guix en un servidor Kimsufi." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3338 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3339 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting up a bind mount" msgstr "Instalar un montaje enlazado" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Setting up a bind mount in the file-systems definition." msgstr "Instalar un ‘bind mount’ dentro de definición de sistemas de archivos." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3392 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3393 #, no-wrap msgid "Getting substitutes from Tor" msgstr "Obtener sustituciones desde Tor" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Configuring Guix daemon to get substitutes through Tor." msgstr "Configurar el daemon Guix para obtener sustituciones desde Tor." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3456 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3457 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting up NGINX with Lua" msgstr "Instalar NGINX con Lua" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Configuring NGINX web-server to load Lua modules." msgstr "Configurar servidor de web NGINX para cargar módulos Lua." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3513 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3514 #, no-wrap msgid "Music Server with Bluetooth Audio" msgstr "Servidor de música con sonido Bluetooth" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:159 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2004 msgid "Headless music player with Bluetooth output." msgstr "Reproductor de música sin cabeceras con salida Bluetooth." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:164 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2752 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2754 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2755 #, no-wrap msgid "StumpWM" msgstr "StumpWM" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:164 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:166 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2752 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2802 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2803 #, no-wrap msgid "Session lock" msgstr "Bloqueo de sesión" #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:168 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2813 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2815 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2816 #, no-wrap msgid "Xorg" msgstr "Xorg" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:173 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3732 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3734 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3735 #, no-wrap msgid "Guix Containers" msgstr "Contenedores Guix" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:173 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3732 msgid "Perfectly isolated environments" msgstr "Entornos perfectamente aislados" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:173 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:175 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3732 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3883 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3884 #, no-wrap msgid "Guix System Containers" msgstr "Contenedores de Sistema Guix" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:173 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3732 msgid "A system inside your system" msgstr "Un sistema interno a su sistema" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:178 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3918 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3920 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3921 #, no-wrap msgid "A Database Container" msgstr "Un contenedor de base de datos" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:178 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3918 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4032 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4033 #, no-wrap msgid "Container Networking" msgstr "Red de Contenedor" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:185 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4123 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4125 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4126 #, no-wrap msgid "Network bridge for QEMU" msgstr "Puente de red para QEMU" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:185 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4123 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4248 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4249 #, no-wrap msgid "Routed network for libvirt" msgstr "Red enrutada para libvirt" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:185 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4123 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4347 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4348 #, no-wrap msgid "Custom NAT-based network for libvirt" msgstr "Red basada en NAT personal para libvirt" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:185 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4123 msgid "References: VM References" msgstr "Referencias: Referencias de MV" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:185 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4123 msgid "Further reading on virtual machines." msgstr "Más lecturas sobre máquinas virtuales." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:189 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:191 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4489 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4491 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4492 #, no-wrap msgid "Guix Profiles in Practice" msgstr "Perfiles Guix en práctica" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:189 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4489 msgid "Strategies for multiple profiles and manifests." msgstr "Estrategias para múltiples perfiles y declaraciones." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:197 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4583 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4585 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4586 #, no-wrap msgid "Basic setup with manifests" msgstr "Configuración base con declaraciones" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:197 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4583 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4721 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4722 #, no-wrap msgid "Required packages" msgstr "Paquetes requeridos" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:197 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4583 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4749 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4750 #, no-wrap msgid "Default profile" msgstr "Perfil por defecto" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:197 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4583 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4768 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4769 #, no-wrap msgid "The benefits of manifests" msgstr "Los beneficios de declaraciones" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:197 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4583 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4843 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4844 #, no-wrap msgid "Reproducible profiles" msgstr "Perfiles reproducibles" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4918 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4919 #, no-wrap msgid "Getting Started" msgstr "Empezando" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 msgid "Step 0: using `guix shell'." msgstr "Paso 0: utilizar `guix shell'." #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5038 #, no-wrap msgid "Building with Guix" msgstr "Compilar con Guix" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 msgid "Step 1: building your code." msgstr "Paso 1: compilar su código." #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5128 #, no-wrap msgid "The Repository as a Channel" msgstr "El repositorio como un canal" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 msgid "Step 2: turning the repo in a channel." msgstr "Paso 2: ajustar el repo en un canal." #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5264 #, no-wrap msgid "Package Variants" msgstr "Variantes de paquetes" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 msgid "Bonus: Defining variants." msgstr "Bono: definir variantes." #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5316 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting Up Continuous Integration" msgstr "Configurar Integración Continua" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 msgid "Step 3: continuous integration." msgstr "Paso 3: integración continua." #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5391 #, no-wrap msgid "Build Manifest" msgstr "Compilar manifiesto" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 msgid "Bonus: Manifest." msgstr "Bono: Manifiesto." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5484 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5485 #, no-wrap msgid "Wrapping Up" msgstr "Cobertura" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:207 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4916 msgid "Recap." msgstr "Resumen." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:211 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5540 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5542 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5543 #, no-wrap msgid "Guix environment via direnv" msgstr "Entorno Guix por direnv" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:211 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5540 msgid "Setup Guix environment with direnv" msgstr "Configurar entorno Guix con direnv" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5689 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5690 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting Up a Head Node" msgstr "Configurar un nodo de cabecera" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 msgid "The node that runs the daemon." msgstr "El nodo que ejecuta el daemon." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5797 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5798 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting Up Compute Nodes" msgstr "Configurar nodos de cálculo" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 msgid "Client nodes." msgstr "Nodos cliente." #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5886 #, no-wrap msgid "Cluster Network Access" msgstr "Acceso a red de racimo" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 msgid "Dealing with network access restrictions." msgstr "Tratando con restricciones de acceso a red." #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5972 #, no-wrap msgid "Cluster Disk Usage" msgstr "Empleo del disco en racimo" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 msgid "Disk usage considerations." msgstr "Consideraciones de uso del disco." #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6017 #, no-wrap msgid "Cluster Security Considerations" msgstr "Consideraciones de seguridad del racimo" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:219 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5687 msgid "Keeping the cluster secure." msgstr "Conservar el racimo seguro." #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:223 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6057 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6059 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6060 #, no-wrap msgid "Upgrade Postgres for Cuirass" msgstr "Modernizar Postgres para Cuirass" #. type: menuentry #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:223 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6057 msgid "Upgrading from the default postgres." msgstr "Modernizar desde el postgres predeterminado." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:235 msgid "GNU@tie{}Guix is written in the general purpose programming language Scheme, and many of its features can be accessed and manipulated programmatically. You can use Scheme to generate package definitions, to modify them, to build them, to deploy whole operating systems, etc." msgstr "GNU@tie{}Guix está escrito en el lenguaje de programación de propósito general Scheme, y muchas de sus características pueden ser accedidas y manipuladas mediante programación. Puede utilizar Scheme para generar definiciones de paquetes, para modificarlos, para construirlos, para desplegar sistemas operativos completos, etc." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:239 msgid "Knowing the basics of how to program in Scheme will unlock many of the advanced features Guix provides --- and you don't even need to be an experienced programmer to use them!" msgstr "Saber lo básico de cómo programar en Scheme desbloqueará muchas de las características avanzadas que Guix proporciona --- ¡y ni siquiera necesita ser un programador experimentado para usarlas!" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:241 msgid "Let's get started!" msgstr "¡Empecemos!" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:249 #, no-wrap msgid "Scheme, crash course" msgstr "Scheme, curso intensivo" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:255 msgid "Guix uses the Guile implementation of Scheme. To start playing with the language, install it with @code{guix install guile} and start a @dfn{REPL}---short for @uref{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read%E2%80%93eval%E2%80%93print_loop, @dfn{read-eval-print loop}}---by running @code{guile} from the command line." msgstr "Guix utiliza la implementación Guile de Scheme. Para empezar a jugar con el lenguaje, instálelo con @code{guix install guile} e inicie un @dfn{REPL}---abreviatura de @uref{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read%E2%80%93eval%E2%80%93print_loop, @dfn{read-eval-print loop}}---ejecutando @code{guile} desde la línea de comandos." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:258 msgid "Alternatively you can also run @code{guix shell guile -- guile} if you'd rather not have Guile installed in your user profile." msgstr "También puede ejecutar @code{guix shell guile -- guile} si prefiere no tener Guile instalado en su perfil de usuario." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:264 msgid "In the following examples, lines show what you would type at the REPL; lines starting with ``@result{}'' show evaluation results, while lines starting with ``@print{}'' show things that get printed. @xref{Using Guile Interactively,,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}, for more details on the REPL." msgstr "En los siguientes ejemplos, las líneas muestran lo que usted escribiría en la REPL; las líneas que comienzan con ``@result{}'' muestran los resultados de la evaluación, mientras que las líneas que comienzan con ``@print{}'' muestran las cosas que se mostren. Para más detalles sobre la REPL, @xref{Using Guile Interactively,,, guile, Manual de referencia de GNU Guile}." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:272 msgid "Scheme syntax boils down to a tree of expressions (or @emph{s-expression} in Lisp lingo). An expression can be a literal such as numbers and strings, or a compound which is a parenthesized list of compounds and literals. @code{#true} and @code{#false} (abbreviated @code{#t} and @code{#f}) stand for the Booleans ``true'' and ``false'', respectively." msgstr "La sintaxis de Scheme se reduce a un árbol de expresiones (o @emph{s-expression} en la jerga de Lisp). Una expresión puede ser un literal como números y cadenas, o un compuesto que es una lista entre paréntesis de compuestos y literales. @code{#true} y @code{#false} (abreviados @code{#t} y @code{#f}) representan los booleanos ``true'' y ``false'', respectivamente." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:274 msgid "Examples of valid expressions:" msgstr "Ejemplos de expresiones válidas:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:278 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\"Hello World!\"\n" "@result{} \"Hello World!\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" "\"¡Hola Mundo!\"\n" "@result{} \"¡Hola Mundo!\"\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:281 #, no-wrap msgid "" "17\n" "@result{} 17\n" "\n" msgstr "" "17\n" "@result{} 17\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:285 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(display (string-append \"Hello \" \"Guix\" \"\\n\"))\n" "@print{} Hello Guix!\n" "@result{} #\n" msgstr "" "(display (string-append \"Hola \" \"Guix\" \"\\n\"))\n" "@print{} ¡Hola Guix!\n" "@result{} #\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:292 msgid "This last example is a function call nested in another function call. When a parenthesized expression is evaluated, the first term is the function and the rest are the arguments passed to the function. Every function returns the last evaluated expression as its return value." msgstr "Este último ejemplo es una llamada a una función anidada en otra llamada a una función. Cuando se evalúa una expresión entre paréntesis, el primer término es la función y el resto son los argumentos pasados a la función. Cada función devuelve la última expresión evaluada como valor de retorno." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:296 msgid "Anonymous functions---@dfn{procedures} in Scheme parlance---are declared with the @code{lambda} term:" msgstr "Las funciones anónimas---@dfn{procedimientos} en habla de Scheme--- es declarado con el término @code{lambda}:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:300 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(lambda (x) (* x x))\n" "@result{} #:24:0 (x)>\n" msgstr "" "(lambda (x) (* x x))\n" "@result{} #:24:0 (x)>\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:305 msgid "The above procedure returns the square of its argument. Since everything is an expression, the @code{lambda} expression returns an anonymous procedure, which can in turn be applied to an argument:" msgstr "El procedimiento anterior devuelve el cuadrado de su argumento. Como todo es una expresión, la expresión @code{lambda} devuelve un procedimiento anónimo, que a su vez puede aplicarse a un argumento:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "((lambda (x) (* x x)) 3)\n" "@result{} 9\n" msgstr "" "((lambda (x) (* x x)) 3)\n" "@result{} 9\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:313 msgid "Procedures are regular values just like numbers, strings, Booleans, and so on." msgstr "Procedimientos son valores usuales tan solo como números, cadenas, booleanos, y así todo." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:316 msgid "Anything can be assigned a global name with @code{define}:" msgstr "Se puede asignar un nombre global a cualquier cosa con @code{define}:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:322 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define a 3)\n" "(define square (lambda (x) (* x x)))\n" "(square a)\n" "@result{} 9\n" msgstr "" "(define a 3)\n" "(define square (lambda (x) (* x x)))\n" "(square a)\n" "@result{} 9\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:326 msgid "Procedures can be defined more concisely with the following syntax:" msgstr "Los procedimientos pueden definirse de forma más concisa con la siguiente sintaxis:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:329 #, no-wrap msgid "(define (square x) (* x x))\n" msgstr "(define (square x) (* x x))\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:333 msgid "A list structure can be created with the @code{list} procedure:" msgstr "Se puede crear una estructura de lista con el procedimiento @code{list}:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:337 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(list 2 a 5 7)\n" "@result{} (2 3 5 7)\n" msgstr "" "(list 2 a 5 7)\n" "@result{} (2 3 5 7)\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:344 msgid "Standard procedures are provided by the @code{(srfi srfi-1)} module to create and process lists (@pxref{SRFI-1, list processing,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}). Here are some of the most useful ones in action:" msgstr "Se proporcionan procedimientos estándar por medio del módulo @code{(srfi srfi-1)} para crear y procesar listados (@pxref{SRFI-1, proceso de listado,, guile, Manual de referencia de GNU Guile}). Aquí están algunos de los más útiles en acción:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:347 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (srfi srfi-1)) ;import list processing procedures\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (srfi srfi-1)) ;importa listado procesando procedimientos\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:350 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(append (list 1 2) (list 3 4))\n" "@result{} (1 2 3 4)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(append (list 1 2) (list 3 4))\n" "@result{} (1 2 3 4)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:353 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(map (lambda (x) (* x x)) (list 1 2 3 4))\n" "@result{} (1 4 9 16)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(map (lambda (x) (* x x)) (list 1 2 3 4))\n" "@result{} (1 4 9 16)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:358 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(delete 3 (list 1 2 3 4)) @result{} (1 2 4)\n" "(filter odd? (list 1 2 3 4)) @result{} (1 3)\n" "(remove even? (list 1 2 3 4)) @result{} (1 3)\n" "(find number? (list \"a\" 42 \"b\")) @result{} 42\n" msgstr "" "(delete 3 (list 1 2 3 4)) @result{} (1 2 4)\n" "(filter odd? (list 1 2 3 4)) @result{} (1 3)\n" "(remove even? (list 1 2 3 4)) @result{} (1 3)\n" "(find number? (list \"a\" 42 \"b\")) @result{} 42\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:362 msgid "Notice how the first argument to @code{map}, @code{filter}, @code{remove}, and @code{find} is a procedure!" msgstr "Notifique como el primer argumento a @code{map}, @code{filter}, @code{remove}, y @code{find} es un procedimiento." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:364 #, no-wrap msgid "S-expression" msgstr "expresión-S" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:369 msgid "The @dfn{quote} disables evaluation of a parenthesized expression, also called an S-expression or ``s-exp'': the first term is not called over the other terms (@pxref{Expression Syntax, quote,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}). Thus it effectively returns a list of terms." msgstr "La comilla @dfn{quote} desactiva la evaluación de una expresión entre paréntesis: también invocado como expresión-S o ``s-exp'' (S-expression) en inglés: el primer término ahora es invocado sobre el otro términos (@pxref{Expression Syntax, quote,, guile, Manual de referencia GNU Guile}). Por tanto efectivamente devuelve una lista de términos." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:373 #, no-wrap msgid "" "'(display (string-append \"Hello \" \"Guix\" \"\\n\"))\n" "@result{} (display (string-append \"Hello \" \"Guix\" \"\\n\"))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "'(display (string-append \"Hola \" \"Guix\" \"\\n\"))\n" "@result{} (display (string-append \"Hola \" \"Guix\" \"\\n\"))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:376 #, no-wrap msgid "" "'(2 a 5 7)\n" "@result{} (2 a 5 7)\n" msgstr "" "'(2 a 5 7)\n" "@result{} (2 a 5 7)\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:383 msgid "The @code{quasiquote} (@code{`}, a backquote) disables evaluation of a parenthesized expression until @code{unquote} (@code{,}, a comma) re-enables it. Thus it provides us with fine-grained control over what is evaluated and what is not." msgstr "El @code{quasiquote} (@code{`}, una comilla hacia atrás) desactiva evaluación de una expresión entre paréntesis hasta retirar la comilla con @code{unquote} (una coma @code{,}) la vuelve a activar. Por lo tanto, nos proporciona un control fino sobre lo que se evalúa y lo que no." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "`(2 a 5 7 (2 ,a 5 ,(+ a 4)))\n" "@result{} (2 a 5 7 (2 3 5 7))\n" msgstr "" "`(2 a 5 7 (2 ,a 5 ,(+ a 4)))\n" "@result{} (2 a 5 7 (2 3 5 7))\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:391 msgid "Note that the above result is a list of mixed elements: numbers, symbols (here @code{a}) and the last element is a list itself." msgstr "Nótese que el resultado anterior es una lista de elementos mixtos: números, símbolos (aquí @code{a}) y el último elemento es una lista propiamente dicha." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:393 #, no-wrap msgid "G-expressions, syntax" msgstr "Expresiones-G, sintaxis" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:394 #, no-wrap msgid "gexps, syntax" msgstr "gexps, sintaxis" #. type: findex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:395 #, no-wrap msgid "#~" msgstr "#~" #. type: findex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:396 #, no-wrap msgid "#$" msgstr "#$" #. type: findex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:397 #, no-wrap msgid "gexp" msgstr "gexp" #. type: findex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:398 #, no-wrap msgid "ungexp" msgstr "ungexp" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:404 msgid "Guix defines a variant of S-expressions on steroids called @dfn{G-expressions} or ``gexps'', which come with a variant of @code{quasiquote} and @code{unquote}: @code{#~} (or @code{gexp}) and @code{#$} (or @code{ungexp}). They let you @emph{stage code for later execution}." msgstr "Guix define una variante de expresiones-S sobre esteroides llamdados @dfn{expresiones-G} o ``gexps'', la cual viene con una variante de @code{quasiquote} y @code{unquote}: @code{#~} (o @code{gexp}) y @code{#$} (o @code{ungexp}). Le permite @emph{representar código para ejecución posterior}." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:408 msgid "For example, you'll encounter gexps in some package definitions where they provide code to be executed during the package build process. They look like this:" msgstr "Por ejemplo, encontrará gexps en algunas definiciones de paquete donde proporcionen código a ser ejecutado durante el proceso de construcción del paquete. Parecido esto:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:412 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (guix gexp) ;so we can write gexps\n" " (gnu packages base)) ;for 'coreutils'\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (guix gexp) ;por tanto pudemos escribir gexps\n" " (gnu packages base)) ;para 'coreutils'\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:418 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; Below is a G-expression representing staged code.\n" "#~(begin\n" " ;; Invoke 'ls' from the package defined by the 'coreutils'\n" " ;; variable.\n" " (system* #$(file-append coreutils \"/bin/ls\") \"-l\")\n" "\n" msgstr "" ";; Debajo es una expresión-G representando código escenificado.\n" "#~(begin\n" " ;; Invoca 'ls' desde el paquete definido por la variable\n" " ;; 'coreutils'.\n" " (system* #$(file-append coreutils \"/bin/ls\") \"-l\")\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:421 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; Create this package's output directory.\n" " (mkdir #$output))\n" msgstr "" " ;; Crea esta directorio salida del paquete.\n" " (mkdir #$output))\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:425 msgid "@xref{G-Expressions,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for more on gexps." msgstr "@xref{Expresiones-G,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix}, para más en gexps." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:429 msgid "Multiple variables can be named locally with @code{let} (@pxref{Local Bindings,,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}):" msgstr "Pueden ser nombradas múltiples variables localmente con @code{let} (@pxref{Local Bindings,,, guile, Manual de referencia GNU Guile}):" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:436 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define x 10)\n" "(let ((x 2)\n" " (y 3))\n" " (list x y))\n" "@result{} (2 3)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define x 10)\n" "(let ((x 2)\n" " (y 3))\n" " (list x y))\n" "@result{} (2 3)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:439 #, no-wrap msgid "" "x\n" "@result{} 10\n" "\n" msgstr "" "x\n" "@result{} 10\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:442 #, no-wrap msgid "" "y\n" "@error{} In procedure module-lookup: Unbound variable: y\n" msgstr "" "y\n" "@error{} En el procedimiento module-lookup: Variable no vinculada: y\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:446 msgid "Use @code{let*} to allow later variable declarations to refer to earlier definitions." msgstr "Utilice @code{let*} para permitir que las declaraciones de variables posteriores hagan referencia a definiciones anteriores." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:452 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(let* ((x 2)\n" " (y (* x 3)))\n" " (list x y))\n" "@result{} (2 6)\n" msgstr "" "(let* ((x 2)\n" " (y (* x 3)))\n" " (list x y))\n" "@result{} (2 6)\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:459 msgid "@dfn{Keywords} are typically used to identify the named parameters of a procedure. They are prefixed by @code{#:} (hash, colon) followed by alphanumeric characters: @code{#:like-this}. @xref{Keywords,,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}." msgstr "@dfn{Palabras clave} son utilizados típicamente para identificar los parámetros nombrados de un procedimiento. Están prefijados por @code{#:} (hash, dos puntos) seguidos por caracteres alfanuméricos: @code{#:como-este}. @xref{Keywords,,, guile, Manual referencial de GNU Guile}." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:464 msgid "The percentage @code{%} is typically used for read-only global variables in the build stage. Note that it is merely a convention, like @code{_} in C. Scheme treats @code{%} exactly the same as any other letter." msgstr "El porcentaje @code{%} es utilizado típicamente para variables locales de solo lectura en es estado de construcción. Note que es meramente una convención, como @code{_} en C. Scheme trata @code{%} exactamente lo mismo que cualquier otra letra." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:468 msgid "Modules are created with @code{define-module} (@pxref{Creating Guile Modules,,, guile, GNU Guile Reference Manual}). For instance" msgstr "Los módulos son creados con @code{define-module} (@pxref{Creating Guile Modules,,, guile, Manual referencial de GNU Guile}). Por ejemplo" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:474 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-module (guix build-system ruby)\n" " #:use-module (guix store)\n" " #:export (ruby-build\n" " ruby-build-system))\n" msgstr "" "(define-module (guix build-system ruby)\n" " #:use-module (guix store)\n" " #:export (ruby-build\n" " ruby-build-system))\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:480 msgid "defines the module @code{guix build-system ruby} which must be located in @file{guix/build-system/ruby.scm} somewhere in the Guile load path. It depends on the @code{(guix store)} module and it exports two variables, @code{ruby-build} and @code{ruby-build-system}." msgstr "define el módulo @code{guix build-system ruby} el cual debe estar localizado en @file{guix/build-system/ruby.scm} donde sea en la ruta de carga Guile. Depende en el módulo @code{(guix store)} y exporta dos variables, @code{ruby-build} y @code{ruby-build-system}." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:483 msgid "@xref{Package Modules,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for info on modules that define packages." msgstr "@xref{Módulos de paquetes,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia GNU Guix}, para info en módulos que define paquetes." #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:485 #, no-wrap msgid "Going further" msgstr "Más allá" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:489 msgid "Scheme is a language that has been widely used to teach programming and you'll find plenty of material using it as a vehicle. Here's a selection of documents to learn more about Scheme:" msgstr "Scheme es un lenguaje que ha sido ampliamente utilizado para enseñar a programar y lo encontraría plenamente en material utilizándolo como un vehículo. Aquí está una selección de documentos para aprender más sobre Scheme:" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:494 msgid "@uref{https://spritely.institute/static/papers/scheme-primer.html, @i{A Scheme Primer}}, by Christine Lemmer-Webber and the Spritely Institute." msgstr "@uref{https://spritely.institute/static/papers/scheme-primer.html, @i{A Scheme Primer}}, por Christine Lemmer-Webber y el Instituto Spritely." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:498 msgid "@uref{http://www.troubleshooters.com/codecorn/scheme_guile/hello.htm, @i{Scheme at a Glance}}, by Steve Litt." msgstr "@uref{http://www.troubleshooters.com/codecorn/scheme_guile/hello.htm, @i{Scheme at a Glance}}, por Steve Litt." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:505 msgid "@uref{https://sarabander.github.io/sicp/, @i{Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs}}, by Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman, with Julie Sussman. Colloquially known as ``SICP'', this book is a reference." msgstr "@uref{https://sarabander.github.io/sicp/, @i{Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs}}, por Harold Abelson y Gerald Jay Sussman, con Julie Sussman. Coloquialmente conocido como ``SICP'', este libro es una referencia." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:507 msgid "You can also install it and read it from your computer:" msgstr "Además puede instalarlo desde su equipo:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:511 #, no-wrap msgid "" "guix install sicp info-reader\n" "info sicp\n" msgstr "" "guix install sicp info-reader\n" "info sicp\n" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:517 msgid "You'll find more books, tutorials and other resources at @url{https://schemers.org/}." msgstr "Encontrará más libros, tutoriales y otros recursos en @url{https://schemers.org/}." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:524 #, no-wrap msgid "packaging" msgstr "empaquetar" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:530 msgid "This chapter is dedicated to teaching you how to add packages to the collection of packages that come with GNU Guix. This involves writing package definitions in Guile Scheme, organizing them in package modules, and building them." msgstr "Este capítulo está dedicado para enseñanza de como añadir paquetes a la colección de paquetes que viene con GNU Guix. Esto involucra escrbir definiciones de paquete en Guile Scheme, organizándolos en módulos de paquete, y construyéndolos." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:545 msgid "GNU Guix stands out as the @emph{hackable} package manager, mostly because it uses @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/, GNU Guile}, a powerful high-level programming language, one of the @uref{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheme_%28programming_language%29, Scheme} dialects from the @uref{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisp_%28programming_language%29, Lisp family}." msgstr "GNU Guix destaca como el gestor de paquetes @emph{hakeable}, principalmente porque utiliza @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/, GNU Guile}, un potente lenguaje de programación de alto nivel, uno de los dialectos @uref{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheme_%28programming_language%29, Scheme} de la familia @uref{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisp_%28programming_language%29, Lisp}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:549 msgid "Package definitions are also written in Scheme, which empowers Guix in some very unique ways, unlike most other package managers that use shell scripts or simple languages." msgstr "Las definiciones de paquetes también se escriben en Scheme, lo cual dota a Guix de algunas capacidades muy únicas, a diferencia de otros gestores de empaquetado que utilizan guiones de intérpretes o lenguajes sencillos." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:554 msgid "Use functions, structures, macros and all of Scheme expressiveness for your package definitions." msgstr "Utilice funciones, estructuras, macros y toda la expresividad de Scheme para sus definiciones de paquetes." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:558 msgid "Inheritance makes it easy to customize a package by inheriting from it and modifying only what is needed." msgstr "La herencia facilita la personalización de un paquete heredando de él y modificando sólo lo que es necesario." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:568 msgid "Batch processing: the whole package collection can be parsed, filtered and processed. Building a headless server with all graphical interfaces stripped out? It's possible. Want to rebuild everything from source using specific compiler optimization flags? Pass the @code{#:make-flags \"...\"} argument to the list of packages. It wouldn't be a stretch to think @uref{https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/USE_flag, Gentoo USE flags} here, but this goes even further: the changes don't have to be thought out beforehand by the packager, they can be @emph{programmed} by the user!" msgstr "Procesamiento por lotes: se puede interpretar, filtrar y procesar toda la colección de paquetes. ¿Construir un servidor sin cabeza con todos los interfaces gráficos recortados? Es posible. ¿Quieres recompilar todo desde el código fuente utilizando indicadores de optimización específicos del compilador? Pase el argumento @code{#:make-flags \"...\"} a la lista de paquetes. No sería exagerado pensar @uref{https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/USE_flag, Gentoo USE indicadores} aquí, pero esto va más allá: los cambios no tienen que ser pensados de antemano por el empaquetador, ¡pueden ser @emph{programados} por el usuario!" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:574 msgid "The following tutorial covers all the basics around package creation with Guix. It does not assume much knowledge of the Guix system nor of the Lisp language. The reader is only expected to be familiar with the command line and to have some basic programming knowledge." msgstr "El siguiente tutorial cubre todo lo básico sobre la creación de paquetes con Guix. No asume mucho conocimiento del sistema Guix ni del lenguaje Lisp. Sólo se espera que el lector esté familiarizado con la línea de comandos y que tenga algunos conocimientos básicos de programación." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:592 msgid "The ``Defining Packages'' section of the manual introduces the basics of Guix packaging (@pxref{Defining Packages,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). In the following section, we will partly go over those basics again." msgstr "La sección ``Definición de paquetes'' del manual introduce los fundamentos del empaquetado Guix (@pxref{Definición de paquetes,,, guix.es, Manual referencial de GNU Guix}). En la siguiente sección, repasaremos parcialmente esos fundamentos de nuevo." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:598 msgid "GNU@tie{}Hello is a dummy project that serves as an idiomatic example for packaging. It uses the GNU build system (@code{./configure && make && make install}). Guix already provides a package definition which is a perfect example to start with. You can look up its declaration with @code{guix edit hello} from the command line. Let's see how it looks:" msgstr "GNU@tie{}Hello es un proyecto ficticio que sirve como ejemplo idiomático de empaquetado. Utiliza el sistema de construcción de GNU (@code{./configure && make && make install}). Guix ya proporciona una definición de paquete que es un ejemplo perfecto para empezar. Puedes buscar su declaración con @code{guix edit hello} desde la línea de comandos. Veamos cómo queda:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:619 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public hello\n" " (package\n" " (name \"hello\")\n" " (version \"2.10\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (string-append \"mirror://gnu/hello/hello-\" version\n" " \".tar.gz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"0ssi1wpaf7plaswqqjwigppsg5fyh99vdlb9kzl7c9lng89ndq1i\"))))\n" " (build-system gnu-build-system)\n" " (synopsis \"Hello, GNU world: An example GNU package\")\n" " (description\n" " \"GNU Hello prints the message \\\"Hello, world!\\\" and then exits. It\n" "serves as an example of standard GNU coding practices. As such, it supports\n" "command-line arguments, multiple languages, and so on.\")\n" " (home-page \"https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/\")\n" " (license gpl3+)))\n" msgstr "" "(define-public hello\n" " (package\n" " (name \"hello\")\n" " (version \"2.10\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (string-append \"mirror://gnu/hello/hello-\" version\n" " \".tar.gz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"0ssi1wpaf7plaswqqjwigppsg5fyh99vdlb9kzl7c9lng89ndq1i\"))))\n" " (build-system gnu-build-system)\n" " (synopsis \"Hola, mundo GNU: Un ejemplo de paquete GNU\")\n" " (description\n" " \"GNU Hello imprime el mensaje \\\"Hello, world!\\\" y después sale.\n" "Sirve como un ejemplo de prácticas de codificación GNU estándar. Por tanto, admite\n" "argumentos de línea comando, múltiples lenguajes, y más.\")\n" " (home-page \"https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/\")\n" " (license gpl3+)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:623 msgid "As you can see, most of it is rather straightforward. But let's review the fields together:" msgstr "Como puede ver, muchos de estos es bastante sencillo. Pero revisaremos los campos juntos:" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:625 #, no-wrap msgid "name" msgstr "name" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:628 msgid "The project name. Using Scheme conventions, we prefer to keep it lower case, without underscore and using dash-separated words." msgstr "El nombre del proyecto. Utilizando convenciones de Scheme, preferimos conservarlo en minúsculas, son puntuación y utilizando palabras con guion separado." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:629 #, no-wrap msgid "source" msgstr "source" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:632 msgid "This field contains a description of the source code origin. The @code{origin} record contains these fields:" msgstr "Este campo contiene una descripción del origen del código fuente. El registro @code{origin} contiene estos campos:" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:634 #, no-wrap msgid "The method, here @code{url-fetch} to download via HTTP/FTP, but other methods" msgstr "El método, aquí @code{url-fetch} para descargar vía HTTP/FTP, pero otros métodos" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:636 msgid "exist, such as @code{git-fetch} for Git repositories." msgstr "existen, tal como @code{git-fetch} para repositorios Git." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:636 #, no-wrap msgid "The URI, which is typically some @code{https://} location for @code{url-fetch}. Here" msgstr "La URL, la cual es típicamente algún lugar @code{https://} para @code{url-fetch}. Aquí" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:639 msgid "the special `mirror://gnu` refers to a set of well known locations, all of which can be used by Guix to fetch the source, should some of them fail." msgstr "el especial `mirror://gnu` refiere a un conjunto de lugares bien conocidos, todo los cuales puden ser utilzados por Guix para obtener la fuente, fallarían algunos de ellos." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:639 #, no-wrap msgid "The @code{sha256} checksum of the requested file. This is essential to ensure" msgstr "El checksum @code{sha256} del archivo solicitado. Esto es esencial para asegurar" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:642 msgid "the source is not corrupted. Note that Guix works with base32 strings, hence the call to the @code{base32} function." msgstr "la fuente no está corrompida. Note que Guix funciona con cadenas de base32, por tanto la invocación para la función @code{base32}." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:644 #, no-wrap msgid "build-system" msgstr "build-system" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:653 msgid "This is where the power of abstraction provided by the Scheme language really shines: in this case, the @code{gnu-build-system} abstracts away the famous @code{./configure && make && make install} shell invocations. Other build systems include the @code{trivial-build-system} which does not do anything and requires from the packager to program all the build steps, the @code{python-build-system}, the @code{emacs-build-system}, and many more (@pxref{Build Systems,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "Aquí es donde el poder de abstracción proporcionado por el lenguaje Scheme realmente brilla: en este caso, el @code{gnu-build-system} abstrae las famosas invocaciones al shell @code{./configure && make && make install}. Otros sistemas de construcción incluyen el @code{trivial-build-system} que no hace nada y requiere que el empaquetador programe todos los pasos de construcción, el @code{python-build-system}, el @code{emacs-build-system}, y muchos más (@pxref{Sistemas de construcción,,, guix.es, Manual referencia de GNU Guix})." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:654 #, no-wrap msgid "synopsis" msgstr "synopsis" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:657 msgid "It should be a concise summary of what the package does. For many packages a tagline from the project's home page can be used as the synopsis." msgstr "Sería un sumario conciso de que el paquete hace. Para muchos paquetes un etiquetado desde la página inicial del proyecto puede ser utilizada como la sinopsis." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:658 #, no-wrap msgid "description" msgstr "description" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:661 msgid "Same as for the synopsis, it's fine to re-use the project description from the homepage. Note that Guix uses Texinfo syntax." msgstr "Lo mismo que la sinopsis, es propio reutilizar la descripción del proyecto desde la página inicial. Note que Guix utiliza sintaxis Texinfo." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:662 #, no-wrap msgid "home-page" msgstr "home-page" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:664 msgid "Use HTTPS if available." msgstr "Utilizar HTTPS si está disponible." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:665 #, no-wrap msgid "license" msgstr "license" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:668 msgid "See @code{guix/licenses.scm} in the project source for a full list of available licenses." msgstr "Consulte @code{guix/licenses.scm} en la fuente del proyecto para un listado completo de licencias disponibles." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:672 msgid "Time to build our first package! Nothing fancy here for now: we will stick to a dummy @code{my-hello}, a copy of the above declaration." msgstr "¡Es el momento de construir nuestro primer paquete! Nada fantástico aquí por ahora: nos quedaremos con un maniquí @code{my-hello}, una copia de la declaración arriba." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:676 msgid "As with the ritualistic ``Hello World'' taught with most programming languages, this will possibly be the most ``manual'' approach. We will work out an ideal setup later; for now we will go the simplest route." msgstr "Como con el ``hola mundo`` ritualístico enseño con muchos lenguajes de programación, esto posiblemente será la aproximación más ``manual''. Funcionaremos con una configuración ideal más tarde; por ahora iremos a la rutina más simple." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:678 msgid "Save the following to a file @file{my-hello.scm}." msgstr "Guarda lo siguiente para un archivo @file{my-hello.scm}." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:684 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (guix packages)\n" " (guix download)\n" " (guix build-system gnu)\n" " (guix licenses))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (guix packages)\n" " (guix download)\n" " (guix build-system gnu)\n" " (guix licenses))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:703 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(package\n" " (name \"my-hello\")\n" " (version \"2.10\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (string-append \"mirror://gnu/hello/hello-\" version\n" " \".tar.gz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"0ssi1wpaf7plaswqqjwigppsg5fyh99vdlb9kzl7c9lng89ndq1i\"))))\n" " (build-system gnu-build-system)\n" " (synopsis \"Hello, Guix world: An example custom Guix package\")\n" " (description\n" " \"GNU Hello prints the message \\\"Hello, world!\\\" and then exits. It\n" "serves as an example of standard GNU coding practices. As such, it supports\n" "command-line arguments, multiple languages, and so on.\")\n" " (home-page \"https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/\")\n" " (license gpl3+))\n" msgstr "" "(package\n" " (name \"my-hello\")\n" " (version \"2.10\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (string-append \"mirror://gnu/hello/hello-\" version\n" " \".tar.gz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"0ssi1wpaf7plaswqqjwigppsg5fyh99vdlb9kzl7c9lng89ndq1i\"))))\n" " (build-system gnu-build-system)\n" " (synopsis \"Hola, mundo Guix: Un ejemplo personalizado de paquete Guix\")\n" " (description\n" " \"GNU Hello imprime el mensaje \\\"Hello, world!\\\" y después sale.\n" "Sirve como un ejemplo de prácticas de codificación GNU estándar. Por tanto, admite\n" "argumentos de línea de comando, múltiples lenguajes, y así el resto.\")\n" " (home-page \"https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/\")\n" " (license gpl3+))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:706 msgid "We will explain the extra code in a moment." msgstr "Explicaremos el código adicional en un momento." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:713 msgid "Feel free to play with the different values of the various fields. If you change the source, you'll need to update the checksum. Indeed, Guix refuses to build anything if the given checksum does not match the computed checksum of the source code. To obtain the correct checksum of the package declaration, we need to download the source, compute the sha256 checksum and convert it to base32." msgstr "Siéntete libre de jugar con los diferentes valores de los distintos campos. Si cambia el código fuente, tendrá que actualizar la suma de comprobación. De hecho, Guix se niega a construir nada si la suma de comprobación dada no coincide con la suma de comprobación calculada del código fuente. Para obtener la suma de comprobación correcta de la declaración del paquete, tenemos que descargar el código fuente, calcular la suma de comprobación sha256 y convertirla a base32." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:716 msgid "Thankfully, Guix can automate this task for us; all we need is to provide the URI:" msgstr "Afortunadamente, Guix puede automatizar esta tarea por nosotros; todo lo que necesitamos es proporcionar la URI:" #. This is example shell output. #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:720 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix download mirror://gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz\n" "\n" msgstr "" "$ guix download mirror://gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:727 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Starting download of /tmp/guix-file.JLYgL7\n" "From https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz...\n" "following redirection to `https://mirror.ibcp.fr/pub/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz'...\n" " …10.tar.gz 709KiB 2.5MiB/s 00:00 [##################] 100.0%\n" "/gnu/store/hbdalsf5lpf01x4dcknwx6xbn6n5km6k-hello-2.10.tar.gz\n" "0ssi1wpaf7plaswqqjwigppsg5fyh99vdlb9kzl7c9lng89ndq1i\n" msgstr "" "Inicio de la descarga de /tmp/guix-file.JLYgL7\n" "Desde https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz...\n" "tras la redirección a `https://mirror.ibcp.fr/pub/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz'...\n" " …10.tar.gz 709KiB 2.5MiB/s 00:00 [##################] 100.0%\n" "/gnu/store/hbdalsf5lpf01x4dcknwx6xbn6n5km6k-hello-2.10.tar.gz\n" "0ssi1wpaf7plaswqqjwigppsg5fyh99vdlb9kzl7c9lng89ndq1i\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:732 msgid "In this specific case the output tells us which mirror was chosen. If the result of the above command is not the same as in the above snippet, update your @code{my-hello} declaration accordingly." msgstr "En este caso concreto, la salida nos indica qué espejo se ha elegido. Si el resultado del comando anterior no es el mismo que en el fragmento anterior, actualice su declaración @code{my-hello} en consecuencia." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:736 msgid "Note that GNU package tarballs come with an OpenPGP signature, so you should definitely check the signature of this tarball with `gpg` to authenticate it before going further:" msgstr "Tenga en cuenta que los paquetes tar de GNU vienen con una firma OpenPGP, por lo que debería comprobar la firma de este tar con `gpg` para autenticarlo antes de continuar:" #. This is example shell output. #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:740 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix download mirror://gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig\n" "\n" msgstr "" "$ guix download mirror://gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:755 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Starting download of /tmp/guix-file.03tFfb\n" "From https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig...\n" "following redirection to `https://ftp.igh.cnrs.fr/pub/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig'...\n" " ….tar.gz.sig 819B 1.2MiB/s 00:00 [##################] 100.0%\n" "/gnu/store/rzs8wba9ka7grrmgcpfyxvs58mly0sx6-hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig\n" "0q0v86n3y38z17rl146gdakw9xc4mcscpk8dscs412j22glrv9jf\n" "$ gpg --verify /gnu/store/rzs8wba9ka7grrmgcpfyxvs58mly0sx6-hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig /gnu/store/hbdalsf5lpf01x4dcknwx6xbn6n5km6k-hello-2.10.tar.gz\n" "gpg: Signature made Sun 16 Nov 2014 01:08:37 PM CET\n" "gpg: using RSA key A9553245FDE9B739\n" "gpg: Good signature from \"Sami Kerola \" [unknown]\n" "gpg: aka \"Sami Kerola (http://www.iki.fi/kerolasa/) \" [unknown]\n" "gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!\n" "gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.\n" "Primary key fingerprint: 8ED3 96E3 7E38 D471 A005 30D3 A955 3245 FDE9 B739\n" msgstr "" "Inicio de la descarga de /tmp/guix-file.03tFfb\n" "Desde https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig...\n" "tras la redirección a `https://ftp.igh.cnrs.fr/pub/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig'...\n" " ….tar.gz.sig 819B 1.2MiB/s 00:00 [##################] 100.0%\n" "/gnu/store/rzs8wba9ka7grrmgcpfyxvs58mly0sx6-hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig\n" "0q0v86n3y38z17rl146gdakw9xc4mcscpk8dscs412j22glrv9jf\n" "$ gpg --verify /gnu/store/rzs8wba9ka7grrmgcpfyxvs58mly0sx6-hello-2.10.tar.gz.sig /gnu/store/hbdalsf5lpf01x4dcknwx6xbn6n5km6k-hello-2.10.tar.gz\n" "gpg: Firmado el dom 16 nov 2014 13:08:37 CET\n" "gpg: usando RSA clave A9553245FDE9B739\n" "gpg: comprobando base de datos de confianza\n" "gpg: no se encuentran claves absolutamente fiables\n" "gpg: Firma correcta de \"Sami Kerola \" [desconocido]\n" "gpg: alias \"Sami Kerola (http://www.iki.fi/kerolasa/) \" [desconocido]\n" "gpg: ATENCIÓN: ¡Esta clave no está certificada por una firma de confianza!\n" "gpg: No hay indicios de que la firma pertenezca al propietario.\n" "Huellas dactilares de la clave primaria: 8ED3 96E3 7E38 D471 A005 30D3 A955 3245 FDE9 B739\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:758 msgid "You can then happily run" msgstr "Entonces puede ejecutar felizmente" #. Do not translate this command #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:762 #, no-wrap msgid "$ guix package --install-from-file=my-hello.scm\n" msgstr "$ guix package --install-from-file=my-hello.scm\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:765 msgid "You should now have @code{my-hello} in your profile!" msgstr "¡Ahora tendría @code{my-hello} en su perfil!" #. Do not translate this command #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:771 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix package --list-installed=my-hello\n" "my-hello\t2.10\tout\n" "/gnu/store/f1db2mfm8syb8qvc357c53slbvf1g9m9-my-hello-2.10\n" msgstr "" "$ guix package --list-installed=my-hello\n" "my-hello\t2.10\tout\n" "/gnu/store/f1db2mfm8syb8qvc357c53slbvf1g9m9-my-hello-2.10\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:776 msgid "We've gone as far as we could without any knowledge of Scheme. Before moving on to more complex packages, now is the right time to brush up on your Scheme knowledge. @xref{A Scheme Crash Course} to get up to speed." msgstr "Hemos llegado tan lejos como hemos podido sin ningún conocimiento de Scheme. Antes de pasar a paquetes más complejos, ahora es el momento adecuado para repasar tus conocimientos de Scheme. @xref{A Scheme Crash Course} para ponerte al día." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:783 msgid "In the rest of this chapter we will rely on some basic Scheme programming knowledge. Now let's detail the different possible setups for working on Guix packages." msgstr "En el resto de este capítulo nos basaremos en algunos conocimientos básicos de programación en Scheme. Ahora vamos a detallar las diferentes configuraciones posibles para trabajar con paquetes Guix." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:785 msgid "There are several ways to set up a Guix packaging environment." msgstr "Hay varias maneras de configurar un entorno de empaquetando para Guix." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:788 msgid "We recommend you work directly on the Guix source checkout since it makes it easier for everyone to contribute to the project." msgstr "Recomendado trabajar directamente en la copia de trabajo de código Guix desde que lo hizo más fácil para cada uno de contribuir al proyecto." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:790 msgid "But first, let's look at other possibilities." msgstr "Pero primero, miremos en otras posibilidades." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:803 msgid "This is what we previously did with @samp{my-hello}. With the Scheme basics we've covered, we are now able to explain the leading chunks. As stated in @code{guix package --help}:" msgstr "Esto es lo que hicimos anteriormente con @samp{my-hello}. Con los fundamentos de Scheme que hemos cubierto, ahora estamos en condiciones de explicar los trozos principales. Como se indica en @code{guix package --help}:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:808 #, no-wrap msgid "" " -f, --install-from-file=FILE\n" " install the package that the code within FILE\n" " evaluates to\n" msgstr "" " -f, --install-from-file=ARCHIVO\n" " instala el paquete al que el código en\n" " ARCHIVO evalúa\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:812 msgid "Thus the last expression @emph{must} return a package, which is the case in our earlier example." msgstr "Por tanto la última expresión @emph{debe} devolver un paquete, el cual es el caso en su ejemplo anterior." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:816 msgid "The @code{use-modules} expression tells which of the modules we need in the file. Modules are a collection of values and procedures. They are commonly called ``libraries'' or ``packages'' in other programming languages." msgstr "La expresión @code{use-modules} indica cuáles de los módulos necesitamos en el archivo. Los módulos son una colección de valores y procedimientos. En otros lenguajes de programación suelen denominarse ``bibliotecas'' o ``paquetes''." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:820 #, no-wrap msgid "channel" msgstr "canal" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:826 msgid "Guix and its package collection can be extended through @dfn{channels}. A channel is a Git repository, public or not, containing @file{.scm} files that provide packages (@pxref{Defining Packages,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}) or services (@pxref{Defining Services,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "Guix y su colección de paquetes pueden ampliarse a través de @dfn{canales}. Un canal es un repositorio Git, público o no, que contiene archivos @file{.scm} que proporcionan paquetes (@pxref{Definición de paquetes,,, guix.es, Manual referencial GNU Guix}) o servicios (@pxref{Definición de servicios,,, guix.es, Manual referencial GNU Guix})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:829 msgid "How would you go about creating a channel? First, create a directory that will contain your @file{.scm} files, say @file{~/my-channel}:" msgstr "¿Como pudiste ir a crear un canal? Primero, cree un directorio que contendrá su archivos @file{.scm}, dicho @file{~/mi-canal}:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:832 #, no-wrap msgid "mkdir ~/my-channel\n" msgstr "mkdir ~/mi-canal\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:836 msgid "Suppose you want to add the @samp{my-hello} package we saw previously; it first needs some adjustments:" msgstr "Suponga que quiere añadir el paquete @samp{my-hello} que vimos previamente; primero necesita algunos ajustes:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:843 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-module (my-hello)\n" " #:use-module (guix licenses)\n" " #:use-module (guix packages)\n" " #:use-module (guix build-system gnu)\n" " #:use-module (guix download))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define-module (my-hello)\n" " #:use-module (guix licenses)\n" " #:use-module (guix packages)\n" " #:use-module (guix build-system gnu)\n" " #:use-module (guix download))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:863 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public my-hello\n" " (package\n" " (name \"my-hello\")\n" " (version \"2.10\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (string-append \"mirror://gnu/hello/hello-\" version\n" " \".tar.gz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"0ssi1wpaf7plaswqqjwigppsg5fyh99vdlb9kzl7c9lng89ndq1i\"))))\n" " (build-system gnu-build-system)\n" " (synopsis \"Hello, Guix world: An example custom Guix package\")\n" " (description\n" " \"GNU Hello prints the message \\\"Hello, world!\\\" and then exits. It\n" "serves as an example of standard GNU coding practices. As such, it supports\n" "command-line arguments, multiple languages, and so on.\")\n" " (home-page \"https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/\")\n" " (license gpl3+)))\n" msgstr "" "(define-public my-hello\n" " (package\n" " (name \"my-hello\")\n" " (version \"2.10\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (string-append \"mirror://gnu/hello/hello-\" version\n" " \".tar.gz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"0ssi1wpaf7plaswqqjwigppsg5fyh99vdlb9kzl7c9lng89ndq1i\"))))\n" " (build-system gnu-build-system)\n" " (synopsis \"Hola, mundo Guix: Un ejemplo personalizado de paquete Guix\")\n" " (description\n" " \"GNU Hello imprime el mensaje \\\"Hello, world!\\\" y después sale.\n" "Sirve como un ejemplo de prácticas de codificación GNU estándar. Por tanto, admite\n" "argumentos de línea comando, múltiples lenguajes, y más.\")\n" " (home-page \"https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/\")\n" " (license gpl3+)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:869 msgid "Note that we have assigned the package value to an exported variable name with @code{define-public}. This is effectively assigning the package to the @code{my-hello} variable so that it can be referenced, among other as dependency of other packages." msgstr "Observe que hemos asignado el valor del paquete a un nombre de variable exportado con @code{define-public}. Esto es efectivamente asignar el paquete a la variable @code{my-hello} para que pueda ser referenciado, entre otros como dependencia de otros paquetes." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:874 msgid "If you use @code{guix package --install-from-file=my-hello.scm} on the above file, it will fail because the last expression, @code{define-public}, does not return a package. If you want to use @code{define-public} in this use-case nonetheless, make sure the file ends with an evaluation of @code{my-hello}:" msgstr "Si utiliza @code{guix package --install-from-file=my-hello.scm} sobre el archivo de arriba, fallará porque la última expresión, @code{define-public}, no devuelve un paquete. Si quiere utilizar @code{define-public} en este caso de uso sin embargo, asegura los finales de archivo con una evaluación de @code{my-hello}:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:880 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; ...\n" "(define-public my-hello\n" " ;; ...\n" " )\n" "\n" msgstr "" ";; ...\n" "(define-public my-hello\n" " ;; ...\n" " )\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:882 #, no-wrap msgid "my-hello\n" msgstr "my-hello\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:885 msgid "This last example is not very typical." msgstr "Este último ejemplo no es muy típico." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:889 msgid "Now how do you make that package visible to @command{guix} commands so you can test your packages? You need to add the directory to the search path using the @option{-L} command-line option, as in these examples:" msgstr "¿Ahora como haces que el paquete visible a comandos @command{guix} por tanto puede privar sus paquetes? Necesita añadir el directorio para la ruta de búsqueda utilizando la opción de línea de instrucción @option{-L}, como en estos ejemplos:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:893 #, no-wrap msgid "" "guix show -L ~/my-channel my-hello\n" "guix build -L ~/my-channel my-hello\n" msgstr "" "guix show -L ~/mi-canal my-hello\n" "guix build -L ~/mi-canal my-hello\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:899 msgid "The final step is to turn @file{~/my-channel} into an actual channel, making your package collection seamlessly available @i{via} any @command{guix} command. To do that, you first need to make it a Git repository:" msgstr "El paso final es convertir @file{~/my-channel} en un canal real, haciendo que tu colección de paquetes esté disponible sin problemas vía cualquier comando @command{guix}. Para ello, primero tienes que convertirlo en un repositorio Git:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:905 #, no-wrap msgid "" "cd ~/my-channel\n" "git init\n" "git add my-hello.scm\n" "git commit -m \"First commit of my channel.\"\n" msgstr "" "cd ~/mi-canal\n" "git init\n" "git add my-hello.scm\n" "git commit -m \"Primer commit de mi canal.\"\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:913 msgid "And that's it, you have a channel! From there on, you can add this channel to your channel configuration in @file{~/.config/guix/channels.scm} (@pxref{Specifying Additional Channels,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}); assuming you keep your channel local for now, the @file{channels.scm} would look something like this:" msgstr "¡Eso es, tiene un canal! Desde ese activo, puede añadir este canal a su configuración de canal en @file{~/.config/guix/channels.scm} (@pxref{Especificación de canales adicionales,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix}); asumiendo conserva su canal local para ahora, el @file{channels.scm} parecería algo como esto:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:920 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(append (list (channel\n" " (name 'my-channel)\n" " (url (string-append \"file://\" (getenv \"HOME\")\n" " \"/my-channel\"))))\n" " %default-channels)\n" msgstr "" "(append (list (channel\n" " (name 'mi-canal)\n" " (url (string-append \"file://\" (getenv \"HOME\")\n" " \"/mi-canal\"))))\n" " %default-channels)\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:927 msgid "Next time you run @command{guix pull}, your channel will be picked up and the packages it defines will be readily available to all the @command{guix} commands, even if you do not pass @option{-L}. The @command{guix describe} command will show that Guix is, indeed, using both the @code{my-channel} and the @code{guix} channels." msgstr "La próxima vez que ejecute @command{guix pull}, su canal será recogido y los paquetes que defina estarán disponibles para todos los comandos @command{guix}, incluso si no pasa @option{-L}. El comando @command{guix describe} mostrará que Guix está, de hecho, usando tanto el canal @code{mi-canal} como el canal @code{guix}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:930 msgid "@xref{Creating a Channel,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for details." msgstr "@xref{Creación de un canal,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix}, para más detalles." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:937 msgid "Working directly on the Guix project is recommended: it reduces the friction when the time comes to submit your changes upstream to let the community benefit from your hard work!" msgstr "Se recomienda trabajar directamente en el proyecto Guix: reduce la fricción cuando llega el momento de enviar los cambios a la comunidad para que ésta se beneficie de tu duro trabajo." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:943 msgid "Unlike most software distributions, the Guix repository holds in one place both the tooling (including the package manager) and the package definitions. This choice was made so that it would give developers the flexibility to modify the API without breakage by updating all packages at the same time. This reduces development inertia." msgstr "A diferencia de la mayoría de las distribuciones de software, el repositorio Guix contiene en un solo lugar tanto las herramientas (incluido el gestor de paquetes) como las definiciones de los paquetes. Esta elección se hizo para dar a los desarrolladores la flexibilidad de modificar la API sin rupturas, actualizando todos los paquetes al mismo tiempo. Esto reduce la inercia del desarrollo." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:945 msgid "Check out the official @uref{https://git-scm.com/, Git} repository:" msgstr "Revise el repositorio @uref{https://git-scm.com/, Git} oficial:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:948 #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "$ git clone https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/guix.git\n" msgid "$ git clone https://git.guix.gnu.org/guix.git\n" msgstr "$ git clone https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/guix.git\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:952 msgid "In the rest of this article, we use @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT} to refer to the location of the checkout." msgstr "En el resto de este artículo, utilice @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT} para referir al lugar del código." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:956 msgid "Follow the instructions in the manual (@pxref{Contributing,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}) to set up the repository environment." msgstr "Siga las instrucciones en el manual (@pxref{Contribución,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix}) para configurar el entorno del repositorio." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:959 msgid "Once ready, you should be able to use the package definitions from the repository environment." msgstr "Una vez que esté dispuesto, sería capaz de utilizar las definiciones del paquete desde el entorno del repositorio." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:961 msgid "Feel free to edit package definitions found in @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/gnu/packages}." msgstr "Siéntase libre de editar definiciones de paquete encontrada en @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/gnu/packages}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:965 msgid "The @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/pre-inst-env} script lets you use @samp{guix} over the package collection of the repository (@pxref{Running Guix Before It Is Installed,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "El guion @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/pre-inst-env} le permite utilizar @samp{guix} sobre la colección del paquete del repositorio (@pxref{Ejecutar Guix antes de instalarlo,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix})." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:969 msgid "Search packages, such as Ruby:" msgstr "Busque paquetes, tales como Ruby:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:976 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ cd $GUIX_CHECKOUT\n" " $ ./pre-inst-env guix package --list-available=ruby\n" " ruby 1.8.7-p374 out gnu/packages/ruby.scm:119:2\n" " ruby 2.1.6 out gnu/packages/ruby.scm:91:2\n" " ruby 2.2.2 out gnu/packages/ruby.scm:39:2\n" msgstr "" " $ cd $GUIX_CHECKOUT\n" " $ ./pre-inst-env guix package --list-available=ruby\n" " ruby 1.8.7-p374 out gnu/packages/ruby.scm:119:2\n" " ruby 2.1.6 out gnu/packages/ruby.scm:91:2\n" " ruby 2.2.2 out gnu/packages/ruby.scm:39:2\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:980 msgid "Build a package, here Ruby version 2.1:" msgstr "Construye un paquete, aquí Ruby versión 2.1:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:984 #, no-wrap msgid "" " $ ./pre-inst-env guix build --keep-failed ruby@@2.1\n" " /gnu/store/c13v73jxmj2nir2xjqaz5259zywsa9zi-ruby-2.1.6\n" msgstr "" " $ ./pre-inst-env guix build --keep-failed ruby@@2.1\n" " /gnu/store/c13v73jxmj2nir2xjqaz5259zywsa9zi-ruby-2.1.6\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:988 msgid "Install it to your user profile:" msgstr "Instalarlo a su perfil de usuario:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:991 #, no-wrap msgid " $ ./pre-inst-env guix package --install ruby@@2.1\n" msgstr " $ ./pre-inst-env guix package --install ruby@@2.1\n" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:995 msgid "Check for common mistakes:" msgstr "Comprobar equivocaciones usuales:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:998 #, no-wrap msgid " $ ./pre-inst-env guix lint ruby@@2.1\n" msgstr " $ ./pre-inst-env guix lint ruby@@2.1\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1003 msgid "Guix strives at maintaining a high packaging standard; when contributing to the Guix project, remember to" msgstr "Guix se esfuerza en mantenimiento de un empaquetado estándar alto; cuando contribuya al proyecto Guix, recuerde que" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1007 msgid "follow the coding style (@pxref{Coding Style,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})," msgstr "siga el estilo de codificación (@pxref{Estilo de codificación,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix})," #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1009 msgid "and review the check list from the manual (@pxref{Submitting Patches,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "y revise el listado de comprobación desde el manual (@pxref{Envío de parches,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1013 msgid "Once you are happy with the result, you are welcome to send your contribution to make it part of Guix. This process is also detailed in the manual. (@pxref{Contributing,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})" msgstr "Una vez que sea feliz con el resultado, es bienvenido para enviar su contribución para hacerla parte de Guix. Este proceso además está detallado en el manual. (@pxref{Contribución,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix})" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1016 msgid "It's a community effort so the more join in, the better Guix becomes!" msgstr "¡Es un esfuerzo de la comunidad tal que más se unan, lo mejor de vuelve Guix!" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1023 msgid "The above ``Hello World'' example is as simple as it goes. Packages can be more complex than that and Guix can handle more advanced scenarios. Let's look at another, more sophisticated package (slightly modified from the source):" msgstr "El ejemplo ``Hola Mundo'' de arriba es tan simple como va. Los paquetes pueden ser más complejos que eso y Guix puede manipular más escenarios avanzados. Miremos en otro paquete, más sofisticado (ligeramente modificado desde la fuente):" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1038 #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "" #| "(define-module (gnu packages version-control)\n" #| " #:use-module ((guix licenses) #:prefix license:)\n" #| " #:use-module (guix utils)\n" #| " #:use-module (guix packages)\n" #| " #:use-module (guix git-download)\n" #| " #:use-module (guix build-system cmake)\n" #| " #:use-module (gnu packages compression)\n" #| " #:use-module (gnu packages pkg-config)\n" #| " #:use-module (gnu packages python)\n" #| " #:use-module (gnu packages ssh)\n" #| " #:use-module (gnu packages tls)\n" #| " #:use-module (gnu packages web))\n" #| "\n" msgid "" "(define-module (gnu packages version-control)\n" " #:use-module ((guix licenses) #:prefix license:)\n" " #:use-module (guix utils)\n" " #:use-module (guix packages)\n" " #:use-module (guix git-download)\n" " #:use-module (guix build-system cmake)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages compression)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages pkg-config)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages python)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages ssh)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages tls)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages web))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define-module (gnu packages version-control)\n" " #:use-module ((guix licenses) #:prefix license:)\n" " #:use-module (guix utils)\n" " #:use-module (guix packages)\n" " #:use-module (guix git-download)\n" " #:use-module (guix build-system cmake)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages compression)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages pkg-config)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages python)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages ssh)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages tls)\n" " #:use-module (gnu packages web))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1094 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public my-libgit2\n" " (let ((commit \"e98d0a37c93574d2c6107bf7f31140b548c6a7bf\")\n" " (revision \"1\"))\n" " (package\n" " (name \"my-libgit2\")\n" " (version (git-version \"0.26.6\" revision commit))\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method git-fetch)\n" " (uri (git-reference\n" " (url \"https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/\")\n" " (commit commit)))\n" " (file-name (git-file-name name version))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"17pjvprmdrx4h6bb1hhc98w9qi6ki7yl57f090n9kbhswxqfs7s3\"))\n" " (patches (search-patches \"libgit2-mtime-0.patch\"))\n" " (modules '((guix build utils)))\n" " ;; Remove bundled software.\n" " (snippet '(delete-file-recursively \"deps\"))))\n" " (build-system cmake-build-system)\n" " (outputs '(\"out\" \"debug\"))\n" " (arguments\n" " `(#:tests? #true ; Run the test suite (this is the default)\n" " #:configure-flags '(\"-DUSE_SHA1DC=ON\") ; SHA-1 collision detection\n" " #:phases\n" " (modify-phases %standard-phases\n" " (add-after 'unpack 'fix-hardcoded-paths\n" " (lambda _\n" " (substitute* \"tests/repo/init.c\"\n" " ((\"#!/bin/sh\") (string-append \"#!\" (which \"sh\"))))\n" " (substitute* \"tests/clar/fs.h\"\n" " ((\"/bin/cp\") (which \"cp\"))\n" " ((\"/bin/rm\") (which \"rm\")))))\n" " ;; Run checks more verbosely.\n" " (replace 'check\n" " (lambda* (#:key tests? #:allow-other-keys)\n" " (when tests?\n" " (invoke \"./libgit2_clar\" \"-v\" \"-Q\"))))\n" " (add-after 'unpack 'make-files-writable-for-tests\n" " (lambda _ (for-each make-file-writable (find-files \".\")))))))\n" " (inputs\n" " (list libssh2 http-parser python-wrapper))\n" " (native-inputs\n" " (list pkg-config))\n" " (propagated-inputs\n" " ;; These two libraries are in 'Requires.private' in libgit2.pc.\n" " (list openssl zlib))\n" " (home-page \"https://libgit2.github.com/\")\n" " (synopsis \"Library providing Git core methods\")\n" " (description\n" " \"Libgit2 is a portable, pure C implementation of the Git core methods\n" "provided as a re-entrant linkable library with a solid API, allowing you to\n" "write native speed custom Git applications in any language with bindings.\")\n" " ;; GPLv2 with linking exception\n" " (license license:gpl2))))\n" msgstr "" "(define-public my-libgit2\n" " (let ((commit \"e98d0a37c93574d2c6107bf7f31140b548c6a7bf\")\n" " (revision \"1\"))\n" " (package\n" " (name \"my-libgit2\")\n" " (version (git-version \"0.26.6\" revision commit))\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method git-fetch)\n" " (uri (git-reference\n" " (url \"https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/\")\n" " (commit commit)))\n" " (file-name (git-file-name name version))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"17pjvprmdrx4h6bb1hhc98w9qi6ki7yl57f090n9kbhswxqfs7s3\"))\n" " (patches (search-patches \"libgit2-mtime-0.patch\"))\n" " (modules '((guix build utils)))\n" " ;; Remove bundled software.\n" " (snippet '(delete-file-recursively \"deps\"))))\n" " (build-system cmake-build-system)\n" " (outputs '(\"out\" \"debug\"))\n" " (arguments\n" " `(#:tests? #true ; Ejecutar el conjunto de pruebas (por defecto)\n" " #:configure-flags '(\"-DUSE_SHA1DC=ON\") ; SHA-1 detección de colisiones\n" " #:phases\n" " (modify-phases %standard-phases\n" " (add-after 'unpack 'fix-hardcoded-paths\n" " (lambda _\n" " (substitute* \"tests/repo/init.c\"\n" " ((\"#!/bin/sh\") (string-append \"#!\" (which \"sh\"))))\n" " (substitute* \"tests/clar/fs.h\"\n" " ((\"/bin/cp\") (which \"cp\"))\n" " ((\"/bin/rm\") (which \"rm\")))))\n" " ;; Realiza comprobaciones más verbosas.\n" " (replace 'check\n" " (lambda* (#:key tests? #:allow-other-keys)\n" " (when tests?\n" " (invoke \"./libgit2_clar\" \"-v\" \"-Q\"))))\n" " (add-after 'unpack 'make-files-writable-for-tests\n" " (lambda _ (for-each make-file-writable (find-files \".\")))))))\n" " (inputs\n" " (list libssh2 http-parser python-wrapper))\n" " (native-inputs\n" " (list pkg-config))\n" " (propagated-inputs\n" " ;; Estas dos bibliotecas se encuentran en 'Requires.private' en libgit2.pc.\n" " (list openssl zlib))\n" " (home-page \"https://libgit2.github.com/\")\n" " (synopsis \"Biblioteca que proporciona los métodos básicos de Git\")\n" " (description\n" " \"Libgit2 es una implementación portable en C puro de los métodos\n" "centrales de Git, proporcionada como una biblioteca enlazable reentrante\n" "con una API sólida, que permite escribir aplicaciones Git personalizadas a\n" "velocidad nativa en cualquier lenguaje con bindings.\")\n" " ;; GPLv2 with linking exception\n" " (license license:gpl2))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1099 msgid "(In those cases were you only want to tweak a few fields from a package definition, you should rely on inheritance instead of copy-pasting everything. See below.)" msgstr "(En aquellos casos eran solo querían configurar unos pocos campos desde una definición de pquete, relativamente en herencia en vez de todo copia-pega. Consulte a continuación.)" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1101 msgid "Let's discuss those fields in depth." msgstr "Discutimos esos campos en profundidad." #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1102 #, no-wrap msgid "@code{git-fetch} method" msgstr "El método @code{git-fetch}" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1109 msgid "Unlike the @code{url-fetch} method, @code{git-fetch} expects a @code{git-reference} which takes a Git repository and a commit. The commit can be any Git reference such as tags, so if the @code{version} is tagged, then it can be used directly. Sometimes the tag is prefixed with a @code{v}, in which case you'd use @code{(commit (string-append \"v\" version))}." msgstr "A diferencia del método @code{url-fetch}, @code{git-fetch} espera un @code{git-reference} que toma un repositorio Git y un commit. El commit puede ser cualquier referencia Git como etiquetas, por lo que si el @code{version} está etiquetado, entonces puede usarse directamente. A veces la etiqueta va precedida de @code{v}, en cuyo caso se usaría @code{(commit (string-append \"v\" version))}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1113 msgid "To ensure that the source code from the Git repository is stored in a directory with a descriptive name, we use @code{(file-name (git-file-name name version))}." msgstr "Para garantizar que el código fuente del repositorio Git se almacena en un directorio con un nombre descriptivo, utilizamos @code{(file-name (git-file-name name version))}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1118 msgid "The @code{git-version} procedure can be used to derive the version when packaging programs for a specific commit, following the Guix contributor guidelines (@pxref{Version Numbers,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "El procedimiento @code{git-version} puede usarse para derivar la versión cuando se empaquetan programas para una confirmación específica, siguiendo las directrices de los contribuidores de Guix (@pxref{Versiones numéricas,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1122 msgid "How does one obtain the @code{sha256} hash that's in there, you ask? By invoking @command{guix hash} on a checkout of the desired commit, along these lines:" msgstr "¿Cómo se obtiene el hash @code{sha256} que está ahí, te preguntarás? Invocando @command{guix hash} en una revisión de la confirmación deseada, de la siguiente manera:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1128 #, no-wrap msgid "" "git clone https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/\n" "cd libgit2\n" "git checkout v0.26.6\n" "guix hash -rx .\n" msgstr "" "git clone https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/\n" "cd libgit2\n" "git checkout v0.26.6\n" "guix hash -rx .\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1133 msgid "@command{guix hash -rx} computes a SHA256 hash over the whole directory, excluding the @file{.git} sub-directory (@pxref{Invoking guix hash,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "@command{guix hash -rx} calcula un hash SHA256 sobre el directorio completo, excluyendo el sub-directorio @file{.git} (@pxref{Invocación de guix hash,,, guix.es, Manual referencial de GNU Guix})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1136 msgid "In the future, @command{guix download} will hopefully be able to do these steps for you, just like it does for regular downloads." msgstr "En el futuro, @command{guix download} ojalá sea capaz de hacer estos pasos por usted, tan solo lo hace para descargas usuales." #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1137 #, no-wrap msgid "Snippets" msgstr "Fragmentos" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1143 msgid "Snippets are quoted (i.e. non-evaluated) Scheme code that are a means of patching the source. They are a Guix-y alternative to the traditional @file{.patch} files. Because of the quote, the code in only evaluated when passed to the Guix daemon for building. There can be as many snippets as needed." msgstr "Los fragmentos de código Scheme están entrecomillados (es decir, no evaluado) que tienen un sentido de parcheo de la fuente. Son una alternativa de Guix-y para los archvios tradicionales de tipo parche (@file{.patch}). Debido a la comilla, el código solamente es evaluado cuando pase al daemon Guix para construcción. Allí puede tener tangos fragmentos como se necesiten." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1146 msgid "Snippets might need additional Guile modules which can be imported from the @code{modules} field." msgstr "Los fragmentos quizá necesiten módulos Guile adicionales los cuales pueden ser importados desde el campo @code{modules}." #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1147 #, no-wrap msgid "Inputs" msgstr "Entradas" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1150 msgid "There are 3 different input types. In short:" msgstr "Hay tres tipos diferentes de entrada. Las cortas:" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1152 #, no-wrap msgid "native-inputs" msgstr "native-inputs" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1155 msgid "Required for building but not runtime -- installing a package through a substitute won't install these inputs." msgstr "Requerido para construir pero no en tiempo de ejecución -- instalando un paquete por un sustituto no instalaría estas entradas." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1155 #, no-wrap msgid "inputs" msgstr "inputs" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1158 msgid "Installed in the store but not in the profile, as well as being present at build time." msgstr "Instalado en el almacén pero no en el perfil, así como estando presente en tiempo de construcción." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1158 #, no-wrap msgid "propagated-inputs" msgstr "propagated-inputs" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1161 msgid "Installed in the store and in the profile, as well as being present at build time." msgstr "Instalado en el almacén y en el perfil, además de estar presente en el momento de la construcción." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1164 msgid "@xref{package Reference,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual} for more details." msgstr "@xref{Referencia de package,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix} para más detalles." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1168 msgid "The distinction between the various inputs is important: if a dependency can be handled as an @emph{input} instead of a @emph{propagated input}, it should be done so, or else it ``pollutes'' the user profile for no good reason." msgstr "La distinción entre las distintas entradas es importante: si una dependencia puede tratarse como una @emph{entrada} en lugar de como una @emph{entrada propagada}, debe hacerse así, o de lo contrario ``contaminará'' el perfil de usuario sin una buena razón." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1175 msgid "For instance, a user installing a graphical program that depends on a command line tool might only be interested in the graphical part, so there is no need to force the command line tool into the user profile. The dependency is a concern to the package, not to the user. @emph{Inputs} make it possible to handle dependencies without bugging the user by adding undesired executable files (or libraries) to their profile." msgstr "Por ejemplo, un usuario que instala un programa gráfico que depende de una herramienta de línea de comandos puede que sólo esté interesado en la parte gráfica, por lo que no hay necesidad de forzar la herramienta de línea de comandos en el perfil de usuario. La dependencia es una preocupación para el paquete, no para el usuario. @emph{Inputs} permite gestionar las dependencias sin molestar al usuario añadiendo archivos ejecutables (o bibliotecas) no deseados a su perfil." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1181 msgid "Same goes for @emph{native-inputs}: once the program is installed, build-time dependencies can be safely garbage-collected. It also matters when a substitute is available, in which case only the @emph{inputs} and @emph{propagated inputs} will be fetched: the @emph{native inputs} are not required to install a package from a substitute." msgstr "Lo mismo ocurre con @emph{native-inputs}: una vez instalado el programa, las dependencias en tiempo de construcción pueden ser recolectadas de forma segura. También es importante cuando un sustituto está disponible, en cuyo caso sólo el @code{inputs} y @code{propagated-inputs} será recuperado: el @code{native-inputs} no son necesarios para instalar un paquete de un sustituto." #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1182 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2704 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4503 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5676 #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5742 #, no-wrap msgid "Note" msgstr "Nota" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1185 msgid "You may see here and there snippets where package inputs are written quite differently, like so:" msgstr "Aquí puede ver y esos fragmentos de código donde entradas de paquetes son escritos poco diferentemente, como así:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1192 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; The \"old style\" for inputs.\n" "(inputs\n" " `((\"libssh2\" ,libssh2)\n" " (\"http-parser\" ,http-parser)\n" " (\"python\" ,python-wrapper)))\n" msgstr "" ";; El \"estilo más antiguo\" para entradas.\n" "(inputs\n" " `((\"libssh2\" ,libssh2)\n" " (\"http-parser\" ,http-parser)\n" " (\"python\" ,python-wrapper)))\n" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1198 msgid "This is the ``old style'', where each input in the list is explicitly given a label (a string). It is still supported but we recommend using the style above instead. @xref{package Reference,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for more info." msgstr "Éste es el ``estilo antiguo'', donde cada entrada en el listado se proporciona explícitamente como una etiqueta (una cadena). Todavía está mantenido pero recomendamos utilizar en su lugar el estilo anterior." #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1200 #, no-wrap msgid "Outputs" msgstr "Salidas" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1204 msgid "Just like how a package can have multiple inputs, it can also produce multiple outputs." msgstr "Tan solo como un paquete puede tener múltiples entradas, puede producir además múltiples salidas." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1206 msgid "Each output corresponds to a separate directory in the store." msgstr "Cada salida corresponde a un directorio separado en el almacén." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1209 msgid "The user can choose which output to install; this is useful to save space or to avoid polluting the user profile with unwanted executables or libraries." msgstr "El usuario puede elegir cual salida para instalar; esto es útil para ahorrar espacio o para evitar repartir el perfil de usuario cuando ejecutables o bibliotecas no son deseados." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1212 msgid "Output separation is optional. When the @code{outputs} field is left out, the default and only output (the complete package) is referred to as @code{\"out\"}." msgstr "La separación de salida es opcional. Cuando el campo @code{salidas} se dejan fuera, lo predeterminado y solamente la salida (el paquete completo) está referenciado como @code{\"out\"} (salida)." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1214 msgid "Typical separate output names include @code{debug} and @code{doc}." msgstr "Los nombres de salida separados típicos incluyen @code{defauilt} y @code{doc}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1218 msgid "It's advised to separate outputs only when you've shown it's worth it: if the output size is significant (compare with @code{guix size}) or in case the package is modular." msgstr "Se advierte separar las salidas solo cuando es mostrada es peor si: el tamaño de salida es significante (compara con @code{tamaño guix}) o en caso de cuando el paquete es modular." #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1219 #, no-wrap msgid "Build system arguments" msgstr "Argumentos del sistema de construcción" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1222 msgid "The @code{arguments} is a keyword-value list used to configure the build process." msgstr "Los @code{arguments} son un valor de palabra clave utilizada para configurar el proceso de construcción." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1227 msgid "The simplest argument @code{#:tests?} can be used to disable the test suite when building the package. This is mostly useful when the package does not feature any test suite. It's strongly recommended to keep the test suite on if there is one." msgstr "El argumento @code{#:test?} más simple puede ser utilizado para deshabilitar la suite de test cuando construya el paquete. Esto es mayormente útil cuando el paquete no capacita ningún suite de test. Es recomendado fuertemente conservar la suite de test si hay una." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1231 msgid "Another common argument is @code{:make-flags}, which specifies a list of flags to append when running make, as you would from the command line. For instance, the following flags" msgstr "Otro argumento común es @code{:crear-indicadores}, el cual especifica un listado de indicadores para adjuntar cuando ejecute make, como haría desde la línea de comando. Por instancia, los indicadores proporcionan" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1235 #, no-wrap msgid "" "#:make-flags (list (string-append \"prefix=\" (assoc-ref %outputs \"out\"))\n" " \"CC=gcc\")\n" msgstr "" "#:make-flags (list (string-append \"prefix=\" (assoc-ref %outputs \"salida\"))\n" " \"CC=gcc\")\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1238 msgid "translate into" msgstr "traducir en" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1241 #, no-wrap msgid "$ make CC=gcc prefix=/gnu/store/...-\n" msgstr "$ make CC=gcc prefix=/gnu/store/...-\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1247 msgid "This sets the C compiler to @code{gcc} and the @code{prefix} variable (the installation directory in Make parlance) to @code{(assoc-ref %outputs \"out\")}, which is a build-stage global variable pointing to the destination directory in the store (something like @file{/gnu/store/...-my-libgit2-20180408})." msgstr "Estos establece el compilador C para @code{gcc} y la variable @code{prefix} (el directorio de instalación en el lenguaje Make) para @code{(assoc-ref %outputs \"salida\")} la cual es una variable local de lado-de-construcción apuntando al directorio destino dentro del almacenaje (alguna cosa como @file{/gnu/store/...-my-libgit2-20180408})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1249 msgid "Similarly, it's possible to set the configure flags:" msgstr "Similarmente, es posible poner los indicadores de configuración:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1252 #, no-wrap msgid "#:configure-flags '(\"-DUSE_SHA1DC=ON\")\n" msgstr "#:configure-flags '(\"-DUSE_SHA1DC=ON\")\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1256 msgid "The @code{%build-inputs} variable is also generated in scope. It's an association table that maps the input names to their store directories." msgstr "La variable @code{%build-inputs} también está generada en ámbito. Es una tabla de asociación que asocia los nombres de entrada a sus directorios de almacenaje." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1261 msgid "The @code{phases} keyword lists the sequential steps of the build system. Typically phases include @code{unpack}, @code{configure}, @code{build}, @code{install} and @code{check}. To know more about those phases, you need to work out the appropriate build system definition in @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/guix/build/gnu-build-system.scm}:" msgstr "La palabra clave @code{phases} crea listas de pasos secuenciales del sistema de construcción. Las fases típicamente incluyen @code{unpack}, @code{configure}, @code{build}, @code{instalar} y @code{check}. Para saber más sobre estas fases, necesita trabajar fuera de la definición del sistema de construcción apropiado en @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/guix/build/gnu-build-system.scm}:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1281 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define %standard-phases\n" " ;; Standard build phases, as a list of symbol/procedure pairs.\n" " (let-syntax ((phases (syntax-rules ()\n" " ((_ p ...) `((p . ,p) ...)))))\n" " (phases set-SOURCE-DATE-EPOCH set-paths install-locale unpack\n" " bootstrap\n" " patch-usr-bin-file\n" " patch-source-shebangs configure patch-generated-file-shebangs\n" " build check install\n" " patch-shebangs strip\n" " validate-runpath\n" " validate-documentation-location\n" " delete-info-dir-file\n" " patch-dot-desktop-files\n" " make-dynamic-linker-cache\n" " install-license-files\n" " reset-gzip-timestamps\n" " compress-documentation)))\n" msgstr "" "(define %standard-phases\n" " ;; Fases de construcción estándar, como un listado de parejas símbolo/procedimiento.\n" " (let-syntax ((phases (syntax-rules ()\n" " ((_ p ...) `((p . ,p) ...)))))\n" " (phases set-SOURCE-DATE-EPOCH set-paths install-locale unpack\n" " bootstrap\n" " patch-usr-bin-file\n" " patch-source-shebangs configure patch-generated-file-shebangs\n" " build check install\n" " patch-shebangs strip\n" " validate-runpath\n" " validate-documentation-location\n" " delete-info-dir-file\n" " patch-dot-desktop-files\n" " make-dynamic-linker-cache\n" " install-license-files\n" " reset-gzip-timestamps\n" " compress-documentation)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1284 msgid "Or from the REPL:" msgstr "O desde el REPL:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1290 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(add-to-load-path \"/path/to/guix/checkout\")\n" ",use (guix build gnu-build-system)\n" "(map car %standard-phases)\n" "@result{} (set-SOURCE-DATE-EPOCH set-paths install-locale unpack bootstrap patch-usr-bin-file patch-source-shebangs configure patch-generated-file-shebangs build check install patch-shebangs strip validate-runpath validate-documentation-location delete-info-dir-file patch-dot-desktop-files make-dynamic-linker-cache install-license-files reset-gzip-timestamps compress-documentation)\n" msgstr "" "(add-to-load-path \"/ruta/para/guix/comprobente\")\n" ",use (guix build gnu-build-system)\n" "(map car %standard-phases)\n" "@result{} (set-SOURCE-DATE-EPOCH set-paths install-locale unpack bootstrap patch-usr-bin-file patch-source-shebangs configure patch-generated-file-shebangs build check install patch-shebangs strip validate-runpath validate-documentation-location delete-info-dir-file patch-dot-desktop-files make-dynamic-linker-cache install-license-files reset-gzip-timestamps compress-documentation)\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1294 msgid "If you want to know more about what happens during those phases, consult the associated procedures." msgstr "Si desea conocer más sobre que sucede durante esas fases, consulte los procedimientos asociados." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1297 msgid "For instance, as of this writing the definition of @code{unpack} for the GNU build system is:" msgstr "Para instanciar, como esta escribe la definición de @code{unpack} (desempaquetar) para el sistema compilador de GNU es:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1307 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define* (unpack #:key source #:allow-other-keys)\n" " \"Unpack SOURCE in the working directory, and change directory within the\n" "source. When SOURCE is a directory, copy it in a sub-directory of the current\n" "working directory.\"\n" " (if (file-is-directory? source)\n" " (begin\n" " (mkdir \"source\")\n" " (chdir \"source\")\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define* (unpack #:key source #:allow-other-keys)\n" " \"Unpack SOURCE in the working directory, and change directory within the\n" "source. When SOURCE is a directory, copy it in a sub-directory of the current\n" "working directory.\"\n" " (if (file-is-directory? source)\n" " (begin\n" " (mkdir \"source\")\n" " (chdir \"source\")\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1330 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; Preserve timestamps (set to the Epoch) on the copied tree so that\n" " ;; things work deterministically.\n" " (copy-recursively source \".\"\n" " #:keep-mtime? #t)\n" " ;; Make the source checkout files writable, for convenience.\n" " (for-each (lambda (f)\n" " (false-if-exception (make-file-writable f)))\n" " (find-files \".\")))\n" " (begin\n" " (cond\n" " ((string-suffix? \".zip\" source)\n" " (invoke \"unzip\" source))\n" " ((tarball? source)\n" " (invoke \"tar\" \"xvf\" source))\n" " (else\n" " (let ((name (strip-store-file-name source))\n" " (command (compressor source)))\n" " (copy-file source name)\n" " (when command\n" " (invoke command \"--decompress\" name)))))\n" " ;; Attempt to change into child directory.\n" " (and=> (first-subdirectory \".\") chdir))))\n" msgstr "" " ;; Conserva el sello horario y fecha (pone en la Epoch) en el árbol copiado tal que\n" " ;; las cosas funcionen determinísticamente.\n" " (copy-recursively source \".\"\n" " #:keep-mtime? #t)\n" " ;; Hacer que los archivos fuente sean grabables, por conveniencia.\n" " (for-each (lambda (f)\n" " (false-if-exception (make-file-writable f)))\n" " (find-files \".\")))\n" " (begin\n" " (cond\n" " ((string-suffix? \".zip\" source)\n" " (invoke \"unzip\" source))\n" " ((tarball? source)\n" " (invoke \"tar\" \"xvf\" source))\n" " (else\n" " (let ((name (strip-store-file-name source))\n" " (command (compressor source)))\n" " (copy-file source name)\n" " (when command\n" " (invoke command \"--decompress\" name)))))\n" " ;; Intenta cambiar en directorio heredado.\n" " (and=> (first-subdirectory \".\") chdir))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1338 msgid "Note the @code{chdir} call: it changes the working directory to where the source was unpacked. Thus every phase following the @code{unpack} will use the source as a working directory, which is why we can directly work on the source files. That is to say, unless a later phase changes the working directory to something else." msgstr "Nota la invocación @code{chdir}: modifica el directorio de trabajo para donde la fuente fue desempaquetada. Por tanto cada fase sigue el desempaquetado (@code{unpack}) utilizará la fuente como un directorio de trabajo, el cual es porqué podemos trabajar directamente en los archivos de fuentes. Esto es decir, a no ser que una fase posterior cambia el directorio de trabajo a algo más." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1342 msgid "We modify the list of @code{%standard-phases} of the build system with the @code{modify-phases} macro as per the list of specified modifications, which may have the following forms:" msgstr "Modificamos el listado de fases @code{%standard-phases} del sistema de construcción con la macro @code{modify-phases} como por el listado de modificaciones especificadas, las cuales pueden tener los formularios siguientes:" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1346 msgid "@code{(add-before @var{phase} @var{new-phase} @var{procedure})}: Run @var{procedure} named @var{new-phase} before @var{phase}." msgstr "@code{(add-before @var{phase} @var{new-phase} @var{procedure})}: Ejecute @var{procedure} nombrado @var{new-phase} antes que @var{phase}." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1348 msgid "@code{(add-after @var{phase} @var{new-phase} @var{procedure})}: Same, but afterwards." msgstr "@code{(add-after @var{phase} @var{new-phase} @var{procedure})}: Lo mismo, pero posteriores." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1350 msgid "@code{(replace @var{phase} @var{procedure})}." msgstr "@code{(sustituye @var{phase} @var{procedure})}." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1352 msgid "@code{(delete @var{phase})}." msgstr "@code{(elimina @var{phase})}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1359 msgid "The @var{procedure} supports the keyword arguments @code{inputs} and @code{outputs}. Each input (whether @emph{native}, @emph{propagated} or not) and output directory is referenced by their name in those variables. Thus @code{(assoc-ref outputs \"out\")} is the store directory of the main output of the package. A phase procedure may look like this:" msgstr "La @var{procedimiento} admite los argumentos de palabra clave @code{entradas} y @code{salidas}. Cada directorio de entrada (ya sea @emph{nativo}, @emph{propagado} o no) y salida se referencia por su nombre en esas variables. Así @code{(assoc-ref salidas \"out\")} es el directorio de almacenamiento de la salida principal del paquete. Un procedimiento de fase puede tener este aspecto:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1366 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "(lambda* (#:key inputs outputs #:allow-other-keys)\n" " (let ((bash-directory (assoc-ref inputs \"bash\"))\n" " (output-directory (assoc-ref outputs \"out\"))\n" " (doc-directory (assoc-ref outputs \"doc\")))\n" " ;; ... ))\n" msgstr "" "(lambda* (#:key inputs outputs #:allow-other-keys)\n" " (let ((bash-directory (assoc-ref inputs \"bash\"))\n" " (output-directory (assoc-ref outputs \"out\"))\n" " (doc-directory (assoc-ref outputs \"doc\")))\n" " ;; ... ))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1369 msgid "Its return value is ignored." msgstr "Su valor de retorno se ignora." #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1370 #, no-wrap msgid "Code staging" msgstr "Puesta en escena del código" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1376 msgid "The astute reader may have noticed the quasi-quote and comma syntax in the argument field. Indeed, the build code in the package declaration should not be evaluated on the client side, but only when passed to the Guix daemon. This mechanism of passing code around two running processes is called @uref{https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.00833, code staging}." msgstr "El lector astuto puede haber notado la sintaxis de comillas y comas en el campo de argumentos. De hecho, el código de construcción en la declaración del paquete no debe ser evaluado en el lado del cliente, sino sólo cuando se pasa al daemon Guix. Este mecanismo de pasar código entre dos procesos en ejecución se denomina @uref{https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.00833, code staging}." #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1377 #, no-wrap msgid "Utility functions" msgstr "Funciones de utilidad" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1382 msgid "When customizing @code{phases}, we often need to write code that mimics the equivalent system invocations (@code{make}, @code{mkdir}, @code{cp}, etc.)@: commonly used during regular ``Unix-style'' installations." msgstr "Cuando personalizamos @code{phases}, a menudo necesitamos escribir código que imite las invocaciones equivalentes del sistema (@code{make}, @code{mkdir}, @code{cp}, etc.)@: comúnmente usadas durante instalaciones regulares ``al estilo Unix''." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1385 msgid "Some like @code{chmod} are native to Guile. @xref{,,, guile, Guile reference manual} for a complete list." msgstr "Algunos como @code{chmod} son nativos para Guile. @xref{,,, guile, Manual de referencia de Guile} para un listado completo." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1388 msgid "Guix provides additional helper functions which prove especially handy in the context of package management." msgstr "Proporciona funciones ayudantes adicionales Guix las cual prueba especialmente manipular en el contexto de gestor de paquete." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1392 msgid "Some of those functions can be found in @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/guix/guix/build/utils.scm}. Most of them mirror the behaviour of the traditional Unix system commands:" msgstr "Algunas de estas funciones pueden encontrarse en @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/guix/guix/build/utils.scm}. La mayoría de ellas reflejan el comportamiento de los comandos tradicionales del sistema Unix:" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1394 #, no-wrap msgid "which" msgstr "which" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1396 msgid "Like the @samp{which} system command." msgstr "Como la instrucción del sistema @samp{which}." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1396 #, no-wrap msgid "find-files" msgstr "find-files" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1398 msgid "Akin to the @samp{find} system command." msgstr "Similar al comando de sistema @samp{find}." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1398 #, no-wrap msgid "mkdir-p" msgstr "mkdir-p" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1400 msgid "Like @samp{mkdir -p}, which creates all parents as needed." msgstr "Como @samp{mkdir -p}, que crea todos los padres según sea necesario." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1400 #, no-wrap msgid "install-file" msgstr "install-file" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1404 msgid "Similar to @samp{install} when installing a file to a (possibly non-existing) directory. Guile has @code{copy-file} which works like @samp{cp}." msgstr "Similar a @samp{install} cuando se instala un archivo en un directorio (posiblemente inexistente). Guile tiene @code{copy-file} que funciona como @samp{cp}." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1404 #, no-wrap msgid "copy-recursively" msgstr "copy-recursively" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1406 msgid "Like @samp{cp -r}." msgstr "Como @samp{cp -r}." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1406 #, no-wrap msgid "delete-file-recursively" msgstr "delete-file-recursively" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1408 msgid "Like @samp{rm -rf}." msgstr "Como @samp{rm -rf}." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1408 #, no-wrap msgid "invoke" msgstr "invoke" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1410 msgid "Run an executable. This should be used instead of @code{system*}." msgstr "Ejecuta un ejecutable. Esto sería utilizado en vez de @code{system*}." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1410 #, no-wrap msgid "with-directory-excursion" msgstr "with-directory-excursion" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1413 msgid "Run the body in a different working directory, then restore the previous working directory." msgstr "Ejecuta el cuerpo de un directorio de trabajo diferente, posteriormente restaura el directorio de trabajo anterior." #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1413 #, no-wrap msgid "substitute*" msgstr "substitute*" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1415 msgid "A ``@command{sed}-like'' function." msgstr "Una función ``@command{sed}'' similar." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1419 msgid "@xref{Build Utilities,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for more information on these utilities." msgstr "@xref{Utilidades de construcción,,, guix.es, Manual referencia de GNU Guix}, para más información sobre estas utilidades." #. type: subsubsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1420 #, no-wrap msgid "Module prefix" msgstr "Prefijo módulo" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1430 msgid "The license in our last example needs a prefix: this is because of how the @code{license} module was imported in the package, as @code{#:use-module ((guix licenses) #:prefix license:)}. The Guile module import mechanism (@pxref{Using Guile Modules,,, guile, Guile reference manual}) gives the user full control over namespacing: this is needed to avoid clashes between, say, the @samp{zlib} variable from @samp{licenses.scm} (a @emph{license} value) and the @samp{zlib} variable from @samp{compression.scm} (a @emph{package} value)." msgstr "La licencia en nuestro último ejemplo necesita un prefijo: esto se debe a cómo el módulo @code{license} fue importado en el paquete, como @code{#:use-module ((guix licenses) #:prefix license:)}. El mecanismo de importación de módulos de Guile (@pxref{Uso de módulos Guile,,, guile, Manual de referencia de Guile}) da al usuario control total sobre el espaciado de nombres: esto es necesario para evitar conflictos entre, digamos, la variable @samp{zlib} de @samp{licenses.scm} (un valor @emph{license}) y la variable @samp{zlib} de @samp{compression.scm} (un valor @emph{package})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1439 msgid "What we've seen so far covers the majority of packages using a build system other than the @code{trivial-build-system}. The latter does not automate anything and leaves you to build everything manually. This can be more demanding and we won't cover it here for now, but thankfully it is rarely necessary to fall back on this system." msgstr "Lo que hemos visto hasta ahora cubre la mayoría de los paquetes que utilizan un sistema de construcción distinto del @code{trivial-build-system}. Este último no automatiza nada y te deja construir todo manualmente. Esto puede ser más exigente y no lo cubriremos aquí por ahora, pero afortunadamente rara vez es necesario recurrir a este sistema." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1443 msgid "For the other build systems, such as ASDF, Emacs, Perl, Ruby and many more, the process is very similar to the GNU build system except for a few specialized arguments." msgstr "Para los demás sistemas de construcción, como ASDF, Emacs, Perl, Ruby y muchos más, el proceso es muy similar al del sistema de construcción de GNU, excepto por algunos argumentos especializados." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1448 msgid "@xref{Build Systems,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for more information on build systems, or check the source code in the @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/guix/build} and @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/guix/build-system} directories." msgstr "@xref{Sistemas de construcción,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix}, para más información sobre sistemas de compilación, o consulte el código fuente en los directorios @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/guix/build} y @samp{$GUIX_CHECKOUT/guix/build-system}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1454 msgid "We can't repeat it enough: having a full-fledged programming language at hand empowers us in ways that reach far beyond traditional package management." msgstr "No nos cansaremos de repetirlo: tener a mano un lenguaje de programación completo nos capacita de formas que van mucho más allá de la gestión tradicional de paquetes." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1456 msgid "Let's illustrate this with some awesome features of Guix!" msgstr "Ilustraremos esto con algunas características asombrosas de Guix." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1471 msgid "You might find some build systems good enough that there is little to do at all to write a package, to the point that it becomes repetitive and tedious after a while. A @emph{raison d'être} of computers is to replace human beings at those boring tasks. So let's tell Guix to do this for us and create the package definition of an R package from CRAN (the output is trimmed for conciseness):" msgstr "Puedes encontrar algunos sistemas de construcción lo suficientemente buenos como para que haya poco que hacer para escribir un paquete, hasta el punto de que se vuelve repetitivo y tedioso después de un tiempo. Una @emph{razón de ser} de los ordenadores es reemplazar a los seres humanos en esas tareas aburridas. Así que vamos a decirle a Guix que haga esto por nosotros y cree la definición de paquete de un paquete R desde CRAN (la salida está recortada para ser concisos):" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1474 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix import cran --recursive walrus\n" "\n" msgstr "" "$ guix import cran --recursive walrus\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1478 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public r-mc2d\n" " ; ...\n" " (license gpl2+)))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define-public r-mc2d\n" " ; ...\n" " (license gpl2+)))\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1482 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public r-jmvcore\n" " ; ...\n" " (license gpl2+)))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define-public r-jmvcore\n" " ; ...\n" " (license gpl2+)))\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1486 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public r-wrs2\n" " ; ...\n" " (license gpl3)))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define-public r-wrs2\n" " ; ...\n" " (license gpl3)))\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1512 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public r-walrus\n" " (package\n" " (name \"r-walrus\")\n" " (version \"1.0.3\")\n" " (source\n" " (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (cran-uri \"walrus\" version))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"1nk2glcvy4hyksl5ipq2mz8jy4fss90hx6cq98m3w96kzjni6jjj\"))))\n" " (build-system r-build-system)\n" " (propagated-inputs\n" " (list r-ggplot2 r-jmvcore r-r6 r-wrs2))\n" " (home-page \"https://github.com/jamovi/walrus\")\n" " (synopsis \"Robust Statistical Methods\")\n" " (description\n" " \"This package provides a toolbox of common robust statistical\n" "tests, including robust descriptives, robust t-tests, and robust ANOVA.\n" "It is also available as a module for 'jamovi' (see\n" " for more information). Walrus is based on the\n" "WRS2 package by Patrick Mair, which is in turn based on the scripts and\n" "work of Rand Wilcox. These analyses are described in depth in the book\n" "'Introduction to Robust Estimation & Hypothesis Testing'.\")\n" " (license gpl3)))\n" msgstr "" "(define-public r-walrus\n" " (package\n" " (name \"r-walrus\")\n" " (version \"1.0.3\")\n" " (source\n" " (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (cran-uri \"walrus\" version))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"1nk2glcvy4hyksl5ipq2mz8jy4fss90hx6cq98m3w96kzjni6jjj\"))))\n" " (build-system r-build-system)\n" " (propagated-inputs\n" " (list r-ggplot2 r-jmvcore r-r6 r-wrs2))\n" " (home-page \"https://github.com/jamovi/walrus\")\n" " (synopsis \"Robust Statistical Methods\")\n" " (description\n" " \"Este paquete proporciona una caja de herramientas de pruebas\n" "estadísticas robustas comunes, incluidas las descriptivas robustas,\n" "pruebas-t robustas, y ANOVA robusto.\n" "También está disponible como módulo para 'jamovi' (consulte\n" " para más información). Walrus está baso en el\n" "paquete WRS2 de Patrick Mair, que a su vez se basa en los guiones y\n" "el trabajo de Rand Wilcox. Estos análisis se describen en profundidad en el libro\n" "'Introducción a la estimación robusta y la comprobación de hipótesis'.\")\n" " (licencia gpl3)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1516 msgid "The recursive importer won't import packages for which Guix already has package definitions, except for the very first." msgstr "El importador recursivo no importará paquetes para los que Guix ya tenga definiciones de paquetes, excepto para el primero." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1521 msgid "Not all applications can be packaged this way, only those relying on a select number of supported systems. Read about the full list of importers in the guix import section of the manual (@pxref{Invoking guix import,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "No todas las aplicaciones pueden empaquetarse de esta forma, sólo aquellas que dependen de un número selecto de sistemas soportados. Lea sobre la lista completa de importadores en la sección guix import del manual (@pxref{Invocación de guix import,, guix, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1527 msgid "Guix can be smart enough to check for updates on systems it knows. It can report outdated package definitions with" msgstr "Guix puede ser lo suficientemente inteligente como para buscar actualizaciones en los sistemas que conoce. Puede informar de definiciones de paquetes obsoletas con" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1530 #, no-wrap msgid "$ guix refresh hello\n" msgstr "$ guix refresh hola\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1535 msgid "In most cases, updating a package to a newer version requires little more than changing the version number and the checksum. Guix can do that automatically as well:" msgstr "En la mayoría de los casos, actualizar un paquete a una versión más reciente requiere poco más que cambiar el número de versión y la suma de comprobación. Guix también puede hacerlo automáticamente:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1538 #, no-wrap msgid "$ guix refresh hello --update\n" msgstr "$ guix refresh saludo --update\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1545 msgid "If you've started browsing the existing package definitions, you might have noticed that a significant number of them have a @code{inherit} field:" msgstr "Si has empezado a navegar por las definiciones de paquetes existentes, te habrás dado cuenta de que un número significativo de ellos tienen un campo @code{inherit}:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1560 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public adwaita-icon-theme\n" " (package (inherit gnome-icon-theme)\n" " (name \"adwaita-icon-theme\")\n" " (version \"3.26.1\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (string-append \"mirror://gnome/sources/\" name \"/\"\n" " (version-major+minor version) \"/\"\n" " name \"-\" version \".tar.xz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"17fpahgh5dyckgz7rwqvzgnhx53cx9kr2xw0szprc6bnqy977fi8\"))))\n" " (native-inputs (list `(,gtk+ \"bin\")))))\n" msgstr "" "(define-public adwaita-icon-theme\n" " (package (inherit gnome-icon-theme)\n" " (name \"adwaita-icon-theme\")\n" " (version \"3.26.1\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (string-append \"mirror://gnome/sources/\" name \"/\"\n" " (version-major+minor version) \"/\"\n" " name \"-\" version \".tar.xz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"17fpahgh5dyckgz7rwqvzgnhx53cx9kr2xw0szprc6bnqy977fi8\"))))\n" " (native-inputs (list `(,gtk+ \"bin\")))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1565 msgid "All unspecified fields are inherited from the parent package. This is very convenient to create alternative packages, for instance with different source, version or compilation options." msgstr "Todos los campos no especificados son heredados desde el paquete antecesor. Esto es muy conveniente para crear paquetes alternativos, para instancia con opciones de fuentes, versión o compilación diferentes." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1573 msgid "Sadly, some applications can be tough to package. Sometimes they need a patch to work with the non-standard file system hierarchy enforced by the store. Sometimes the tests won't run properly. (They can be skipped but this is not recommended.) Other times the resulting package won't be reproducible." msgstr "Tristemente, algunas aplicaciones pueden ser cambiadas para empaquetar. Algunas veces necesitan un parche para funcionar con la jerarquía del sistema de archivo no estándar forzadas por el almacenaje. Algunas veces las pruebas no funcionarán apropiadamente. (Pueden ser omitidos pero esto no es lo recomentado.) Otras veces el paquete resultante no sería reproducible." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1576 msgid "Should you be stuck, unable to figure out how to fix any sort of packaging issue, don't hesitate to ask the community for help." msgstr "Estaría atascado, incapaz de figurar como reparar cualquier breve problema de empaquetado, no dude preguntar a la comunidad para ayuda." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1578 msgid "See the @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/contact/, Guix homepage} for information on the mailing lists, IRC, etc." msgstr "Consulte la @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/contact/, página inicial de Guix} para información sobre los listados de correo, IRC, etc." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1586 msgid "This tutorial was a showcase of the sophisticated package management that Guix boasts. At this point we have mostly restricted this introduction to the @code{gnu-build-system} which is a core abstraction layer on which more advanced abstractions are based." msgstr "Este tutorial fue una muestra de caso de la gestión de empaquetado sofisticado que lleva Guix. En este punto estamos restringidos mayormente esta introducción sobre el @code{gnu-system} el cual es una capa de abstracción del núcleo en el cual están basadas más abstracciones avanzadas." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1591 msgid "Where do we go from here? Next we ought to dissect the innards of the build system by removing all abstractions, using the @code{trivial-build-system}: this should give us a thorough understanding of the process before investigating some more advanced packaging techniques and edge cases." msgstr "¿donde vamos desde aquí? Siguiente quisimos deseccionar los internas del sistema de construcción eliminando todas las abstracciones, utilizando el @code{trivial-build-system}: esto nos proporcionaría una comprensión a través del proceso antes de investigar algunas técnicas de empaquetado más avanzado y casos del borde." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1594 msgid "Other features worth exploring are the interactive editing and debugging capabilities of Guix provided by the Guile REPL@." msgstr "Otras características los cuales exploran son la interactividad editanto y depurando capacidades de Guix proporcionadas por el REPL@ de Guile." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1599 msgid "Those fancy features are completely optional and can wait; now is a good time to take a well-deserved break. With what we've introduced here you should be well armed to package lots of programs. You can get started right away and hopefully we will see your contributions soon!" msgstr "Esas características de lujo son completamente opcionales y pueden esperar; ahora es un buen momento para tomarse un merecido descanso. Con lo que hemos presentado aquí deberías estar bien armado para empaquetar muchos programas. Puede empezar ahora mismo y esperamos ver pronto sus contribuciones." #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1606 msgid "The @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/manual/en/html_node/Defining-Packages.html, package reference in the manual}" msgstr "La @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/manual/es/html_node/Definicion-de-paquetes.html, referencia de paquete dentro del manual}" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1609 msgid "@uref{https://gitlab.com/pjotrp/guix-notes/blob/master/HACKING.org, Pjotr’s hacking guide to GNU Guix}" msgstr "@uref{https://gitlab.com/pjotrp/guix-notes/blob/master/HACKING.org, La guía de jaqueo de Pjotr para GNU Guix}" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1612 msgid "@uref{https://guix.gnu.org/guix-ghm-andreas-20130823.pdf, ``GNU Guix: Package without a scheme!''}, by Andreas Enge" msgstr "@uref{https://guix.gnu.org/guix-ghm-andreas-20130823.pdf, ``GNU Guix: ¡Paquete sin un scheme!''}, de Andreas Enge" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1620 msgid "The following sections provide real-life examples on working with specific build systems, serving as extensions to the concise packaging guidelines (@pxref{Packaging Guidelines,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1629 msgid "In preparation, add the following packages to our environment:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1632 #, no-wrap msgid "$ guix shell rust rust:cargo cargo-audit cargo-license\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1646 msgid "In this example, we'll package @code{cargo-audit}, which is published on the @uref{https://crates.io, crates.io} Rust package repository. All its dependencies are on crates.io as well." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1652 msgid "Since @code{cargo-audit} is available on crates.io, we can generate a template via the crates.io importer (@pxref{Invoking guix import,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}):" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1655 #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "" #| "$ guix import cran --recursive walrus\n" #| "\n" msgid "$ guix import crate cargo-audit\n" msgstr "" "$ guix import cran --recursive walrus\n" "\n" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1658 msgid "After manual editing, we'll have the following definiton:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1680 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public cargo-audit\n" " (package\n" " (name \"cargo-audit\")\n" " (version \"0.21.2\")\n" " (source\n" " (origin\n" " (method url-fetch)\n" " (uri (crate-uri \"cargo-audit\" version))\n" " (file-name (string-append name \"-\" version \".tar.gz\"))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32 \"1a00yqpckkw86zh2hg7ra82c5fx0ird5766dyynimbvqiwg2ps0n\"))))\n" " (build-system cargo-build-system)\n" " (arguments (list #:install-source? #f))\n" " (inputs (cargo-inputs 'cargo-audit))\n" " (home-page \"https://rustsec.org/\")\n" " (synopsis \"Audit Cargo.lock for crates with security vulnerabilities\")\n" " (description\n" " \"This package provides a Cargo subcommand, @@command@{cargo audit@}, to\n" "audit @@file@{Cargo.lock@} for crates with security vulnerabilities.\")\n" " (license (list license:asl2.0 license:expat))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1685 msgid "The identifier used to invoke @code{cargo-inputs}, in this case @code{'cargo-audit}, must be unique, usually matching the variable name of the package." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1689 msgid "Unpack package source and navigate to the unpacked directory, then run the following commands:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1694 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ cargo generate-lockfile\n" "$ cargo audit\n" "$ cargo license\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1701 msgid "@command{cargo generate-lockfile} updates dependencies to compatible versions. Applying it to all Rust applications helps reduce a great number of Rust libraries we need to check later. Although sometimes libraries may fail to follow the @uref{https://semver.org/, semantic versioning} scheme, it's still acceptable." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1707 msgid "@command{cargo audit} checks known vulnerabilities and @command{cargo license} checks licenses, for all the dependencies. We must have an acceptable output of @command{cargo audit} and ensure all dependencies are licensed with our supported licenses (@pxref{Defining Packages,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1710 msgid "Import dependencies from the generated lockfile:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1714 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix import --insert=gnu/packages/rust-crates.scm \\\n" " crate --lockfile=/path/to/Cargo.lock cargo-audit\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1719 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Or use short options, in this case the shell processes file names\n" "# before passing them to Guix, allowing tilde expansion, for example.\n" "$ guix import -i gnu/packages/rust-crates.scm \\\n" " crate -f /path/to/Cargo.lock cargo-audit\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1723 msgid "@code{cargo-audit} here must be consistent with the identifier used for @code{cargo-inputs} invocation in the package definition." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1725 msgid "At this stage, the package @code{cargo-audit} is buildable." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1733 msgid "Finally we'll unbundle the vendored dependencies. The lockfile importer inserts @code{TODO:} comments for libraries with high probability of bundled dependencies. @code{cargo-build-system} also performs additional check for binary files in its @code{check-for-pregenerated-files} phase, which usually indicates bundling:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1748 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ./pre-inst-env guix build cargo-audit\n" "@dots{}\n" "starting phase `check-for-pregenerated-files'\n" "Searching for binary files...\n" "./guix-vendor/rust-async-compression-0.4.21.tar.gz/tests/artifacts/dictionary-rust\n" "./guix-vendor/rust-async-compression-0.4.21.tar.gz/tests/artifacts/dictionary-rust-other\n" "./guix-vendor/rust-async-compression-0.4.21.tar.gz/tests/artifacts/lib.rs.zst\n" "./guix-vendor/rust-async-compression-0.4.21.tar.gz/tests/artifacts/long-window-size-lib.rs.zst\n" "./guix-vendor/rust-winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu-0.4.0.tar.gz/lib/libwinapi_aclui.a\n" "./guix-vendor/rust-winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu-0.4.0.tar.gz/lib/libwinapi_activeds.a\n" "./guix-vendor/rust-winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu-0.4.0.tar.gz/lib/libwinapi_asycfilt.a\n" "./guix-vendor/rust-winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu-0.4.0.tar.gz/lib/libwinapi_amsi.a\n" "@dots{}\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1752 msgid "Although Rust libraries are not publicly exported, we can still select them via the Guix command-line interface via a Guile expression:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1755 #, no-wrap msgid "$ guix build --expression='(@@@@ (gnu packages rust-crates) rust-ring-0.17.14)'\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1758 msgid "To unbundle most dependencies, a snippet is sufficient:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1764 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define rust-curl-sys-0.4.80+curl-8.12.1\n" " (crate-source \"curl-sys\" \"0.4.80+curl-8.12.1\"\n" " \"0d7ppx4kq77hc5nyff6jydmfabpgd0i3ppjvn8x0q833mhpdzxsm\"\n" " #:snippet '(delete-file-recursively \"curl\")))\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1779 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define rust-bzip2-sys-0.1.13+1.0.8\n" " (crate-source \"bzip2-sys\" \"0.1.13+1.0.8\"\n" " \"056c39pgjh4272bdslv445f5ry64xvb0f7nph3z7860ln8rzynr2\"\n" " #:snippet\n" " '(begin\n" " (delete-file-recursively \"bzip2-1.0.8\")\n" " (delete-file \"build.rs\")\n" " (with-output-to-file \"build.rs\"\n" " (lambda _\n" " (format #t \"fn main() @{~@@\n" " println!(\\\"cargo:rustc-link-lib=bz2\\\");~@@\n" " @}~%\"))))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1784 msgid "In a more complex case, where unbundling one dependency requires a build process that involves other packages, we should make a full package in @code{(gnu packages rust-sources)} first and reference it in the imported definition." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1788 msgid "For example, we have defined a @code{rust-ring-0.17} in @code{(gnu packages rust-sources)}, then the imported definition in @code{(gnu packages rust-crates)} should be modified to reference it." msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1791 #, no-wrap msgid "(define rust-ring-0.17.14 rust-ring-0.17)\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1794 msgid "When one dependency can be safely removed, modify it to @code{#f}." msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1797 #, no-wrap msgid "(define rust-openssl-src-300.4.2+3.4.1 #f)\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1801 msgid "To facilitate various tasks in the common workflow, several scripts are provided in the @file{etc/teams/rust} directory of Guix source tree." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1808 msgid "In this example, we'll package @code{niri}, which depends on development snapshots (also Cargo workspaces here)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1812 msgid "As we can't ensure compatibility of a development snapshot, before executing @command{cargo generate-lockfile}, we should modify @file{Cargo.toml} to pin it to a known working revision." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1816 msgid "To use our packaged development snapshots, it's also necessary to modify @file{Cargo.toml} in a build phase, with a package-specific substitution pattern." msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1865 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public niri\n" " (package\n" " (name \"niri\")\n" " (version \"25.02\")\n" " (source (origin\n" " (method git-fetch)\n" " (uri (git-reference\n" " (url \"https://github.com/YaLTeR/niri\")\n" " (commit (string-append \"v\" version))))\n" " (file-name (git-file-name name version))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32\n" " \"0vzskaalcz6pcml687n54adjddzgf5r07gggc4fhfsa08h1wfd4r\"))))\n" " (build-system cargo-build-system)\n" " (arguments\n" " (list #:install-source? #f\n" " #:phases\n" " #~(modify-phases %standard-phases\n" " (add-after 'unpack 'use-guix-vendored-dependencies\n" " (lambda _\n" " (substitute* \"Cargo.toml\"\n" " ((\"# version =.*\")\n" " \"version = \\\"*\\\"\")\n" " ((\"git.*optional\")\n" " \"version = \\\"*\\\", optional\")\n" " ((\"^git = .*\")\n" " \"\")))))))\n" " (native-inputs\n" " (list pkg-config))\n" " (inputs\n" " (cons* clang\n" " libdisplay-info\n" " libinput-minimal\n" " libseat\n" " libxkbcommon\n" " mesa\n" " pango\n" " pipewire\n" " wayland\n" " (cargo-inputs 'niri)))\n" " (home-page \"https://github.com/YaLTeR/niri\")\n" " (synopsis \"Scrollable-tiling Wayland compositor\")\n" " (description\n" " \"Niri is a scrollable-tiling Wayland compositor which arranges windows in a\n" "scrollable format. It is considered stable for daily use and performs most\n" "functions expected of a Wayland compositor.\")\n" " (license license:gpl3+)))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1870 msgid "@code{niri} has Cargo workspace dependencies. When packaging a Cargo workspace dependency, parameter @code{#:cargo-package-crates} is required." msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1897 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public rust-pipewire-0.8.0.fd3d8f7\n" " (let ((commit \"fd3d8f7861a29c2eeaa4c393402e013578bb36d9\")\n" " (revision \"0\"))\n" " (package\n" " (name \"rust-pipewire\")\n" " (version (git-version \"0.8.0\" revision commit))\n" " (source\n" " (origin\n" " (method git-fetch)\n" " (uri (git-reference\n" " (url \"https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/pipewire/pipewire-rs.git\")\n" " (commit commit)))\n" " (file-name (git-file-name name version))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32 \"1hzyhz7xg0mz8a5y9j6yil513p1m610q3j9pzf6q55vdh5mcn79v\"))))\n" " (build-system cargo-build-system)\n" " (arguments\n" " (list #:skip-build? #t\n" " #:cargo-package-crates\n" " ''(\"libspa-sys\" \"libspa\" \"pipewire-sys\" \"pipewire\")))\n" " (inputs (cargo-inputs 'rust-pipewire-0.8.0.fd3d8f7))\n" " (home-page \"https://pipewire.org/\")\n" " (synopsis \"Rust bindings for PipeWire\")\n" " (description \"This package provides Rust bindings for PipeWire.\")\n" " (license license:expat))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1901 msgid "Don't forget to modify all workspace members in @code{(gnu packages rust-crates)}:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1908 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define rust-pipewire-0.8.0.fd3d8f7 rust-pipewire-0.8.0.fd3d8f7)\n" "(define rust-pipewire-sys-0.8.0.fd3d8f7 rust-pipewire-0.8.0.fd3d8f7)\n" "@dots{}\n" "(define rust-libspa-0.8.0.fd3d8f7 rust-pipewire-0.8.0.fd3d8f7)\n" "(define rust-libspa-sys-0.8.0.fd3d8f7 rust-pipewire-0.8.0.fd3d8f7)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1915 msgid "In this example, we'll package @code{libchewing}, which combines two build systems." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1919 msgid "When building Rust packages in other build systems, we need to add @code{rust}, and @code{rust:cargo} to @code{native-inputs}, import and use modules from both build systems, and apply necessary build phases from @code{cargo-build-system}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1923 msgid "For cross-compilation support, we'll also add @code{rust-sysroot} created with @code{(make-rust-sysroot (%current-target-system))} to @code{native-inputs}, and set @code{#:cargo-target} for @code{cargo-build-system}'s build phases." msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1976 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public libchewing\n" " (package\n" " (name \"libchewing\")\n" " (version \"0.9.1\")\n" " (source\n" " (origin\n" " (method git-fetch)\n" " (uri (git-reference\n" " (url \"https://github.com/chewing/libchewing\")\n" " (commit (string-append \"v\" version))))\n" " (file-name (git-file-name name version))\n" " (sha256\n" " (base32 \"0gh64wvrk5pn0fhmpvj1j99d5g7f7697rk96zbkc8l72yjr819z5\"))))\n" " (build-system cmake-build-system)\n" " (arguments\n" " (list #:imported-modules\n" " (append %cmake-build-system-modules\n" " %cargo-build-system-modules)\n" " #:modules\n" " '(((guix build cargo-build-system) #:prefix cargo:)\n" " (guix build cmake-build-system)\n" " (guix build utils))\n" " #:phases\n" " #~(modify-phases %standard-phases\n" " (add-after 'unpack 'prepare-cargo-build-system\n" " (lambda args\n" " (for-each\n" " (lambda (phase)\n" " (format #t \"Running cargo phase: ~a~%\" phase)\n" " (apply (assoc-ref cargo:%standard-phases phase)\n" " ;; For cross-compilation.\n" " #:cargo-target #$(cargo-triplet)\n" " args))\n" " '(unpack-rust-crates\n" " configure\n" " check-for-pregenerated-files\n" " patch-cargo-checksums)))))))\n" " (native-inputs\n" " (append\n" " (list rust `(,rust \"cargo\") )\n" " ;; For cross-compilation.\n" " (or (and=> (%current-target-system)\n" " (compose list make-rust-sysroot))\n" " '())))\n" " (inputs\n" " (cons* corrosion ncurses sqlite (cargo-inputs 'libchewing)))\n" " (synopsis \"Chinese phonetic input method\")\n" " (description \"Chewing is an intelligent phonetic (Zhuyin/Bopomofo) input\n" "method, one of the most popular choices for Traditional Chinese users.\")\n" " (home-page \"https://chewing.im/\")\n" " (license license:lgpl2.1+)))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1986 msgid "Guix offers a flexible language for declaratively configuring your Guix System. This flexibility can at times be overwhelming. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate some advanced configuration concepts." msgstr "Guix ofrece un lenguaje flexible para configurar de forma declarativa su sistema Guix. Esta flexibilidad puede resultar a veces abrumadora. El propósito de este capítulo es demostrar algunos conceptos avanzados de configuración." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:1989 msgid "@pxref{System Configuration,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual} for a complete reference." msgstr "@pxref{Configuración del sistema,,, guix, Manual Referencial de GNU Guix} para una referencia completa." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2016 msgid "While the Guix manual explains auto-login one user to @emph{all} TTYs (@pxref{auto-login to TTY,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}), some might prefer a situation, in which one user is logged into one TTY with the other TTYs either configured to login different users or no one at all. Note that one can auto-login one user to any TTY, but it is usually advisable to avoid @code{tty1}, which, by default, is used to log warnings and errors." msgstr "Mientras que el manual de Guix explica el auto-login de un usuario a @emph{all} TTYs (@pxref{auto-login to TTY,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}), algunos pueden preferir una situación, en la que un usuario se registra en un TTY con los otros TTYs configurados para registrar diferentes usuarios o ninguno en absoluto. Tenga en cuenta que uno puede auto-login un usuario a cualquier TTY, pero por lo general es aconsejable evitar @code{tty1}, que, por defecto, se utiliza para registrar advertencias y errores." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2018 msgid "Here is how one might set up auto login for one user to one tty:" msgstr "Así es como se puede configurar el inicio de sesión automático para un usuario en un tty:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2026 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define (auto-login-to-tty config tty user)\n" " (if (string=? tty (mingetty-configuration-tty config))\n" " (mingetty-configuration\n" " (inherit config)\n" " (auto-login user))\n" " config))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define (auto-login-to-tty config tty user)\n" " (if (string=? tty (mingetty-configuration-tty config))\n" " (mingetty-configuration\n" " (inherit config)\n" " (auto-login user))\n" " config))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2033 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define %my-services\n" " (modify-services %base-services\n" " ;; @dots{}\n" " (mingetty-service-type config =>\n" " (auto-login-to-tty\n" " config \"tty3\" \"alice\"))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define %mis-servicios\n" " (modify-services %base-services\n" " ;; @dots{}\n" " (mingetty-service-type config =>\n" " (auto-login-to-tty\n" " config \"tty3\" \"alice\"))))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2037 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; @dots{}\n" " (services %my-services))\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; @dots{}\n" " (services %mis-servicios))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2042 msgid "One could also @code{compose} (@pxref{Higher-Order Functions,,, guile, The Guile Reference Manual}) @code{auto-login-to-tty} to login multiple users to multiple ttys." msgstr "También se podría @code{compose} (@pxref{Higher-Order Functions,,, guile, The Guile Reference Manual}) @code{auto-login-to-tty} para iniciar sesión de múltiples usuarios en múltiples ttys." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2049 msgid "Finally, here is a note of caution. Setting up auto login to a TTY, means that anyone can turn on your computer and run commands as your regular user. However, if you have an encrypted root partition, and thus already need to enter a passphrase when the system boots, auto-login might be a convenient option." msgstr "Por último, una nota de precaución. Configurar el inicio de sesión automático en un TTY, significa que cualquiera puede encender tu ordenador y ejecutar comandos como tu usuario habitual. Sin embargo, si tienes una partición raíz cifrada, y por lo tanto ya necesitas introducir una frase de contraseña cuando se inicia el sistema, el inicio de sesión automático puede ser una opción conveniente." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2061 msgid "Guix is, at its core, a source based distribution with substitutes (@pxref{Substitutes,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}), and as such building packages from their source code is an expected part of regular package installations and upgrades. Given this starting point, it makes sense that efforts are made to reduce the amount of time spent compiling packages, and recent changes and upgrades to the building and distribution of substitutes continues to be a topic of discussion within Guix." msgstr "Guix es, en su núcleo, una distribución basada en fuentes con sustituciones (@pxref{Sustituciones,,, guix.es, Manual referencial de GNU Guix}), y como tal la construcción de paquetes desde su código fuente es una parte esperada de las instalaciones y actualizaciones regulares de paquetes. Dado este punto de partida, tiene sentido que se hagan esfuerzos para reducir la cantidad de tiempo dedicado a la compilación de paquetes, y los recientes cambios y actualizaciones en la construcción y distribución de sustitutos sigue siendo un tema de discusión dentro de Guix." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2067 msgid "The kernel, while not requiring an overabundance of RAM to build, does take a rather long time on an average machine. The official kernel configuration, as is the case with many GNU/Linux distributions, errs on the side of inclusiveness, and this is really what causes the build to take such a long time when the kernel is built from source." msgstr "El núcleo, aunque no requiere una sobreabundancia de RAM para construirse, tarda bastante tiempo en una máquina media. La configuración oficial del kernel, como es el caso de muchas distribuciones GNU/Linux, peca de inclusiva, y esto es realmente lo que hace que la construcción tarde tanto tiempo cuando el kernel se compila desde el código fuente." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2072 msgid "The Linux kernel, however, can also just be described as a regular old package, and as such can be customized just like any other package. The procedure is a little bit different, although this is primarily due to the nature of how the package definition is written." msgstr "El núcleo de Linux, sin embargo, también puede describirse como un paquete normal y corriente, y como tal puede personalizarse como cualquier otro paquete. El procedimiento es un poco diferente, aunque esto se debe principalmente a la naturaleza de cómo está escrita la definición del paquete." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2075 msgid "The @code{linux-libre} kernel package definition is actually a procedure which creates a package." msgstr "La definición del paquete del núcleo @code{linux-libre} es en realidad un procedimiento que crea un paquete." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2086 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define* (make-linux-libre* version gnu-revision source supported-systems\n" " #:key\n" " (extra-version #f)\n" " ;; A function that takes an arch and a variant.\n" " ;; See kernel-config for an example.\n" " (configuration-file #f)\n" " (defconfig \"defconfig\")\n" " (extra-options (default-extra-linux-options version)))\n" " ...)\n" msgstr "" "(define* (make-linux-libre* version gnu-revision source supported-systems\n" " #:key\n" " (extra-version #f)\n" " ;; Una función que toma un arco y una variante.\n" " ;; Consulte kernel-config para ver un ejemplo.\n" " (configuration-file #f)\n" " (defconfig \"defconfig\")\n" " (extra-options (default-extra-linux-options version)))\n" " ...)\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2090 msgid "The current @code{linux-libre} package is for the 5.15.x series, and is declared like this:" msgstr "El paquete @code{linux-libre} actual es para la serie 5.15.x, y se declara así:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2099 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public linux-libre-5.15\n" " (make-linux-libre* linux-libre-5.15-version\n" " linux-libre-5.15-gnu-revision\n" " linux-libre-5.15-source\n" " '(\"x86_64-linux\" \"i686-linux\" \"armhf-linux\"\n" " \"aarch64-linux\" \"riscv64-linux\")\n" " #:configuration-file kernel-config))\n" msgstr "" "(define-public linux-libre-5.15\n" " (make-linux-libre* linux-libre-5.15-version\n" " linux-libre-5.15-gnu-revision\n" " linux-libre-5.15-source\n" " '(\"x86_64-linux\" \"i686-linux\" \"armhf-linux\"\n" " \"aarch64-linux\" \"riscv64-linux\")\n" " #:configuration-file kernel-config))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2106 msgid "Any keys which are not assigned values inherit their default value from the @code{make-linux-libre} definition. When comparing the two snippets above, notice the code comment that refers to @code{#:configuration-file}. Because of this, it is not actually easy to include a custom kernel configuration from the definition, but don't worry, there are other ways to work with what we do have." msgstr "Cualquier clave a la que no se le asignen valores hereda su valor por defecto de la definición @code{make-linux-libre}. Al comparar los dos fragmentos anteriores, observe el comentario de código que hace referencia a @code{#:configuration-file}. Debido a esto, en realidad no es fácil incluir una configuración personalizada del kernel desde la definición, pero no te preocupes, hay otras maneras de trabajar con lo que tenemos." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2114 #, fuzzy #| msgid "There are two ways to create a kernel with a custom kernel configuration. The first is to provide a standard @file{defconfig} to @code{customize-linux} procedure. To produce such file you need to obtain Linux source code, create a @file{.config} file (using @code{make menuconfig} command, for example) or provide one you already have. After that you will need to run @code{make savedefconfig} command within the kernel source tree---this will produce the @file{defconfig} file which we can be used to build a custom kernel." msgid "There are two ways to create a kernel with a custom kernel configuration. The first is to provide a standard @file{defconfig} to @code{customize-linux} procedure. To produce such file you need to obtain Linux source code, create a @file{.config} file (using @code{make menuconfig} command, for example) or provide one you already have. After that you will need to run @code{make savedefconfig} command within the kernel source tree---this will produce the @file{defconfig} file which we will use to build a custom kernel." msgstr "Hay dos formas de crear un núcleo con una configuración personalizada. La primera es proporcionar un @file{defconfig} estándar al procedimiento @code{customize-linux}. Para producir dicho archivo necesita obtener el código fuente de Linux, crear un archivo @file{.config} (usando el comando @code{make menuconfig}, por ejemplo) o proporcionar uno que ya tenga. Después tendrá que ejecutar el comando @code{make savedefconfig} dentro del árbol de código fuente del kernel - esto producirá el archivo @file{defconfig} que podemos utilizar para construir un kernel personalizado." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2116 msgid "Below is a sample kernel package." msgstr "A continuación se muestra un paquete de núcleo de muestra." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2125 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public my-linux-libre\n" " (package\n" " (inherit (customize-linux\n" " #:linux linux-libre\n" " #:defconfig\n" " (local-file \"defconfig\")))\n" " (name \"my-linux-libre\")))\n" msgstr "" "(define-public my-linux-libre\n" " (package\n" " (inherit (customize-linux\n" " #:linux linux-libre\n" " #:defconfig\n" " (local-file \"defconfig\")))\n" " (name \"mi-linux-libre\")))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2130 msgid "In the same directory as the file defining @code{my-linux-libre} is a file named @file{defconfig}. This way you can provide kernel options you want to have in the result kernel." msgstr "En el mismo directorio que el fichero que define @code{my-linux-libre} hay un fichero llamado @file{defconfig}. De esta manera usted puede proporcionar opciones del kernel que desea tener en el kernel resultante." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2135 msgid "The second way to create a custom kernel is to pass a new value to the @code{extra-options} keyword of the @code{make-linux-libre} procedure. The @code{extra-options} keyword works with another function defined right below it:" msgstr "La segunda forma de crear un núcleo personalizado es pasar un nuevo valor a la palabra clave @code{extra-options} del procedimiento @code{make-linux-libre}. La palabra clave @code{extra-options} trabaja con otra función definida justo debajo de ella:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2151 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define (default-extra-linux-options version)\n" " `(;; https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/guix-devel/2014-04/msg00039.html\n" " (\"CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES\" . #true)\n" " ;; Modules required for initrd:\n" " (\"CONFIG_NET_9P\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_NET_9P_VIRTIO\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_NET\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_PCI\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_BALLOON\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_MMIO\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_FUSE_FS\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_CIFS\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_9P_FS\" . m)))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define (default-extra-linux-options version)\n" " `(;; https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/guix-devel/2014-04/msg00039.html\n" " (\"CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES\" . #true)\n" " ;; Módulos necesarios para initrd:\n" " (\"CONFIG_NET_9P\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_NET_9P_VIRTIO\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_NET\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_PCI\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_BALLOON\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_VIRTIO_MMIO\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_FUSE_FS\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_CIFS\" . m)\n" " (\"CONFIG_9P_FS\" . m)))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2162 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define (config->string options)\n" " (string-join (map (match-lambda\n" " ((option . 'm)\n" " (string-append option \"=m\"))\n" " ((option . #true)\n" " (string-append option \"=y\"))\n" " ((option . #false)\n" " (string-append option \"=n\")))\n" " options)\n" " \"\\n\"))\n" msgstr "" "(define (config->string options)\n" " (string-join (map (match-lambda\n" " ((option . 'm)\n" " (string-append option \"=m\"))\n" " ((option . #true)\n" " (string-append option \"=y\"))\n" " ((option . #false)\n" " (string-append option \"=n\")))\n" " options)\n" " \"\\n\"))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2165 msgid "And in the custom configure script from the `make-linux-libre` package:" msgstr "Y en el script de configuración personalizado del paquete `make-linux-libre`:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2173 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; Appending works even when the option wasn't in the\n" ";; file. The last one prevails if duplicated.\n" "(let ((port (open-file \".config\" \"a\"))\n" " (extra-configuration ,(config->string extra-options)))\n" " (display extra-configuration port)\n" " (close-port port))\n" "\n" msgstr "" ";; La aplicación funciona incluso cuando la opción no estaba\n" ";; en el archivo. El último prevalece si se duplica.\n" "(let ((port (open-file \".config\" \"a\"))\n" " (extra-configuration ,(config->string extra-options)))\n" " (display extra-configuration port)\n" " (close-port port))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2175 #, no-wrap msgid "(invoke \"make\" \"oldconfig\")\n" msgstr "(invoke \"make\" \"oldconfig\")\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2180 msgid "So by not providing a configuration-file the @file{.config} starts blank, and then we write into it the collection of flags that we want. Here's another custom kernel:" msgstr "Así que al no proporcionar un archivo de configuración el @file{.config} comienza en blanco, y luego escribimos en él la colección de indicadores que queremos. Aquí hay otro kernel personalizado:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2188 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define %macbook41-full-config\n" " (append %macbook41-config-options\n" " %file-systems\n" " %efi-support\n" " %emulation\n" " ((@@@@ (gnu packages linux) default-extra-linux-options) version)))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(define %macbook41-full-config\n" " (append %macbook41-config-options\n" " %file-systems\n" " %efi-support\n" " %emulation\n" " ((@@@@ (gnu packages linux) default-extra-linux-options) version)))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2199 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public linux-libre-macbook41\n" " ;; XXX: Access the internal 'make-linux-libre*' procedure, which is\n" " ;; private and unexported, and is liable to change in the future.\n" " ((@@@@ (gnu packages linux) make-linux-libre*)\n" " (@@@@ (gnu packages linux) linux-libre-version)\n" " (@@@@ (gnu packages linux) linux-libre-gnu-revision)\n" " (@@@@ (gnu packages linux) linux-libre-source)\n" " '(\"x86_64-linux\")\n" " #:extra-version \"macbook41\"\n" " #:extra-options %macbook41-config-options))\n" msgstr "" "(define-public linux-libre-macbook41\n" " ;; XXX: Accede al procedimiento interno 'make-linux-libre*', que es\n" " ;; privado y no tiene soporte, y es susceptible de cambiar en el futuro.\n" " ((@@@@ (gnu packages linux) make-linux-libre*)\n" " (@@@@ (gnu packages linux) linux-libre-version)\n" " (@@@@ (gnu packages linux) linux-libre-gnu-revision)\n" " (@@@@ (gnu packages linux) linux-libre-source)\n" " '(\"x86_64-linux\")\n" " #:extra-version \"macbook41\"\n" " #:extra-options %macbook41-config-options))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2207 msgid "In the above example @code{%file-systems} is a collection of flags enabling different file system support, @code{%efi-support} enables EFI support and @code{%emulation} enables a x86_64-linux machine to act in 32-bit mode also. The @code{default-extra-linux-options} procedure is the one defined above, which had to be used to avoid losing the default configuration options of the @code{extra-options} keyword." msgstr "En el ejemplo anterior @code{%file-systems} es una colección de indicadores que habilitan el soporte de diferentes sistemas de archivos, @code{%efi-support} habilita el soporte EFI y @code{%emulation} permite que una máquina x86_64-linux actúe también en modo de 32 bits. El procedimiento @code{default-extra-linux-options} es el definido anteriormente, que tuvo que ser utilizado para evitar perder las opciones de configuración por defecto de la palabra clave @code{extra-options}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2216 msgid "This all sounds like it should be doable, but how does one even know which modules are required for a particular system? Two places that can be helpful in trying to answer this question is the @uref{https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Kernel, Gentoo Handbook} and the @uref{https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/README.html?highlight=localmodconfig, documentation from the kernel itself}. From the kernel documentation, it seems that @code{make localmodconfig} is the command we want." msgstr "Todo esto suena como que debería ser factible, pero ¿cómo se sabe siquiera qué módulos son necesarios para un sistema en particular? Dos lugares que pueden ser útiles para intentar responder a esta pregunta son el @uref{https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Kernel, Manual Gentoo} y el @uref{https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/README.html?highlight=localmodconfig, documentación del propio kernel}. De la documentación del kernel, parece que @code{make localmodconfig} es el comando que queremos." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2219 msgid "In order to actually run @code{make localmodconfig} we first need to get and unpack the kernel source code:" msgstr "Para poder ejecutar @code{make localmodconfig} primero necesitamos obtener y desempaquetar el código fuente del kernel:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2222 #, no-wrap msgid "tar xf $(guix build linux-libre --source)\n" msgstr "tar xf $(guix build linux-libre --source)\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2229 msgid "Once inside the directory containing the source code run @code{touch .config} to create an initial, empty @file{.config} to start with. @code{make localmodconfig} works by seeing what you already have in @file{.config} and letting you know what you're missing. If the file is blank then you're missing everything. The next step is to run:" msgstr "Una vez dentro del directorio que contiene el código fuente ejecute @code{touch .config} para crear un @file{.config} inicial vacío con el que empezar. @code{make localmodconfig} funciona viendo lo que ya tiene en @file{.config} y le informa de lo que le falta. Si el archivo está en blanco entonces te falta todo. El siguiente paso es ejecutar:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2232 #, no-wrap msgid "guix shell -D linux-libre -- make localmodconfig\n" msgstr "guix shell -D linux-libre -- make localmodconfig\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2237 msgid "and note the output. Do note that the @file{.config} file is still empty. The output generally contains two types of warnings. The first start with \"WARNING\" and can actually be ignored in our case. The second read:" msgstr "y observe la salida. Tenga en cuenta que el archivo @file{.config} sigue estando vacío. La salida contiene generalmente dos tipos de advertencias. La primera empieza por \"WARNING\" y puede ignorarse en nuestro caso. El segundo dice:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2240 #, no-wrap msgid "module pcspkr did not have configs CONFIG_INPUT_PCSPKR\n" msgstr "módulo pcspkr no tenía configuración CONFIG_INPUT_PCSPKR\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2245 msgid "For each of these lines, copy the @code{CONFIG_XXXX_XXXX} portion into the @file{.config} in the directory, and append @code{=m}, so in the end it looks like this:" msgstr "Para cada una de estas líneas, copia la parte @code{CONFIG_XXXX_XXXX} en el @file{.config} del directorio, y añade @code{=m}, para que al final quede así:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2249 #, no-wrap msgid "" "CONFIG_INPUT_PCSPKR=m\n" "CONFIG_VIRTIO=m\n" msgstr "" "CONFIG_INPUT_PCSPKR=m\n" "CONFIG_VIRTIO=m\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2258 msgid "After copying all the configuration options, run @code{make localmodconfig} again to make sure that you don't have any output starting with ``module''. After all of these machine specific modules there are a couple more left that are also needed. @code{CONFIG_MODULES} is necessary so that you can build and load modules separately and not have everything built into the kernel. @code{CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD} is required for reading from hard drives. It is possible that there are other modules which you will need." msgstr "Después de copiar todas las opciones de configuración, ejecute @code{make localmodconfig} de nuevo para asegurarse de que no tiene ninguna salida que empiece por ``module''. Después de todos estos módulos específicos de la máquina quedan un par más que también son necesarios. @code{CONFIG_MODULES} es necesario para que pueda construir y cargar módulos por separado y no tener todo integrado en el núcleo. @code{CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD} es necesario para leer de discos duros. Es posible que haya otros módulos que necesite." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2262 msgid "This post does not aim to be a guide to configuring your own kernel however, so if you do decide to build a custom kernel you'll have to seek out other guides to create a kernel which is just right for your needs." msgstr "Sin embargo, este post no pretende ser una guía para configurar tu propio kernel, así que si decides construir un kernel personalizado tendrás que buscar otras guías para crear un kernel que se ajuste a tus necesidades." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2270 msgid "The second way to setup the kernel configuration makes more use of Guix's features and allows you to share configuration segments between different kernels. For example, all machines using EFI to boot have a number of EFI configuration flags that they need. It is likely that all the kernels will share a list of file systems to support. By using variables it is easier to see at a glance what features are enabled and to make sure you don't have features in one kernel but missing in another." msgstr "La segunda forma de configurar el kernel hace un mayor uso de las características de Guix y permite compartir segmentos de configuración entre diferentes kernels. Por ejemplo, todas las máquinas que utilizan EFI para arrancar tienen una serie de banderas de configuración EFI que necesitan. Es probable que todos los kernels compartan una lista de sistemas de ficheros a soportar. Mediante el uso de variables es más fácil ver de un vistazo qué características están habilitadas y asegurarse de no tener características en un núcleo pero que faltan en otro." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2275 msgid "Left undiscussed however, is Guix's initrd and its customization. It is likely that you'll need to modify the initrd on a machine using a custom kernel, since certain modules which are expected to be built may not be available for inclusion into the initrd." msgstr "Sin embargo, no se ha hablado del initrd de Guix y su personalización. Es probable que tenga que modificar el initrd en una máquina que utilice un kernel personalizado, ya que ciertos módulos que se espera que se construyan pueden no estar disponibles para su inclusión en el initrd." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2282 msgid "Historically, Guix System is centered around an @code{operating-system} structure. This structure contains various fields ranging from the bootloader and kernel declaration to the services to install." msgstr "Históricamente, el sistema Guix se centra en una estructura @code{operating-system}. Esta estructura contiene varios campos que van desde el gestor de arranque y la declaración del kernel hasta los servicios a instalar." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2288 msgid "Depending on the target machine, that can go from a standard @code{x86_64} machine to a small ARM single board computer such as the Pine64, the image constraints can vary a lot. The hardware manufacturers will impose different image formats with various partition sizes and offsets." msgstr "Dependiendo de la máquina de destino, que puede ir desde una máquina @code{x86_64} estándar hasta un pequeño ordenador ARM de placa única como el Pine64, las restricciones de la imagen pueden variar mucho. Los fabricantes de hardware impondrán diferentes formatos de imagen con varios tamaños de partición y desplazamientos." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2293 msgid "To create images suitable for all those machines, a new abstraction is necessary: that's the goal of the @code{image} record. This record contains all the required information to be transformed into a standalone image, that can be directly booted on any target machine." msgstr "Para crear imágenes adecuadas para todas esas máquinas, es necesaria una nueva abstracción: ese es el objetivo del registro @code{image}. Este registro contiene toda la información necesaria para transformarse en una imagen independiente, que puede arrancarse directamente en cualquier máquina de destino." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2315 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-record-type* \n" " image make-image\n" " image?\n" " (name image-name ;symbol\n" " (default #f))\n" " (format image-format) ;symbol\n" " (target image-target\n" " (default #f))\n" " (size image-size ;size in bytes as integer\n" " (default 'guess))\n" " (operating-system image-operating-system ;\n" " (default #f))\n" " (partitions image-partitions ;list of \n" " (default '()))\n" " (compression? image-compression? ;boolean\n" " (default #t))\n" " (volatile-root? image-volatile-root? ;boolean\n" " (default #t))\n" " (substitutable? image-substitutable? ;boolean\n" " (default #t)))\n" msgstr "" "(define-record-type* \n" " image make-image\n" " image?\n" " (name image-name ;symbol\n" " (default #f))\n" " (format image-format) ;symbol\n" " (target image-target\n" " (default #f))\n" " (size image-size ;tamaño en bytes como entero\n" " (default 'guess))\n" " (operating-system image-operating-system ;\n" " (default #f))\n" " (partitions image-partitions ;list of \n" " (default '()))\n" " (compression? image-compression? ;boolean\n" " (default #t))\n" " (volatile-root? image-volatile-root? ;boolean\n" " (default #t))\n" " (substitutable? image-substitutable? ;boolean\n" " (default #t)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2321 msgid "This record contains the operating-system to instantiate. The @code{format} field defines the image type and can be @code{efi-raw}, @code{qcow2} or @code{iso9660} for instance. In the future, it could be extended to @code{docker} or other image types." msgstr "Este registro contiene el sistema operativo a instanciar. El campo @code{format} define el tipo de imagen y puede ser @code{efi-raw}, @code{qcow2} o @code{iso9660}, por ejemplo. En el futuro, podría ampliarse a @code{docker} u otros tipos de imagen." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2324 msgid "A new directory in the Guix sources is dedicated to images definition. For now there are four files:" msgstr "Un nuevo directorio en las fuentes de Guix está dedicado a la definición de imágenes. Por ahora hay cuatro archivos:" #. type: file{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2326 #, no-wrap msgid "gnu/system/images/hurd.scm" msgstr "gnu/system/images/hurd.scm" #. type: file{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2327 #, no-wrap msgid "gnu/system/images/pine64.scm" msgstr "gnu/system/images/pine64.scm" #. type: file{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2328 #, no-wrap msgid "gnu/system/images/novena.scm" msgstr "gnu/system/images/novena.scm" #. type: file{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2329 #, no-wrap msgid "gnu/system/images/pinebook-pro.scm" msgstr "gnu/system/images/pinebook-pro.scm" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2335 msgid "Let's have a look to @file{pine64.scm}. It contains the @code{pine64-barebones-os} variable which is a minimal definition of an operating-system dedicated to the @b{Pine A64 LTS} board." msgstr "Echemos un vistazo a @file{pine64.scm}. Contiene la variable @code{pine64-barebones-os} que es una definición mínima de un sistema operativo dedicado a la placa @b{Pine A64 LTS}." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2359 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define pine64-barebones-os\n" " (operating-system\n" " (host-name \"vignemale\")\n" " (timezone \"Europe/Paris\")\n" " (locale \"en_US.utf8\")\n" " (bootloader (bootloader-configuration\n" " (bootloader u-boot-pine64-lts-bootloader)\n" " (targets '(\"/dev/vda\"))))\n" " (initrd-modules '())\n" " (kernel linux-libre-arm64-generic)\n" " (file-systems (cons (file-system\n" " (device (file-system-label \"my-root\"))\n" " (mount-point \"/\")\n" " (type \"ext4\"))\n" " %base-file-systems))\n" " (services (cons (service agetty-service-type\n" " (agetty-configuration\n" " (extra-options '(\"-L\")) ; no carrier detect\n" " (baud-rate \"115200\")\n" " (term \"vt100\")\n" " (tty \"ttyS0\")))\n" " %base-services))))\n" msgstr "" "(define pine64-barebones-os\n" " (operating-system\n" " (host-name \"vignemale\")\n" " (timezone \"Europe/Paris\")\n" " (locale \"en_US.utf8\")\n" " (bootloader (bootloader-configuration\n" " (bootloader u-boot-pine64-lts-bootloader)\n" " (targets '(\"/dev/vda\"))))\n" " (initrd-modules '())\n" " (kernel linux-libre-arm64-generic)\n" " (file-systems (cons (file-system\n" " (device (file-system-label \"my-root\"))\n" " (mount-point \"/\")\n" " (type \"ext4\"))\n" " %base-file-systems))\n" " (services (cons (service agetty-service-type\n" " (agetty-configuration\n" " (extra-options '(\"-L\")) ; ningún carro detectado\n" " (baud-rate \"115200\")\n" " (term \"vt100\")\n" " (tty \"ttyS0\")))\n" " %base-services))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2363 msgid "The @code{kernel} and @code{bootloader} fields are pointing to packages dedicated to this board." msgstr "Los campos @code{kernel} y @code{bootloader} apuntan a paquetes dedicados a esta placa." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2365 msgid "Right below, the @code{pine64-image-type} variable is also defined." msgstr "Justo debajo, también se define la variable @code{pine64-image-type}." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2371 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define pine64-image-type\n" " (image-type\n" " (name 'pine64-raw)\n" " (constructor (cut image-with-os arm64-disk-image <>))))\n" msgstr "" "(define pine64-image-type\n" " (image-type\n" " (name 'pine64-raw)\n" " (constructor (cut image-with-os arm64-disk-image <>))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2375 msgid "It's using a record we haven't talked about yet, the @code{image-type} record, defined this way:" msgstr "Utiliza un registro del que aún no hemos hablado, el registro @code{image-type}, definido de esta manera:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2382 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-record-type* \n" " image-type make-image-type\n" " image-type?\n" " (name image-type-name) ;symbol\n" " (constructor image-type-constructor)) ; -> \n" msgstr "" "(define-record-type* \n" " image-type make-image-type\n" " image-type?\n" " (name image-type-name) ;symbol\n" " (constructor image-type-constructor)) ; -> \n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2388 msgid "The main purpose of this record is to associate a name to a procedure transforming an @code{operating-system} to an image. To understand why it is necessary, let's have a look to the command producing an image from an @code{operating-system} configuration file:" msgstr "El objetivo principal de este registro es asociar un nombre a un procedimiento que transforma un @code{operating-system} en una imagen. Para entender por qué es necesario, echemos un vistazo al comando que produce una imagen a partir de un archivo de configuración @code{operating-system}:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2391 #, no-wrap msgid "guix system image my-os.scm\n" msgstr "guix imagen del sistema my-os.scm\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2397 msgid "This command expects an @code{operating-system} configuration but how should we indicate that we want an image targeting a Pine64 board? We need to provide an extra information, the @code{image-type}, by passing the @code{--image-type} or @code{-t} flag, this way:" msgstr "Este comando espera una configuración @code{operating-system} pero ¿cómo debemos indicar que queremos una imagen dirigida a una placa Pine64? Necesitamos proporcionar una información extra, el @code{image-type}, pasando la bandera @code{--image-type} o @code{-t}, de esta manera:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2400 #, no-wrap msgid "guix system image --image-type=pine64-raw my-os.scm\n" msgstr "guix system image --image-type=pine64-raw my-os.scm\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2406 msgid "This @code{image-type} parameter points to the @code{pine64-image-type} defined above. Hence, the @code{operating-system} declared in @code{my-os.scm} will be applied the @code{(cut image-with-os arm64-disk-image <>)} procedure to turn it into an image." msgstr "Este parámetro @code{image-type} apunta al @code{pine64-image-type} definido anteriormente. Por lo tanto, al @code{operating-system} declarado en @code{my-os.scm} se le aplicará el procedimiento @code{(cut image-with-os arm64-disk-image <>)} para convertirlo en una imagen." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2408 msgid "The resulting image looks like:" msgstr "La imagen resultante tiene este aspecto:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2418 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(image\n" " (format 'disk-image)\n" " (target \"aarch64-linux-gnu\")\n" " (operating-system my-os)\n" " (partitions\n" " (list (partition\n" " (inherit root-partition)\n" " (offset root-offset)))))\n" msgstr "" "(image\n" " (format 'disk-image)\n" " (target \"aarch64-linux-gnu\")\n" " (operating-system my-os)\n" " (partitions\n" " (list (partition\n" " (inherit root-partition)\n" " (offset root-offset)))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2422 msgid "which is the aggregation of the @code{operating-system} defined in @code{my-os.scm} to the @code{arm64-disk-image} record." msgstr "que es la agregación del @code{operating-system} definido en @code{my-os.scm} al registro @code{arm64-disk-image}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2424 msgid "But enough Scheme madness. What does this image API bring to the Guix user?" msgstr "Pero basta de locuras de esquemas. ¿Qué aporta esta API de imágenes al usuario de Guix?" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2426 msgid "One can run:" msgstr "Se puede ejecutar:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2430 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mathieu@@cervin:~$ guix system --list-image-types\n" "The available image types are:\n" "\n" msgstr "" "mathieu@@cervin:~$ guix system --list-image-types\n" "Los tipos de imagen disponibles son:\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2448 #, no-wrap msgid "" " - unmatched-raw\n" " - rock64-raw\n" " - pinebook-pro-raw\n" " - pine64-raw\n" " - novena-raw\n" " - hurd-raw\n" " - hurd-qcow2\n" " - qcow2\n" " - iso9660\n" " - uncompressed-iso9660\n" " - tarball\n" " - efi-raw\n" " - mbr-raw\n" " - docker\n" " - wsl2\n" " - raw-with-offset\n" " - efi32-raw\n" msgstr "" " - unmatched-raw\n" " - rock64-raw\n" " - pinebook-pro-raw\n" " - pine64-raw\n" " - novena-raw\n" " - hurd-raw\n" " - hurd-qcow2\n" " - qcow2\n" " - iso9660\n" " - uncompressed-iso9660\n" " - tarball\n" " - efi-raw\n" " - mbr-raw\n" " - docker\n" " - wsl2\n" " - raw-with-offset\n" " - efi32-raw\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2453 msgid "and by writing an @code{operating-system} file based on @code{pine64-barebones-os}, you can customize your image to your preferences in a file (@file{my-pine-os.scm}) like this:" msgstr "y escribiendo un archivo @code{operating-system} basado en @code{pine64-barebones-os}, puede personalizar su imagen según sus preferencias en un archivo (@file{my-pine-os.scm}) como este:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2457 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu services linux)\n" " (gnu system images pine64))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu services linux)\n" " (gnu system images pine64))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2468 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(let ((base-os pine64-barebones-os))\n" " (operating-system\n" " (inherit base-os)\n" " (timezone \"America/Indiana/Indianapolis\")\n" " (services\n" " (cons\n" " (service earlyoom-service-type\n" " (earlyoom-configuration\n" " (prefer-regexp \"icecat|chromium\")))\n" " (operating-system-user-services base-os)))))\n" msgstr "" "(let ((base-os pine64-barebones-os))\n" " (operating-system\n" " (inherit base-os)\n" " (timezone \"America/Indiana/Indianapolis\")\n" " (services\n" " (cons\n" " (service earlyoom-service-type\n" " (earlyoom-configuration\n" " (prefer-regexp \"icecat|chromium\")))\n" " (operating-system-user-services base-os)))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2471 msgid "run:" msgstr "ejecuta:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2474 #, no-wrap msgid "guix system image --image-type=pine64-raw my-pine-os.scm\n" msgstr "guix system image --image-type=pine64-raw my-pine-os.scm\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2477 msgid "or," msgstr "o," #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2480 #, no-wrap msgid "guix system image --image-type=hurd-raw my-hurd-os.scm\n" msgstr "guix system image --image-type=hurd-raw my-hurd-os.scm\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2484 msgid "to get an image that can be written directly to a hard drive and booted from." msgstr "para obtener una imagen que se puede escribir directamente en un disco duro y arrancar desde ella." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2486 msgid "Without changing anything to @code{my-hurd-os.scm}, calling:" msgstr "Sin cambiar nada a @code{my-hurd-os.scm}, invocando:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2489 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "guix system image --image-type=hurd-qcow2 my-hurd-os.scm\n" msgstr "guix system image --image-type=hurd-qcow2 my-hurd-os.scm\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2492 msgid "will instead produce a Hurd QEMU image." msgstr "producirá en su lugar una imagen Hurd QEMU." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2495 #, no-wrap msgid "2FA, two-factor authentication" msgstr "2FA, autenticación de dos factores" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2496 #, no-wrap msgid "U2F, Universal 2nd Factor" msgstr "U2F, segundo factor universal" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2497 #, no-wrap msgid "security key, configuration" msgstr "clave de seguridad, configuración" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2504 msgid "The use of security keys can improve your security by providing a second authentication source that cannot be easily stolen or copied, at least for a remote adversary (something that you have), to the main secret (a passphrase -- something that you know), reducing the risk of impersonation." msgstr "El uso de claves de seguridad puede mejorar su seguridad al proporcionar una segunda fuente de autenticación que no puede ser fácilmente robada o copiada, al menos para un adversario remoto (algo que usted tiene), al secreto principal (una frase de contraseña -- algo que usted conoce), reduciendo el riesgo de suplantación." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2509 msgid "The example configuration detailed below showcases what minimal configuration needs to be made on your Guix System to allow the use of a Yubico security key. It is hoped the configuration can be useful for other security keys as well, with minor adjustments." msgstr "El ejemplo de configuración detallado a continuación muestra la configuración mínima que debe realizarse en su sistema Guix para permitir el uso de una llave de seguridad Yubico. Se espera que la configuración pueda ser útil también para otras claves de seguridad, con pequeños ajustes." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2510 #, no-wrap msgid "Configuration for use as a two-factor authenticator (2FA)" msgstr "Configuración para su uso como autenticador de dos factores (2FA)" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2518 msgid "To be usable, the udev rules of the system should be extended with key-specific rules. The following shows how to extend your udev rules with the @file{lib/udev/rules.d/70-u2f.rules} udev rule file provided by the @code{libfido2} package from the @code{(gnu packages security-token)} module and add your user to the @samp{\"plugdev\"} group it uses:" msgstr "Para que sean utilizables, las reglas udev del sistema deben ampliarse con reglas específicas para cada clave. A continuación se muestra cómo ampliar sus reglas udev con el archivo de reglas udev @file{lib/udev/rules.d/70-u2f.rules} proporcionado por el paquete @code{libfido2} del módulo @code{(gnu packages security-token)} y añadir su usuario al grupo @samp{\"plugdev\"} que utiliza:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2537 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-package-modules ... security-token ...)\n" "...\n" "(operating-system\n" " ...\n" " (users (cons* (user-account\n" " (name \"your-user\")\n" " (group \"users\")\n" " (supplementary-groups\n" "\t\t'(\"wheel\" \"netdev\" \"audio\" \"video\"\n" " \"plugdev\")) ;<- added system group\n" " (home-directory \"/home/your-user\"))\n" " %base-user-accounts))\n" " ...\n" " (services\n" " (cons*\n" " ...\n" " (udev-rules-service 'fido2 libfido2 #:groups '(\"plugdev\")))))\n" msgstr "" "(use-package-modules ... security-token ...)\n" "...\n" "(operating-system\n" " ...\n" " (users (cons* (user-account\n" " (name \"your-user\")\n" " (group \"users\")\n" " (supplementary-groups\n" "\t\t'(\"wheel\" \"netdev\" \"audio\" \"video\"\n" " \"plugdev\")) ;<- added system group\n" " (home-directory \"/home/your-user\"))\n" " %base-user-accounts))\n" " ...\n" " (services\n" " (cons*\n" " ...\n" " (udev-rules-service 'fido2 libfido2 #:groups '(\"plugdev\")))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2542 msgid "After re-configuring your system and re-logging in your graphical session so that the new group is in effect for your user, you can verify that your key is usable by launching:" msgstr "Después de reconfigurar su sistema y volver a iniciar su sesión gráfica para que el nuevo grupo esté en vigor para su usuario, puede verificar que su clave es utilizable iniciando:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2545 #, no-wrap msgid "guix shell ungoogled-chromium -- chromium chrome://settings/securityKeys\n" msgstr "guix shell ungoogled-chromium -- chromium chrome://settings/securityKeys\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2551 msgid "and validating that the security key can be reset via the ``Reset your security key'' menu. If it works, congratulations, your security key is ready to be used with applications supporting two-factor authentication (2FA)." msgstr "y validando que la clave de seguridad se puede restablecer a través del menú ``Restablezca su clave de seguridad''. Si funciona, enhorabuena, tu clave de seguridad está lista para ser utilizada con aplicaciones que admitan la autenticación de dos factores (2FA)." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2552 #, no-wrap msgid "Disabling OTP code generation for a Yubikey" msgstr "Desactivar la generación de código OTP para un Yubikey" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2553 #, no-wrap msgid "disabling yubikey OTP" msgstr "desactivar yubikey OTP" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2559 msgid "If you use a Yubikey security key and are irritated by the spurious OTP codes it generates when inadvertently touching the key (e.g. causing you to become a spammer in the @samp{#guix} channel when discussing from your favorite IRC client!), you can disable it via the following @command{ykman} command:" msgstr "Si utilizas una clave de seguridad Yubikey y te irritan los códigos OTP espurios que genera cuando tocas inadvertidamente la clave (¡por ejemplo, haciendo que te conviertas en un spammer en el canal @samp{#guix} cuando discutes desde tu cliente IRC favorito!), puedes desactivarla mediante el siguiente comando @command{ykman}:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2562 #, no-wrap msgid "guix shell python-yubikey-manager -- ykman config usb --force --disable OTP\n" msgstr "guix shell python-yubikey-manager -- ykman config usb --force --disable OTP\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2569 msgid "Alternatively, you could use the @command{ykman-gui} command provided by the @code{yubikey-manager-qt} package and either wholly disable the @samp{OTP} application for the USB interface or, from the @samp{Applications -> OTP} view, delete the slot 1 configuration, which comes pre-configured with the Yubico OTP application." msgstr "Alternativamente, puede utilizar el comando @command{ykman-gui} proporcionado por el paquete @code{yubikey-manager-qt} y desactivar completamente la aplicación @samp{OTP} para la interfaz USB o, desde la vista @samp{Applications -> OTP}, eliminar la configuración de la ranura 1, que viene preconfigurada con la aplicación OTP de Yubico." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2570 #, no-wrap msgid "Requiring a Yubikey to open a KeePassXC database" msgstr "Requerir un Yubikey para abrir una base de datos KeePassXC" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2571 #, no-wrap msgid "yubikey, keepassxc integration" msgstr "yubikey, integración de keepassxc" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2575 msgid "The KeePassXC password manager application has support for Yubikeys, but it requires installing a udev rules for your Guix System and some configuration of the Yubico OTP application on the key." msgstr "La aplicación de gestión de contraseñas KeePassXC tiene soporte para Yubikeys, pero requiere la instalación de una regla udev para tu sistema Guix y alguna configuración de la aplicación Yubico OTP en la llave." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2578 msgid "The necessary udev rules file comes from the @code{yubikey-personalization} package, and can be installed like:" msgstr "El archivo de reglas udev necesario proviene del paquete @code{yubikey-personalization}, y puede instalarse como:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2588 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-package-modules ... security-token ...)\n" "...\n" "(operating-system\n" " ...\n" " (services\n" " (cons*\n" " ...\n" " (udev-rules-service 'yubikey yubikey-personalization))))\n" msgstr "" "(use-package-modules ... security-token ...)\n" "...\n" "(operating-system\n" " ...\n" " (services\n" " (cons*\n" " ...\n" " (udev-rules-service 'yubikey yubikey-personalization))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2595 msgid "After reconfiguring your system (and reconnecting your Yubikey), you'll then want to configure the OTP challenge/response application of your Yubikey on its slot 2, which is what KeePassXC uses. It's easy to do so via the Yubikey Manager graphical configuration tool, which can be invoked with:" msgstr "Después de reconfigurar tu sistema (y reconectar tu Yubikey), querrás configurar la aplicación de desafío/respuesta OTP de tu Yubikey en su ranura 2, que es la que utiliza KeePassXC. Es fácil hacerlo a través de la herramienta de configuración gráfica Yubikey Manager, que se puede invocar con:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2598 #, no-wrap msgid "guix shell yubikey-manager-qt -- ykman-gui\n" msgstr "guix shell yubikey-manager-qt -- ykman-gui\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2607 msgid "First, ensure @samp{OTP} is enabled under the @samp{Interfaces} tab, then navigate to @samp{Applications -> OTP}, and click the @samp{Configure} button under the @samp{Long Touch (Slot 2)} section. Select @samp{Challenge-response}, input or generate a secret key, and click the @samp{Finish} button. If you have a second Yubikey you'd like to use as a backup, you should configure it the same way, using the @emph{same} secret key." msgstr "En primer lugar, asegúrese de que @samp{OTP} está activado en la pestaña @samp{Interfaces} y, a continuación, vaya a @samp{Aplicaciones -> OTP} y haga clic en el botón @samp{Configurar} de la sección @samp{Táctil largo (ranura 2)}. Seleccione @samp{Reto-respuesta}, introduzca o genere una clave secreta y haga clic en el botón @samp{Finalizar}. Si tiene un segundo Yubikey que desea utilizar como copia de seguridad, debe configurarlo de la misma manera, utilizando la clave secreta @emph{same}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2614 msgid "Your Yubikey should now be detected by KeePassXC. It can be added to a database by navigating to KeePassXC's @samp{Database -> Database Security...} menu, then clicking the @samp{Add additional protection...} button, then @samp{Add Challenge-Response}, selecting the security key from the drop-down menu and clicking the @samp{OK} button to complete the setup." msgstr "Tu Yubikey ahora debería ser detectado por KeePassXC. Puede añadirse a una base de datos accediendo al menú @samp{Database -> Database Security...} de KeePassXC, haciendo clic en el botón @samp{Add additional protection...}, luego en @samp{Add Challenge-Response}, seleccionando la clave de seguridad en el menú desplegable y haciendo clic en el botón @samp{OK} para completar la configuración." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2618 #, no-wrap msgid "dynamic DNS, DDNS" msgstr "DNS dinámico, DDNS" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2628 msgid "If your @acronym{ISP, Internet Service Provider} only provides dynamic IP addresses, it can be useful to setup a dynamic @acronym{DNS, Domain Name System} (also known as @acronym{DDNS, Dynamic DNS}) service to associate a static host name to a public but dynamic (often changing) IP address. There are multiple existing services that can be used for this; in the following mcron job, @url{https://duckdns.org, DuckDNS} is used. It should also work with other dynamic DNS services that offer a similar interface to update the IP address, such as @url{https://freedns.afraid.org/}, with minor adjustments." msgstr "Si su @acronym{ISP, Proveedor de Servicios de Internet} sólo proporciona direcciones IP dinámicas, puede ser útil configurar un servicio @acronym{DNS, Sistema de Nombres de Dominio} dinámico (también conocido como @acronym{DDNS, DNS Dinámico}) para asociar un nombre de host estático a una dirección IP pública pero dinámica (a menudo cambiante). Existen varios servicios que pueden utilizarse para ello; en la siguiente tarea mcron, se utiliza @url{https://duckdns.org, DuckDNS}. También debería funcionar con otros servicios DNS dinámicos que ofrezcan una interfaz similar para actualizar la dirección IP, como @url{https://freedns.afraid.org/}, con pequeños ajustes." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2633 msgid "The mcron job is provided below, where @var{DOMAIN} should be substituted for your own domain prefix, and the DuckDNS provided token associated to @var{DOMAIN} added to the @file{/etc/duckdns/@var{DOMAIN}.token} file." msgstr "El trabajo mcron se proporciona a continuación, donde @var{DOMAIN} debe ser sustituido por su propio prefijo de dominio, y el token proporcionado por DuckDNS asociado a @var{DOMAIN} añadido al archivo @file{/etc/duckdns/@var{DOMAIN}.token}." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2653 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define duckdns-job\n" " ;; Update personal domain IP every 5 minutes.\n" " #~(job '(next-minute (range 0 60 5))\n" "\t #$(program-file\n" " \"duckdns-update\"\n" " (with-extensions (list guile-gnutls) ;required by (web client)\n" " #~(begin\n" " (use-modules (ice-9 textual-ports)\n" " (web client))\n" " (let ((token (string-trim-both\n" " (call-with-input-file \"/etc/duckdns/@var{DOMAIN}.token\"\n" " get-string-all)))\n" " (query-template (string-append \"https://www.duckdns.org/\"\n" " \"update?domains=@var{DOMAIN}\"\n" " \"&token=~a&ip=\")))\n" " (http-get (format #f query-template token))))))\n" " \"duckdns-update\"\n" " #:user \"nobody\"))\n" msgstr "" "(define duckdns-job\n" " ;; Update personal domain IP every 5 minutes.\n" " #~(job '(next-minute (range 0 60 5))\n" "\t #$(program-file\n" " \"duckdns-update\"\n" " (with-extensions (list guile-gnutls) ;required by (web client)\n" " #~(begin\n" " (use-modules (ice-9 textual-ports)\n" " (web client))\n" " (let ((token (string-trim-both\n" " (call-with-input-file \"/etc/duckdns/@var{DOMAIN}.token\"\n" " get-string-all)))\n" " (query-template (string-append \"https://www.duckdns.org/\"\n" " \"update?domains=@var{DOMAIN}\"\n" " \"&token=~a&ip=\")))\n" " (http-get (format #f query-template token))))))\n" " \"duckdns-update\"\n" " #:user \"nobody\"))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2657 msgid "The job then needs to be added to the list of mcron jobs for your system, using something like:" msgstr "El trabajo entonces necesita ser añadido a la lista de trabajos mcron para su sistema, usando algo como:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2666 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " (services\n" " (cons* (service mcron-service-type\n" " (mcron-configuration\n" " (jobs (list duckdns-job ...))))\n" " ...\n" " %base-services)))\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " (services\n" " (cons* (service mcron-service-type\n" " (mcron-configuration\n" " (jobs (list duckdns-job ...))))\n" " ...\n" " %base-services)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2674 msgid "To connect to a Wireguard VPN server you need the kernel module to be loaded in memory and a package providing networking tools that support it (e.g. @code{wireguard-tools} or @code{network-manager})." msgstr "Para conectarse a un servidor VPN Wireguard necesita que el módulo del kernel esté cargado en memoria y un paquete que proporcione herramientas de red que lo soporten (por ejemplo, @code{wireguard-tools} o @code{network-manager})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2678 msgid "Here is a configuration example for Linux-Libre < 5.6, where the module is out of tree and need to be loaded manually---following revisions of the kernel have it built-in and so don't need such configuration:" msgstr "Aquí hay un ejemplo de configuración para Linux-Libre < 5.6, donde el módulo está fuera del árbol y necesita ser cargado manualmente---siguientes revisiones del kernel lo tienen incorporado y por lo tanto no necesitan dicha configuración:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2683 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-service-modules desktop)\n" "(use-package-modules vpn)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-service-modules desktop)\n" "(use-package-modules vpn)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2692 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (services (cons (simple-service 'wireguard-module\n" " kernel-module-loader-service-type\n" " '(\"wireguard\"))\n" " %desktop-services))\n" " (packages (cons wireguard-tools %base-packages))\n" " (kernel-loadable-modules (list wireguard-linux-compat)))\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (services (cons (simple-service 'wireguard-module\n" " kernel-module-loader-service-type\n" " '(\"wireguard\"))\n" " %desktop-services))\n" " (packages (cons wireguard-tools %base-packages))\n" " (kernel-loadable-modules (list wireguard-linux-compat)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2696 msgid "After reconfiguring and restarting your system you can either use Wireguard tools or NetworkManager to connect to a VPN server." msgstr "Después de reconfigurar y reiniciar el sistema, puede utilizar las herramientas Wireguard o NetworkManager para conectarse a un servidor VPN." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2697 #, no-wrap msgid "Using Wireguard tools" msgstr "Uso de las herramientas Wireguard" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2703 msgid "To test your Wireguard setup it is convenient to use @command{wg-quick}. Just give it a configuration file @command{wg-quick up ./wg0.conf}; or put that file in @file{/etc/wireguard} and run @command{wg-quick up wg0} instead." msgstr "Para probar la configuración de Wireguard es conveniente utilizar @command{wg-quick}. Sólo tiene que darle un archivo de configuración @command{wg-quick up ./wg0.conf}; o poner ese archivo en @file{/etc/wireguard} y ejecutar @command{wg-quick up wg0} en su lugar." #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2707 msgid "Be warned that the author described this command as a: “[…] very quick and dirty bash script […]”." msgstr "Se advierte que el autor describió este comando como un: \"[...] script bash muy rápido y sucio [...]\"." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2709 #, no-wrap msgid "Using NetworkManager" msgstr "Uso de NetworkManager" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2717 msgid "Thanks to NetworkManager support for Wireguard we can connect to our VPN using @command{nmcli} command. Up to this point this guide assumes that you're using Network Manager service provided by @code{%desktop-services}. Ortherwise you need to adjust your services list to load @code{network-manager-service-type} and reconfigure your Guix system." msgstr "Gracias al soporte de NetworkManager para Wireguard podemos conectarnos a nuestra VPN usando el comando @command{nmcli}. Hasta este punto, esta guía asume que está utilizando el servicio Network Manager proporcionado por @code{%desktop-services}. De lo contrario, necesitará ajustar su lista de servicios para cargar @code{network-manager-service-type} y reconfigurar su sistema Guix." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2719 msgid "To import your VPN configuration execute nmcli import command:" msgstr "Para importar su configuración VPN ejecute el comando nmcli import:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2723 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# nmcli connection import type wireguard file wg0.conf\n" "Connection 'wg0' (edbee261-aa5a-42db-b032-6c7757c60fde) successfully added\n" msgstr "" "# nmcli connection import type wireguard file wg0.conf\n" "Conexión 'wg0' (edbee261-aa5a-42db-b032-6c7757c60fde) añadida correctamente\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2728 msgid "This will create a configuration file in @file{/etc/NetworkManager/wg0.nmconnection}. Next connect to the Wireguard server:" msgstr "Esto creará un archivo de configuración en @file{/etc/NetworkManager/wg0.nmconnection}. A continuación, conéctese al servidor Wireguard:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2732 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ nmcli connection up wg0\n" "Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/6)\n" msgstr "" "$ nmcli connection up wg0\n" "Conexión activada con éxito (ruta activa D-Bus: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/6)\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2736 msgid "By default NetworkManager will connect automatically on system boot. To change that behaviour you need to edit your config:" msgstr "Por defecto NetworkManager se conectará automáticamente al arrancar el sistema. Para cambiar este comportamiento es necesario editar la configuración:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2739 #, no-wrap msgid "# nmcli connection modify wg0 connection.autoconnect no\n" msgstr "# nmcli connection modify wg0 connection.autoconnect no\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2744 #, fuzzy msgid "For more specific information about NetworkManager and wireguard @uref{https://blogs.gnome.org/thaller/2019/03/15/wireguard-in-networkmanager/,see this post by thaller}." msgstr "Para obtener información más específica sobre NetworkManager y wireguard @uref{https://blogs.gnome.org/thaller/2019/03/15/wireguard-in-networkmanager/, consulte este post de thaller}." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2747 #, no-wrap msgid "wm" msgstr "wm" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2756 #, no-wrap msgid "stumpwm" msgstr "stumpwm" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2761 msgid "You could install StumpWM with a Guix system by adding @code{stumpwm} and optionally @code{`(,stumpwm \"lib\")} packages to a system configuration file, e.g.@: @file{/etc/config.scm}." msgstr "Puedes instalar StumpWM con un sistema Guix añadiendo los paquetes @code{stumpwm} y opcionalmente @code{`(,stumpwm \"lib\")} a un fichero de configuración del sistema, p.ej. @: @file{/etc/config.scm}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2763 msgid "An example configuration can look like this:" msgstr "Un ejemplo de configuración puede ser similar a esto:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2767 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-package-modules wm)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-package-modules wm)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2772 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (packages (append (list sbcl stumpwm `(,stumpwm \"lib\"))\n" " %base-packages)))\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (packages (append (list sbcl stumpwm `(,stumpwm \"lib\"))\n" " %base-packages)))\n" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2774 #, no-wrap msgid "stumpwm fonts" msgstr "letras stumpwm" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2778 msgid "By default StumpWM uses X11 fonts, which could be small or pixelated on your system. You could fix this by installing StumpWM contrib Lisp module @code{sbcl-ttf-fonts}, adding it to Guix system packages:" msgstr "Por defecto StumpWM utiliza fuentes X11, que podrían ser pequeñas o pixeladas en su sistema. Puede solucionarlo instalando el módulo @code{sbcl-ttf-fonts} de StumpWM contrib Lisp y añadiéndolo a los paquetes del sistema Guix:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2782 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-package-modules fonts wm)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-package-modules fonts wm)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2787 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (packages (append (list sbcl stumpwm `(,stumpwm \"lib\"))\n" " sbcl-ttf-fonts font-dejavu %base-packages)))\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (packages (append (list sbcl stumpwm `(,stumpwm \"lib\"))\n" " sbcl-ttf-fonts font-dejavu %base-packages)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2791 msgid "Then you need to add the following code to a StumpWM configuration file @file{~/.stumpwm.d/init.lisp}:" msgstr "A continuación, debe añadir el siguiente código a un archivo de configuración de StumpWM @file{~/.stumpwm.d/init.lisp}:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2800 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(require :ttf-fonts)\n" "(setf xft:*font-dirs* '(\"/run/current-system/profile/share/fonts/\"))\n" "(setf clx-truetype:+font-cache-filename+ (concat (getenv \"HOME\")\n" " \"/.fonts/font-cache.sexp\"))\n" "(xft:cache-fonts)\n" "(set-font (make-instance 'xft:font :family \"DejaVu Sans Mono\"\n" " :subfamily \"Book\" :size 11))\n" msgstr "" "(require :ttf-fonts)\n" "(setf xft:*font-dirs* '(\"/run/current-system/profile/share/fonts/\"))\n" "(setf clx-truetype:+font-cache-filename+ (concat (getenv \"HOME\")\n" " \"/.fonts/font-cache.sexp\"))\n" "(xft:cache-fonts)\n" "(set-font (make-instance 'xft:font :family \"DejaVu Sans Mono\"\n" " :subfamily \"Book\" :size 11))\n" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2804 #, no-wrap msgid "sessionlock" msgstr "bloqueo de sesión" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2810 msgid "Depending on your environment, locking the screen of your session might come built in or it might be something you have to set up yourself. If you use a desktop environment like GNOME or KDE, it's usually built in. If you use a plain window manager like StumpWM or EXWM, you might have to set it up yourself." msgstr "Dependiendo de tu entorno, bloquear la pantalla de tu sesión puede venir incorporado o puede ser algo que tengas que configurar tú mismo. Si usas un entorno de escritorio como GNOME o KDE, normalmente viene incorporado. Si usas un gestor de ventanas sencillo como StumpWM o EXWM, puede que tengas que configurarlo tú mismo." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2822 msgid "If you use Xorg, you can use the utility @uref{https://www.mankier.com/1/xss-lock, xss-lock} to lock the screen of your session. xss-lock is triggered by DPMS which since Xorg 1.8 is auto-detected and enabled if ACPI is also enabled at kernel runtime." msgstr "Si usas Xorg, puedes usar la utilidad @uref{https://www.mankier.com/1/xss-lock, xss-lock} para bloquear la pantalla de tu sesión. xss-lock es activado por DPMS que desde Xorg 1.8 es auto-detectado y activado si ACPI también está activado en tiempo de ejecución del kernel." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2825 msgid "To use xss-lock, you can simple execute it and put it into the background before you start your window manager from e.g. your @file{~/.xsession}:" msgstr "Para usar xss-lock, puedes simplemente ejecutarlo y ponerlo en segundo plano antes de iniciar tu gestor de ventanas desde, por ejemplo, su @file{~/.xsession}:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2829 #, no-wrap msgid "" "xss-lock -- slock &\n" "exec stumpwm\n" msgstr "" "xss-lock -- slock &\n" "exec stumpwm\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2833 msgid "In this example, xss-lock uses @code{slock} to do the actual locking of the screen when it determines it's appropriate, like when you suspend your device." msgstr "En este ejemplo, xss-lock utiliza @code{slock} para realizar el bloqueo real de la pantalla cuando determina que es apropiado, como cuando suspendes tu dispositivo." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2837 msgid "For slock to be allowed to be a screen locker for the graphical session, it needs to be made setuid-root so it can authenticate users, and it needs a PAM service. This can be achieved by adding the following service to your @file{config.scm}:" msgstr "Para que slock pueda ser un casillero de pantalla para la sesión gráfica, necesita ser hecho setuid-root para que pueda autenticar usuarios, y necesita un servicio PAM. Esto se puede lograr añadiendo el siguiente servicio a su @file{config.scm}:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2843 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(service screen-locker-service-type\n" " (screen-locker-configuration\n" " (name \"slock\")\n" " (program (file-append slock \"/bin/slock\"))))\n" msgstr "" "(service screen-locker-service-type\n" " (screen-locker-configuration\n" " (name \"slock\")\n" " (program (file-append slock \"/bin/slock\"))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2849 msgid "If you manually lock your screen, e.g. by directly calling slock when you want to lock your screen but not suspend it, it's a good idea to notify xss-lock about this so no confusion occurs. This can be done by executing @code{xset s activate} immediately before you execute slock." msgstr "Si bloquea manualmente su pantalla, por ejemplo, llamando directamente a slock cuando desea bloquear su pantalla pero no suspenderla, es una buena idea notificar a xss-lock sobre esto para que no se produzcan confusiones. Esto puede hacerse ejecutando @code{xset s activate} inmediatamente antes de ejecutar slock." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2852 #, no-wrap msgid "linode, Linode" msgstr "linode, Linode" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2857 msgid "To run Guix on a server hosted by @uref{https://www.linode.com, Linode}, start with a recommended Debian server. We recommend using the default distro as a way to bootstrap Guix. Create your SSH keys." msgstr "Para ejecutar Guix en un servidor alojado en @uref{https://www.linode.com, Linode}, comience con un servidor Debian recomendado. Recomendamos usar la distribución por defecto para arrancar Guix. Crea tus claves SSH." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2860 #, no-wrap msgid "ssh-keygen\n" msgstr "ssh-keygen\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2866 msgid "Be sure to add your SSH key for easy login to the remote server. This is trivially done via Linode's graphical interface for adding SSH keys. Go to your profile and click add SSH Key. Copy into it the output of:" msgstr "Asegúrese de añadir su clave SSH para facilitar el inicio de sesión en el servidor remoto. Esto se hace trivialmente a través de la interfaz gráfica de Linode para añadir claves SSH. Vaya a su perfil y pulse en añadir clave SSH. Copie en él la salida de:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2869 #, no-wrap msgid "cat ~/.ssh/_rsa.pub\n" msgstr "cat ~/.ssh/_rsa.pub\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2872 msgid "Power the Linode down." msgstr "Apaga el Linode." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2876 msgid "In the Linode's Storage tab, resize the Debian disk to be smaller. 30 GB free space is recommended. Then click \"Add a disk\", and fill out the form with the following:" msgstr "En la pestaña Almacenamiento del Linode, re-dimensione el disco de Debian para que sea más pequeño. Se recomiendan 30 GB de espacio libre. A continuación, haga clic en \"Añadir un disco\", y rellene el formulario con lo siguiente:" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2880 msgid "Label: \"Guix\"" msgstr "Etiqueta: «Guix»" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2883 msgid "Filesystem: ext4" msgstr "Sistema de archivo: ext4" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2886 msgid "Set it to the remaining size" msgstr "Ajústalo al tamaño restante" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2891 msgid "In the Configurations tab, press \"Edit\" on the default Debian profile. Under \"Block Device Assignment\" click \"Add a Device\". It should be @file{/dev/sdc} and you can select the \"Guix\" disk. Save Changes." msgstr "En la pestaña Configuraciones, pulse «Editar» en el perfil Debian por defecto. En «Asignación de dispositivos en bloque» pulse «Añadir un dispositivo». Debe ser @file{/dev/sdc} y puede seleccionar el disco «Guix». Guarde los cambios." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2893 msgid "Now \"Add a Configuration\", with the following:" msgstr "Ahora «Añadir una configuración», con lo siguiente:" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2896 msgid "Label: Guix" msgstr "Etiqueta: Guix" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2899 msgid "Kernel:GRUB 2 (it's at the bottom! This step is @b{IMPORTANT!})" msgstr "Kernel:GRUB 2 (¡está al final! Este paso es @b{¡IMPORTANTE!})" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2902 msgid "Block device assignment:" msgstr "Asignación de dispositivos en bloque:" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2905 msgid "@file{/dev/sda}: Guix" msgstr "@file{/dev/sda}: Guix" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2908 msgid "@file{/dev/sdb}: swap" msgstr "@file{/dev/sdb}: swap" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2911 msgid "Root device: @file{/dev/sda}" msgstr "Dispositivo raíz: @file{/dev/sda}" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2914 msgid "Turn off all the filesystem/boot helpers" msgstr "Desactivar todos los ayudantes del sistema de archivos/arranque" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2921 msgid "Now power it back up, booting with the Debian configuration. Once it's running, ssh to your server via @code{ssh root@@@var{}}. (You can find your server IP address in your Linode Summary section.) Now you can run the \"install guix from @pxref{Binary Installation,,, guix, GNU Guix}\" steps:" msgstr "Ahora enciéndelo de nuevo, arrancando con la configuración de Debian. Una vez que esté funcionando, conéctese a su servidor mediante @code{ssh root@@@var{}}. (Puede encontrar la dirección IP de su servidor en la sección Resumen de su Linode.) Ahora puede ejecutar los pasos de \"instalar guix desde @pxref{Instalación binaria,,, guix.es, GNU Guix}\":" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2929 #, no-wrap msgid "" "sudo apt-get install gpg\n" "wget https://sv.gnu.org/people/viewgpg.php?user_id=15145 -qO - | gpg --import -\n" "wget https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guix.git/plain/etc/guix-install.sh\n" "chmod +x guix-install.sh\n" "./guix-install.sh\n" "guix pull\n" msgstr "" "sudo apt-get install gpg\n" "wget https://sv.gnu.org/people/viewgpg.php?user_id=15145 -qO - | gpg --import -\n" "wget https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guix.git/plain/etc/guix-install.sh\n" "chmod +x guix-install.sh\n" "./guix-install.sh\n" "guix pull\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2933 msgid "Now it's time to write out a config for the server. The key information is below. Save the resulting file as @file{guix-config.scm}." msgstr "Ahora es el momento de escribir una configuración para el servidor. La información clave está por debajo. Guarde el archivo resultante como @file{guix-config.scm}." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2943 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu)\n" " (guix modules))\n" "(use-service-modules networking\n" " ssh)\n" "(use-package-modules admin\n" " package-management\n" " ssh\n" " tls)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu)\n" " (guix modules))\n" "(use-service-modules networking\n" " ssh)\n" "(use-package-modules admin\n" " package-management\n" " ssh\n" " tls)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2960 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " (host-name \"my-server\")\n" " (timezone \"America/New_York\")\n" " (locale \"en_US.UTF-8\")\n" " ;; This goofy code will generate the grub.cfg\n" " ;; without installing the grub bootloader on disk.\n" " (bootloader (bootloader-configuration\n" " (bootloader\n" " (bootloader\n" " (inherit grub-bootloader)\n" " (installer #~(const #true))))))\n" " (file-systems (cons (file-system\n" " (device \"/dev/sda\")\n" " (mount-point \"/\")\n" " (type \"ext4\"))\n" " %base-file-systems))\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " (host-name \"my-server\")\n" " (timezone \"America/New_York\")\n" " (locale \"en_US.UTF-8\")\n" " ;; Este tonto código generará el grub.cfg\n" " ;; sin instalar el gestor de arranque grub en el disco.\n" " (bootloader (bootloader-configuration\n" " (bootloader\n" " (bootloader\n" " (inherit grub-bootloader)\n" " (installer #~(const #true))))))\n" " (file-systems (cons (file-system\n" " (device \"/dev/sda\")\n" " (mount-point \"/\")\n" " (type \"ext4\"))\n" " %base-file-systems))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2963 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (swap-devices (list \"/dev/sdb\"))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (swap-devices (list \"/dev/sdb\"))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2967 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (initrd-modules (cons \"virtio_scsi\" ; Needed to find the disk\n" " %base-initrd-modules))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (initrd-modules (cons \"virtio_scsi\" ; Needed to find the disk\n" " %base-initrd-modules))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2976 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (users (cons (user-account\n" " (name \"janedoe\")\n" " (group \"users\")\n" " ;; Adding the account to the \"wheel\" group\n" " ;; makes it a sudoer.\n" " (supplementary-groups '(\"wheel\"))\n" " (home-directory \"/home/janedoe\"))\n" " %base-user-accounts))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (users (cons (user-account\n" " (name \"janedoe\")\n" " (group \"users\")\n" " ;; Añadir la cuenta al grupo \"wheel\n" " ;; makes it a sudoer.\n" " (supplementary-groups '(\"wheel\"))\n" " (home-directory \"/home/janedoe\"))\n" " %base-user-accounts))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2979 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" " (packages (cons* openssh-sans-x\n" " %base-packages))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (packages (cons* openssh-sans-x\n" " %base-packages))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2990 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (services (cons*\n" " (service dhcp-client-service-type)\n" " (service openssh-service-type\n" " (openssh-configuration\n" " (openssh openssh-sans-x)\n" " (password-authentication? #false)\n" " (authorized-keys\n" " `((\"janedoe\" ,(local-file \"janedoe_rsa.pub\"))\n" " (\"root\" ,(local-file \"janedoe_rsa.pub\"))))))\n" " %base-services)))\n" msgstr "" " (services (cons*\n" " (service dhcp-client-service-type)\n" " (service openssh-service-type\n" " (openssh-configuration\n" " (openssh openssh-sans-x)\n" " (password-authentication? #false)\n" " (authorized-keys\n" " `((\"janedoe\" ,(local-file \"janedoe_rsa.pub\"))\n" " (\"root\" ,(local-file \"janedoe_rsa.pub\"))))))\n" " %base-services)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:2993 msgid "Replace the following fields in the above configuration:" msgstr "Sustituya los siguientes campos en la configuración anterior:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3001 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(host-name \"my-server\") ; replace with your server name\n" "; if you chose a linode server outside the U.S., then\n" "; use tzselect to find a correct timezone string\n" "(timezone \"America/New_York\") ; if needed replace timezone\n" "(name \"janedoe\") ; replace with your username\n" "(\"janedoe\" ,(local-file \"janedoe_rsa.pub\")) ; replace with your ssh key\n" "(\"root\" ,(local-file \"janedoe_rsa.pub\")) ; replace with your ssh key\n" msgstr "" "(host-name \"my-server\") ; sustitúyalo por el nombre de su servidor\n" "; si eligió un servidor linode fuera de los EE.UU., entonces\n" "; utilice tzselect para encontrar una cadena de zona horaria correcta\n" "(timezone \"America/New_York\") ; si es necesario, sustituya la zona horaria\n" "(name \"janedoe\") ; sustitúyalo por su nombre de usuario\n" "(\"janedoe\" ,(local-file \"janedoe_rsa.pub\")) ; reemplace con su clave ssh\n" "(\"root\" ,(local-file \"janedoe_rsa.pub\")) ; reemplace con su clave ssh\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3008 msgid "The last line in the above example lets you log into the server as root and set the initial root password (see the note at the end of this recipe about root login). After you have done this, you may delete that line from your configuration and reconfigure to prevent root login." msgstr "La última línea del ejemplo anterior le permite iniciar sesión en el servidor como root y establecer la contraseña inicial de root (consulte la nota al final de esta receta sobre el inicio de sesión de root). Una vez hecho esto, puede eliminar esa línea de la configuración y volver a configurarla para evitar el inicio de sesión de root." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3013 msgid "Copy your ssh public key (eg: @file{~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub}) as @file{@var{}_rsa.pub} and put @file{guix-config.scm} in the same directory. In a new terminal run these commands." msgstr "Copia tu clave pública ssh (eg: @file{~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub}) como @file{@var{}_rsa.pub} y pone @file{guix-config.scm} en el mismo directorio. En un nuevo terminal ejecute estos comandos." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3018 #, no-wrap msgid "" "sftp root@@\n" "put /path/to/files/_rsa.pub .\n" "put /path/to/files/guix-config.scm .\n" msgstr "" "sftp root@@\n" "put /path/to/files/_rsa.pub .\n" "put /path/to/files/guix-config.scm .\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3021 msgid "In your first terminal, mount the guix drive:" msgstr "En tu primer terminal, monta la unidad guix:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3025 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkdir /mnt/guix\n" "mount /dev/sdc /mnt/guix\n" msgstr "" "mkdir /mnt/guix\n" "mount /dev/sdc /mnt/guix\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3030 msgid "Due to the way we set up the bootloader section of the guix-config.scm, only the grub configuration file will be installed. So, we need to copy over some of the other GRUB stuff already installed on the Debian system:" msgstr "Debido a la forma en que configuramos la sección del gestor de arranque de guix-config.scm, sólo se instalará el fichero de configuración de grub. Por lo tanto, necesitamos copiar algunas de las otras cosas de GRUB ya instaladas en el sistema Debian:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3034 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkdir -p /mnt/guix/boot/grub\n" "cp -r /boot/grub/* /mnt/guix/boot/grub/\n" msgstr "" "mkdir -p /mnt/guix/boot/grub\n" "cp -r /boot/grub/* /mnt/guix/boot/grub/\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3037 msgid "Now initialize the Guix installation:" msgstr "Ahora inicialice la instalación de Guix:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3040 #, no-wrap msgid "guix system init guix-config.scm /mnt/guix\n" msgstr "guix system init guix-config.scm /mnt/guix\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3044 msgid "Ok, power it down! Now from the Linode console, select boot and select \"Guix\"." msgstr "Bien, ¡apágalo! Ahora desde la consola de Linode, selecciona boot y selecciona \"Guix\"." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3047 msgid "Once it boots, you should be able to log in via SSH! (The server config will have changed though.) You may encounter an error like:" msgstr "Una vez que arranque, debería poder iniciar sesión a través de SSH. (La configuración del servidor habrá cambiado sin embargo.) Puede encontrar un error como:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3063 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ssh root@@\n" "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n" "@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @\n" "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n" "IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!\n" "Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!\n" "It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.\n" "The fingerprint for the ECDSA key sent by the remote host is\n" "SHA256:0B+wp33w57AnKQuHCvQP0+ZdKaqYrI/kyU7CfVbS7R4.\n" "Please contact your system administrator.\n" "Add correct host key in /home/joshua/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.\n" "Offending ECDSA key in /home/joshua/.ssh/known_hosts:3\n" "ECDSA host key for 198.58.98.76 has changed and you have requested strict checking.\n" "Host key verification failed.\n" msgstr "" "$ ssh root@@\n" "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n" "@ ADVERTENCIA: ¡LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DEL HOST REMOTO HA CAMBIADO! @\n" "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n" "¡ES POSIBLE QUE ALGUIEN ESTÉ HACIENDO ALGO DESAGRADABLE!\n" "¡Alguien podría estar escuchándole en este momento (ataque de intermediario).!\n" "También es posible que se acabe de cambiar una clave de host.\n" "La huella digital de la clave ECDSA enviada por el host remoto es\n" "SHA256:0B+wp33w57AnKQuHCvQP0+ZdKaqYrI/kyU7CfVbS7R4.\n" "Póngase en contacto con el administrador del sistema.\n" "Añada la clave de host correcta en /home/joshua/.ssh/known_hosts para deshacerse de este mensaje.\n" "Clave ECDSA infractora en /home/joshua/.ssh/known_hosts:3\n" "La clave de host ECDSA para 198.58.98.76 ha cambiado y ha solicitado una comprobación estricta.\n" "Error en la verificación de la clave del host.\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3067 msgid "Either delete @file{~/.ssh/known_hosts} file, or delete the offending line starting with your server IP address." msgstr "O bien borra el archivo @file{~/.ssh/known_hosts}, o borra la linea ofendida de inicio con su dirección IP de servidor." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3069 msgid "Be sure to set your password and root's password." msgstr "Asegúrate de establecer tu contraseña y la de root." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3074 #, no-wrap msgid "" "ssh root@@\n" "passwd ; for the root password\n" "passwd ; for the user password\n" msgstr "" "ssh root@@\n" "passwd ; para la contraseña de root\n" "passwd ; para la contraseña de usuario\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3081 msgid "You may not be able to run the above commands at this point. If you have issues remotely logging into your linode box via SSH, then you may still need to set your root and user password initially by clicking on the ``Launch Console'' option in your linode. Choose the ``Glish'' instead of ``Weblish''. Now you should be able to ssh into the machine." msgstr "Es posible que no pueda ejecutar los comandos anteriores en este punto. Si tiene problemas para iniciar sesión de forma remota en su caja linode a través de SSH, entonces es posible que aún tenga que establecer su contraseña de root y de usuario inicialmente haciendo clic en la opción ``Lanzar Consola'' en su linode. Elija ``Glish'' en lugar de ``Weblish''. Ahora usted debe ser capaz de ssh en la máquina." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3085 msgid "Hooray! At this point you can shut down the server, delete the Debian disk, and resize the Guix to the rest of the size. Congratulations!" msgstr "¡Hurra! En este punto puede apagar el servidor, borrar el disco Debian y redimensionar el Guix al resto del tamaño. ¡Enhorabuena!" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3090 msgid "By the way, if you save it as a disk image right at this point, you'll have an easy time spinning up new Guix images! You may need to down-size the Guix image to 6144MB, to save it as an image. Then you can resize it again to the max size." msgstr "Por cierto, si la guardas como imagen de disco en este momento, ¡te resultará muy fácil crear nuevas imágenes Guix! Puede que necesites reducir el tamaño de la imagen Guix a 6144MB, para guardarla como imagen. A continuación, puede cambiar el tamaño de nuevo al tamaño máximo." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3093 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "kimsufi, Kimsufi, OVH" msgstr "kimsufi, Kimsufi, OVH" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3097 msgid "To run Guix on a server hosted by @uref{https://www.kimsufi.com/, Kimsufi}, click on the netboot tab then select rescue64-pro and restart." msgstr "Para ejecutar Guix en un servidor alojado en @uref{https://www.kimsufi.com/, Kimsufi}, haz clic en la pestaña netboot, selecciona rescue64-pro y reinicia." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3099 msgid "OVH will email you the credentials required to ssh into a Debian system." msgstr "OVH le enviará por correo electrónico las credenciales necesarias para entrar por ssh en un sistema Debian." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3102 msgid "Now you can run the \"install guix from @pxref{Binary Installation,,, guix, GNU Guix}\" steps:" msgstr "Ahora puede ejecutar los pasos \"instalar guix desde @pxref{Instalación binaria,,, guix, GNU Guix}\":" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3108 #, no-wrap msgid "" "wget https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guix.git/plain/etc/guix-install.sh\n" "chmod +x guix-install.sh\n" "./guix-install.sh\n" "guix pull\n" msgstr "" "wget https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guix.git/plain/etc/guix-install.sh\n" "chmod +x guix-install.sh\n" "./guix-install.sh\n" "guix pull\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3111 msgid "Partition the drives and format them, first stop the raid array:" msgstr "Particionar los discos y formatearlos, primero parar el raid array:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3115 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mdadm --stop /dev/md127\n" "mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2\n" msgstr "" "mdadm --stop /dev/md127\n" "mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3119 msgid "Then wipe the disks and set up the partitions, we will create a RAID 1 array." msgstr "A continuación, limpie los discos y configurar las particiones, vamos a crear una matriz RAID 1." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3123 #, no-wrap msgid "" "wipefs -a /dev/sda\n" "wipefs -a /dev/sdb\n" "\n" msgstr "" "wipefs -a /dev/sda\n" "wipefs -a /dev/sdb\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3132 #, no-wrap msgid "" "parted /dev/sda --align=opt -s -m -- mklabel gpt\n" "parted /dev/sda --align=opt -s -m -- \\\n" " mkpart bios_grub 1049kb 512MiB \\\n" " set 1 bios_grub on\n" "parted /dev/sda --align=opt -s -m -- \\\n" " mkpart primary 512MiB -512MiB\n" " set 2 raid on\n" "parted /dev/sda --align=opt -s -m -- mkpart primary linux-swap 512MiB 100%\n" "\n" msgstr "" "parted /dev/sda --align=opt -s -m -- mklabel gpt\n" "parted /dev/sda --align=opt -s -m -- \\\n" " mkpart bios_grub 1049kb 512MiB \\\n" " set 1 bios_grub on\n" "parted /dev/sda --align=opt -s -m -- \\\n" " mkpart primary 512MiB -512MiB\n" " set 2 raid on\n" "parted /dev/sda --align=opt -s -m -- mkpart primary linux-swap 512MiB 100%\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3141 #, no-wrap msgid "" "parted /dev/sdb --align=opt -s -m -- mklabel gpt\n" "parted /dev/sdb --align=opt -s -m -- \\\n" " mkpart bios_grub 1049kb 512MiB \\\n" " set 1 bios_grub on\n" "parted /dev/sdb --align=opt -s -m -- \\\n" " mkpart primary 512MiB -512MiB \\\n" " set 2 raid on\n" "parted /dev/sdb --align=opt -s -m -- mkpart primary linux-swap 512MiB 100%\n" msgstr "" "parted /dev/sdb --align=opt -s -m -- mklabel gpt\n" "parted /dev/sdb --align=opt -s -m -- \\\n" " mkpart bios_grub 1049kb 512MiB \\\n" " set 1 bios_grub on\n" "parted /dev/sdb --align=opt -s -m -- \\\n" " mkpart primary 512MiB -512MiB \\\n" " set 2 raid on\n" "parted /dev/sdb --align=opt -s -m -- mkpart primary linux-swap 512MiB 100%\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3144 msgid "Create the array:" msgstr "Crea el array:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3148 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mdadm --create /dev/md127 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 \\\n" " --metadata=0.90 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2\n" msgstr "" "mdadm --create /dev/md127 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 \\\n" " --metadata=0.90 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3152 msgid "Now create file systems on the relevant partitions, first the boot partitions:" msgstr "Ahora cree sistemas de archivos en las particiones relevantes, primero las particiones de arranque:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3156 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1\n" "mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1\n" msgstr "" "mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1\n" "mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3159 msgid "Then the root partition:" msgstr "A continuación, la partición raíz:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3162 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs.ext4 /dev/md127\n" msgstr "mkfs.ext4 /dev/md127\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3165 msgid "Initialize the swap partitions:" msgstr "Inicializar las particiones swap:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3171 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkswap /dev/sda3\n" "swapon /dev/sda3\n" "mkswap /dev/sdb3\n" "swapon /dev/sdb3\n" msgstr "" "mkswap /dev/sda3\n" "swapon /dev/sda3\n" "mkswap /dev/sdb3\n" "swapon /dev/sdb3\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3174 msgid "Mount the guix drive:" msgstr "Monte la unidad guix:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3178 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkdir /mnt/guix\n" "mount /dev/md127 /mnt/guix\n" msgstr "" "mkdir /mnt/guix\n" "mount /dev/md127 /mnt/guix\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3182 msgid "Now is time to write an operating system declaration @file{os.scm} file; here is a sample:" msgstr "Ahora es el momento de escribir una declaración del sistema operativo del archivo @file{os.scm}; aquí tiene una muestra:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3187 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu) (guix))\n" "(use-service-modules networking ssh vpn virtualization sysctl admin mcron)\n" "(use-package-modules ssh tls tmux vpn virtualization)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu) (guix))\n" "(use-service-modules networking ssh vpn virtualization sysctl admin mcron)\n" "(use-package-modules ssh tls tmux vpn virtualization)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3190 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " (host-name \"kimsufi\")\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " (host-name \"kimsufi\")\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3195 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (bootloader (bootloader-configuration\n" "\t (bootloader grub-bootloader)\n" "\t (targets (list \"/dev/sda\" \"/dev/sdb\"))\n" "\t (terminal-outputs '(console))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (bootloader (bootloader-configuration\n" "\t (bootloader grub-bootloader)\n" "\t (targets (list \"/dev/sda\" \"/dev/sdb\"))\n" "\t (terminal-outputs '(console))))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3198 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; Add a kernel module for RAID-1 (aka. \"mirror\").\n" " (initrd-modules (cons* \"raid1\" %base-initrd-modules))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " ;; Añadir un módulo de kernel para RAID-1 (aka. \"mirror\").\n" " (initrd-modules (cons* \"raid1\" %base-initrd-modules))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3204 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (mapped-devices\n" " (list (mapped-device\n" " (source (list \"/dev/sda2\" \"/dev/sdb2\"))\n" " (target \"/dev/md127\")\n" " (type raid-device-mapping))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (mapped-devices\n" " (list (mapped-device\n" " (source (list \"/dev/sda2\" \"/dev/sdb2\"))\n" " (target \"/dev/md127\")\n" " (type raid-device-mapping))))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3210 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (swap-devices\n" " (list (swap-space\n" " (target \"/dev/sda3\"))\n" " (swap-space\n" " (target \"/dev/sdb3\"))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (swap-devices\n" " (list (swap-space\n" " (target \"/dev/sda3\"))\n" " (swap-space\n" " (target \"/dev/sdb3\"))))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3215 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (issue\n" " ;; Default contents for /etc/issue.\n" " \"\\\n" "This is the GNU system at Kimsufi. Welcome.\\n\")\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (issue\n" " ;; Default contents for /etc/issue.\n" " \"\\\n" "Este es el sistema GNU en Kimsufi. Bienvenido.\\n\")\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3222 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (file-systems (cons* (file-system\n" "\t\t (mount-point \"/\")\n" "\t\t (device \"/dev/md127\")\n" "\t\t (type \"ext4\")\n" "\t\t (dependencies mapped-devices))\n" "\t\t %base-file-systems))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (file-systems (cons* (file-system\n" "\t\t (mount-point \"/\")\n" "\t\t (device \"/dev/md127\")\n" "\t\t (type \"ext4\")\n" "\t\t (dependencies mapped-devices))\n" "\t\t %base-file-systems))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3230 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (users (cons (user-account\n" "\t (name \"guix\")\n" "\t (comment \"guix\")\n" "\t (group \"users\")\n" "\t (supplementary-groups '(\"wheel\"))\n" "\t (home-directory \"/home/guix\"))\n" "\t %base-user-accounts))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (users (cons (user-account\n" "\t (name \"guix\")\n" "\t (comment \"guix\")\n" "\t (group \"users\")\n" "\t (supplementary-groups '(\"wheel\"))\n" "\t (home-directory \"/home/guix\"))\n" "\t %base-user-accounts))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3236 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (sudoers-file\n" " (plain-file \"sudoers\" \"\\\n" "root ALL=(ALL) ALL\n" "%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL\n" "guix ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL\\n\"))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (sudoers-file\n" " (plain-file \"sudoers\" \"\\\n" "root ALL=(ALL) ALL\n" "%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL\n" "guix ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL\\n\"))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3250 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; Globally-installed packages.\n" " (packages (cons* tmux gnutls wireguard-tools %base-packages))\n" " (services\n" " (cons*\n" " (service static-networking-service-type\n" "\t (list (static-networking\n" "\t\t (addresses (list (network-address\n" "\t\t\t\t (device \"enp3s0\")\n" "\t\t\t\t (value \"@var{server-ip-address}/24\"))))\n" "\t\t (routes (list (network-route\n" "\t\t\t\t (destination \"default\")\n" "\t\t\t\t (gateway \"@var{server-gateway}\"))))\n" "\t\t (name-servers '(\"213.186.33.99\")))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" " ;; Paquetes instalados globalmente.\n" " (packages (cons* tmux gnutls wireguard-tools %base-packages))\n" " (services\n" " (cons*\n" " (service static-networking-service-type\n" "\t (list (static-networking\n" "\t\t (addresses (list (network-address\n" "\t\t\t\t (device \"enp3s0\")\n" "\t\t\t\t (value \"@var{server-ip-address}/24\"))))\n" "\t\t (routes (list (network-route\n" "\t\t\t\t (destination \"default\")\n" "\t\t\t\t (gateway \"@var{server-gateway}\"))))\n" "\t\t (name-servers '(\"213.186.33.99\")))))\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3252 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (service unattended-upgrade-service-type)\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (service unattended-upgrade-service-type)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3267 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (service openssh-service-type\n" "\t (openssh-configuration\n" "\t (openssh openssh-sans-x)\n" "\t (permit-root-login #f)\n" "\t (authorized-keys\n" "\t `((\"guix\" ,(plain-file \"@var{ssh-key-name.pub}\"\n" " \"@var{ssh-public-key-content}\"))))))\n" " (modify-services %base-services\n" " (sysctl-service-type\n" " config =>\n" " (sysctl-configuration\n" "\t(settings (append '((\"net.ipv6.conf.all.autoconf\" . \"0\")\n" "\t\t\t (\"net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra\" . \"0\"))\n" "\t\t\t %default-sysctl-settings))))))))\n" msgstr "" " (service openssh-service-type\n" "\t (openssh-configuration\n" "\t (openssh openssh-sans-x)\n" "\t (permit-root-login #f)\n" "\t (authorized-keys\n" "\t `((\"guix\" ,(plain-file \"@var{ssh-key-name.pub}\"\n" " \"@var{ssh-public-key-content}\"))))))\n" " (modify-services %base-services\n" " (sysctl-service-type\n" " config =>\n" " (sysctl-configuration\n" "\t(settings (append '((\"net.ipv6.conf.all.autoconf\" . \"0\")\n" "\t\t\t (\"net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra\" . \"0\"))\n" "\t\t\t %default-sysctl-settings))))))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3272 msgid "Don't forget to substitute the @var{server-ip-address}, @var{server-gateway}, @var{ssh-key-name} and @var{ssh-public-key-content} variables with your own values." msgstr "No olvide sustituir el @var{server-ip-address}, @var{server-gateway}, @var{ssh-key-name} y @var{ssh-public-key-content} con sus propios valores." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3276 msgid "The gateway is the last usable IP in your block so if you have a server with an IP of @samp{37.187.79.10} then its gateway will be @samp{37.187.79.254}." msgstr "La puerta de enlace es la última IP utilizable de su bloque, por lo que si tiene un servidor con una IP de @samp{37.187.79.10} entonces su puerta de enlace será @samp{37.187.79.254}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3279 msgid "Transfer your operating system declaration @file{os.scm} file on the server via the @command{scp} or @command{sftp} commands." msgstr "Transfiera su declaración de sistema operativo @file{os.scm} en el servidor a través de @command{scp} o comandos @command{sftp}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3282 msgid "Now all that is left is to install Guix with a @code{guix system init} and restart." msgstr "Ahora sólo queda instalar Guix con un @code{guix system init} y reinicia." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3287 msgid "However we first need to set up a chroot, because the root partition of the rescue system is mounted on an aufs partition and if you try to install Guix it will fail at the GRUB install step complaining about the canonical path of \"aufs\"." msgstr "Sin embargo, primero necesitamos configurar un chroot, porque la partición raíz del sistema de rescate está montada en una partición aufs y si intentas instalar Guix fallará en el paso de instalación de GRUB quejándose de la ruta canónica de \"aufs\"." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3289 msgid "Install packages that will be used in the chroot:" msgstr "Instala los paquetes que se utilizarán en el chroot:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3292 #, no-wrap msgid "guix install bash-static parted util-linux-with-udev coreutils guix\n" msgstr "guix install bash-static parted util-linux-with-udev coreutils guix\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3295 msgid "Then run the following to create directories needed for the chroot:" msgstr "A continuación, ejecute lo siguiente para crear los directorios necesarios para el chroot:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3300 #, no-wrap msgid "" "cd /mnt && \\\n" "mkdir -p bin etc gnu/store root/.guix-profile/ root/.config/guix/current \\\n" " var/guix proc sys dev\n" msgstr "" "cd /mnt && \\\n" "mkdir -p bin etc gnu/store root/.guix-profile/ root/.config/guix/current \\\n" " var/guix proc sys dev\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3303 msgid "Copy the host resolv.conf in the chroot:" msgstr "Copie el host resolv.conf en el chroot:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3306 #, no-wrap msgid "cp /etc/resolv.conf etc/\n" msgstr "cp /etc/resolv.conf etc/\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3309 msgid "Mount block devices, the store and its database and the current guix config:" msgstr "Montar dispositivos de bloque, el almacén y su base de datos y la configuración guix actual:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3319 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mount --rbind /proc /mnt/proc\n" "mount --rbind /sys /mnt/sys\n" "mount --rbind /dev /mnt/dev\n" "mount --rbind /var/guix/ var/guix/\n" "mount --rbind /gnu/store gnu/store/\n" "mount --rbind /root/.config/ root/.config/\n" "mount --rbind /root/.guix-profile/bin/ bin\n" "mount --rbind /root/.guix-profile root/.guix-profile/\n" msgstr "" "mount --rbind /proc /mnt/proc\n" "mount --rbind /sys /mnt/sys\n" "mount --rbind /dev /mnt/dev\n" "mount --rbind /var/guix/ var/guix/\n" "mount --rbind /gnu/store gnu/store/\n" "mount --rbind /root/.config/ root/.config/\n" "mount --rbind /root/.guix-profile/bin/ bin\n" "mount --rbind /root/.guix-profile root/.guix-profile/\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3322 msgid "Chroot in /mnt and install the system:" msgstr "Chroot en /mnt e instalar el sistema:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3325 #, no-wrap msgid "" "chroot /mnt/ /bin/bash\n" "\n" msgstr "" "chroot /mnt/ /bin/bash\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3327 #, no-wrap msgid "guix system init /root/os.scm /guix\n" msgstr "guix system init /root/os.scm /guix\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3331 msgid "Finally, from the web user interface (UI), change @samp{netboot} to @samp{boot to disk} and restart (also from the web UI)." msgstr "Por último, desde la interfaz de usuario web (UI), cambia @samp{netboot} por @samp{boot to disk} y reinicia (también desde la UI web)." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3334 msgid "Wait a few minutes and try to ssh with @code{ssh guix@@@var{server-ip-address>} -i @var{path-to-your-ssh-key}}" msgstr "Espera unos minutos e intenta hacer ssh con @code{ssh guix@@@var{dirección-ip-del-servidor>} -i @var{path-to-your-ssh-key}}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3337 msgid "You should have a Guix system up and running on Kimsufi; congratulations!" msgstr "Deberías tener un sistema Guix funcionando en Kimsufi; ¡enhorabuena!" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3346 msgid "To bind mount a file system, one must first set up some definitions before the @code{operating-system} section of the system definition. In this example we will bind mount a folder from a spinning disk drive to @file{/tmp}, to save wear and tear on the primary SSD, without dedicating an entire partition to be mounted as @file{/tmp}." msgstr "Para enlazar el montaje de un sistema de archivos, primero hay que establecer algunas definiciones antes de la sección @code{operating-system} de la definición del sistema. En este ejemplo vamos a bind mount una carpeta de una unidad de disco giratorio a @file{/tmp}, para ahorrar desgaste en el SSD primario, sin dedicar una partición entera a ser montada como @file{/tmp}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3349 msgid "First, the source drive that hosts the folder we wish to bind mount should be defined, so that the bind mount can depend on it." msgstr "En primer lugar, debe definirse la unidad de origen que aloja la carpeta que deseamos montar de forma enlazada, para que el montaje enlazado pueda depender de ella." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3356 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define source-drive ;; \"source-drive\" can be named anything you want.\n" " (file-system\n" " (device (uuid \"UUID goes here\"))\n" " (mount-point \"/path-to-spinning-disk-goes-here\")\n" " (type \"ext4\"))) ;Make sure to set this to the appropriate type for your drive.\n" msgstr "" "(define source-drive ;; \"source-drive\" puede llamarse como quieras.\n" " (file-system\n" " (device (uuid \"UUID goes here\"))\n" " (mount-point \"/path-to-spinning-disk-goes-here\")\n" " (type \"ext4\"))) ;Asegúrese de establecer el tipo adecuado para su unidad..\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3360 msgid "The source folder must also be defined, so that guix will know it's not a regular block device, but a folder." msgstr "También debe definirse la carpeta de origen, para que guix sepa que no se trata de un dispositivo de bloque normal, sino de una carpeta." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3363 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; \"source-directory\" can be named any valid variable name.\n" "(define (%source-directory) \"/path-to-spinning-disk-goes-here/tmp\")\n" msgstr "" ";; \"source-directory\" puede denominarse con cualquier nombre de variable válido.\n" "(define (%source-directory) \"/path-to-spinning-disk-goes-here/tmp\")\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3367 msgid "Finally, inside the @code{file-systems} definition, we must add the mount itself." msgstr "Por último, dentro del @code{file-systems} definición, debemos añadir el propio montaje." #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3370 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(file-systems (cons*\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(file-systems (cons*\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3372 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ......\n" "\n" msgstr "" " ......\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3375 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; Must match the name you gave the source drive in the earlier definition.\n" " source-drive\n" "\n" msgstr "" " ;; Debe coincidir con el nombre que le diste a la unidad de origen en la definición anterior.\n" " source-drive\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3386 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (file-system\n" " ;; Make sure \"source-directory\" matches your earlier definition.\n" " (device (%source-directory))\n" " (mount-point \"/tmp\")\n" " ;; We are mounting a folder, not a partition, so this type needs to be \"none\"\n" " (type \"none\")\n" " (flags '(bind-mount))\n" " ;; Ensure \"source-drive\" matches what you've named the variable for the drive.\n" " (dependencies (list source-drive))\n" " )\n" "\n" msgstr "" " (file-system\n" " ;; Asegúrese de que \"directorio-fuente\" coincide con su definición anterior.\n" " (device (%source-directory))\n" " (mount-point \"/tmp\")\n" " ;; Estamos montando una carpeta, no una partición, por lo que este tipo debe ser \"none\"\n" " (type \"none\")\n" " (flags '(bind-mount))\n" " ;; Asegúrese de que \"source-drive\" coincide con el nombre que ha dado a la variable de la unidad..\n" " (dependencies (list source-drive))\n" " )\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3388 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ......\n" "\n" msgstr "" " ......\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3390 #, no-wrap msgid " ))\n" msgstr " ))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3397 msgid "Guix daemon can use a HTTP proxy to get substitutes, here we are configuring it to get them via Tor." msgstr "El daemon Guix puede usar un proxy HTTP para obtener sustituciones, aquí lo estamos configurando para obtenerlos vía Tor." #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3398 #, no-wrap msgid "Warning" msgstr "Aviso" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3404 msgid "@emph{Not all} Guix daemon's traffic will go through Tor! Only HTTP/HTTPS will get proxied; FTP, Git protocol, SSH, etc connections will still go through the clearnet. Again, this configuration isn't foolproof some of your traffic won't get routed by Tor at all. Use it at your own risk." msgstr "@emph{No todos} ¡El tráfico del daemon Guix irá a través de Tor! Sólo conexiones proxy HTTP/HTTPS; FTP, protocolo Git, SSH, etc seguirá pasando por la clearnet. De nuevo, esta configuración no es infalible, parte de su tráfico no será enrutado por Tor en absoluto. Utilícelo bajo su propia responsabilidad." #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3410 msgid "Also note that the procedure described here applies only to package substitution. When you update your guix distribution with @command{guix pull}, you still need to use @command{torsocks} if you want to route the connection to guix's git repository servers through Tor." msgstr "Tenga en cuenta también que el procedimiento aquí descrito sólo se aplica a la sustitución de paquetes. Cuando actualice su distribución guix con @command{guix pull}, todavía necesitas usar @command{torsocks} si quieres enrutar la conexión a los servidores de repositorios git de guix a través de Tor." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3415 msgid "Guix's substitute server is available as a Onion service, if you want to use it to get your substitutes through Tor configure your system as follow:" msgstr "El servidor de sustitutos de Guix está disponible como un servicio Onion, si quiere usarlo para obtener sus sustitutos a través de Tor configure su sistema como sigue:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3419 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-service-module base networking)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-service-module base networking)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3436 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " …\n" " (services\n" " (cons\n" " (service tor-service-type\n" " (tor-configuration\n" " (config-file (plain-file \"tor-config\"\n" " \"HTTPTunnelPort 127.0.0.1:9250\"))))\n" " (modify-services %base-services\n" " (guix-service-type\n" " config => (guix-configuration\n" " (inherit config)\n" " ;; ci.guix.gnu.org's Onion service\n" " (substitute-urls \"\\\n" "@value{SUBSTITUTE-TOR-URL}\")\n" " (http-proxy \"http://localhost:9250\")))))))\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " …\n" " (services\n" " (cons\n" " (service tor-service-type\n" " (tor-configuration\n" " (config-file (plain-file \"tor-config\"\n" " \"HTTPTunnelPort 127.0.0.1:9250\"))))\n" " (modify-services %base-services\n" " (guix-service-type\n" " config => (guix-configuration\n" " (inherit config)\n" " ;; ci.guix.gnu.org's Onion service\n" " (substitute-urls \"\\\n" "@value{SUBSTITUTE-TOR-URL}\")\n" " (http-proxy \"http://localhost:9250\")))))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3445 msgid "This will keep a tor process running that provides a HTTP CONNECT tunnel which will be used by @command{guix-daemon}. The daemon can use other protocols than HTTP(S) to get remote resources, request using those protocols won't go through Tor since we are only setting a HTTP tunnel here. Note that @code{substitutes-urls} is using HTTPS and not HTTP or it won't work, that's a limitation of Tor's tunnel; you may want to use @command{privoxy} instead to avoid such limitations." msgstr "Esto mantendrá un proceso Tor en ejecución que proporciona un túnel HTTP CONNECT que será utilizado por @command{guix-daemon}. El daemon puede usar otros protocolos que HTTP(S) para obtener recursos remotos, las peticiones que usen esos protocolos no pasarán por Tor ya que aquí sólo estamos configurando un túnel HTTP. Tenga en cuenta que @code{substitutes-urls} está usando HTTPS y no HTTP o no funcionará, es una limitación del túnel de Tor; puede que quiera usar @command{privoxy} en su lugar para evitar tales limitaciones." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3449 msgid "If you don't want to always get substitutes through Tor but using it just some of the times, then skip the @code{guix-configuration}. When you want to get a substitute from the Tor tunnel run:" msgstr "Si no quiere obtener sustitutos siempre a través de Tor sino usarlo sólo algunas veces, entonces omita el @code{guix-configuration}. Cuando desee obtener un sustituto del túnel Tor ejecute:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3454 #, no-wrap msgid "" "sudo herd set-http-proxy guix-daemon http://localhost:9250\n" "guix build \\\n" " --substitute-urls=@value{SUBSTITUTE-TOR-URL} @dots{}\n" msgstr "" "sudo herd set-http-proxy guix-daemon http://localhost:9250\n" "guix build \\\n" " --substitute-urls=@value{SUBSTITUTE-TOR-URL} @dots{}\n" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3458 #, no-wrap msgid "nginx, lua, openresty, resty" msgstr "nginx, lua, openresty, resty" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3461 msgid "NGINX could be extended with Lua scripts." msgstr "NGINX podría ampliarse con scripts Lua." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3464 msgid "Guix provides NGINX service with ability to load Lua module and specific Lua packages, and reply to requests by evaluating Lua scripts." msgstr "Guix proporciona al servicio NGINX la capacidad de cargar el módulo Lua y paquetes Lua específicos, y responder a las peticiones evaluando scripts Lua." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3468 msgid "The following example demonstrates system definition with configuration to evaluate @file{index.lua} Lua script on HTTP request to @uref{http://localhost/hello} endpoint:" msgstr "El siguiente ejemplo demuestra la definición del sistema con la configuración para evaluar @file{index.lua} Lua en una petición HTTP al punto final @uref{http://localhost/hello}:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3471 #, no-wrap msgid "" "local shell = require \"resty.shell\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" "local shell = require \"resty.shell\"\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3475 #, no-wrap msgid "" "local stdin = \"\"\n" "local timeout = 1000 -- ms\n" "local max_size = 4096 -- byte\n" "\n" msgstr "" "local stdin = \"\"\n" "local timeout = 1000 -- ms\n" "local max_size = 4096 -- byte\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3478 #, no-wrap msgid "" "local ok, stdout, stderr, reason, status =\n" " shell.run([[/run/current-system/profile/bin/ls /tmp]], stdin, timeout, max_size)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "local ok, stdout, stderr, reason, status =\n" " shell.run([[/run/current-system/profile/bin/ls /tmp]], stdin, timeout, max_size)\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3480 #, no-wrap msgid "ngx.say(stdout)\n" msgstr "ngx.say(stdout)\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3511 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-service-modules #;… web)\n" "(use-package-modules #;… lua)\n" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (services\n" " ;; …\n" " (service nginx-service-type\n" " (nginx-configuration\n" " (modules\n" " (list\n" " (file-append nginx-lua-module \"/etc/nginx/modules/ngx_http_lua_module.so\")))\n" " (lua-package-path (list lua-resty-core\n" " lua-resty-lrucache\n" " lua-resty-signal\n" " lua-tablepool\n" " lua-resty-shell))\n" " (lua-package-cpath (list lua-resty-signal))\n" " (server-blocks\n" " (list (nginx-server-configuration\n" " (server-name '(\"localhost\"))\n" " (listen '(\"80\"))\n" " (root \"/etc\")\n" " (locations (list\n" " (nginx-location-configuration\n" " (uri \"/hello\")\n" " (body (list #~(format #f \"content_by_lua_file ~s;\"\n" " #$(local-file \"index.lua\"))))))))))))))\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-service-modules #;… web)\n" "(use-package-modules #;… lua)\n" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (services\n" " ;; …\n" " (service nginx-service-type\n" " (nginx-configuration\n" " (modules\n" " (list\n" " (file-append nginx-lua-module \"/etc/nginx/modules/ngx_http_lua_module.so\")))\n" " (lua-package-path (list lua-resty-core\n" " lua-resty-lrucache\n" " lua-resty-signal\n" " lua-tablepool\n" " lua-resty-shell))\n" " (lua-package-cpath (list lua-resty-signal))\n" " (server-blocks\n" " (list (nginx-server-configuration\n" " (server-name '(\"localhost\"))\n" " (listen '(\"80\"))\n" " (root \"/etc\")\n" " (locations (list\n" " (nginx-location-configuration\n" " (uri \"/hello\")\n" " (body (list #~(format #f \"content_by_lua_file ~s;\"\n" " #$(local-file \"index.lua\"))))))))))))))\n" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3515 #, no-wrap msgid "mpd" msgstr "mpd" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3516 #, no-wrap msgid "music server, headless" msgstr "servidor de música, sin cabeza" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3517 #, no-wrap msgid "bluetooth, ALSA configuration" msgstr "bluetooth, configuración ALSA" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3524 msgid "MPD, the Music Player Daemon, is a flexible server-side application for playing music. Client programs on different machines on the network --- a mobile phone, a laptop, a desktop workstation --- can connect to it to control the playback of audio files from your local music collection. MPD decodes the audio files and plays them back on one or many outputs." msgstr "MPD, Music Player Daemon, es una aplicación de servidor flexible para reproducir música. Los programas cliente de distintas máquinas de la red -un teléfono móvil, un portátil, una estación de trabajo de sobremesa- pueden conectarse a él para controlar la reproducción de archivos de audio de tu colección de música local. MPD descodifica los archivos de audio y los reproduce en una o varias salidas." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3531 msgid "By default MPD will play to the default audio device. In the example below we make things a little more interesting by setting up a headless music server. There will be no graphical user interface, no Pulseaudio daemon, and no local audio output. Instead we will configure MPD with two outputs: a bluetooth speaker and a web server to serve audio streams to any streaming media player." msgstr "Por defecto MPD reproducirá en el dispositivo de audio por defecto. En el siguiente ejemplo hacemos las cosas un poco más interesantes configurando un servidor de música sin cabeza. No habrá interfaz gráfica de usuario, ni daemon Pulseaudio, ni salida de audio local. En su lugar configuraremos MPD con dos salidas: un altavoz bluetooth y un servidor web para servir flujos de audio a cualquier reproductor multimedia de streaming." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3537 msgid "Bluetooth is often rather frustrating to set up. You will have to pair your Bluetooth device and make sure that the device is automatically connected as soon as it powers on. The Bluetooth system service returned by the @code{bluetooth-service} procedure provides the infrastructure needed to set this up." msgstr "La configuración de Bluetooth suele ser bastante frustrante. Tendrás que emparejar tu dispositivo Bluetooth y asegurarte que se conecta automáticamente en cuanto se enciende. El servicio del sistema Bluetooth devuelto por el procedimiento @code{bluetooth-service} proporciona la infraestructura necesaria para configurar esto." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3540 msgid "Reconfigure your system with at least the following services and packages:" msgstr "Reconfigura su sistema con al menos los siguientes servicios y paquetes:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3550 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (packages (cons* bluez bluez-alsa\n" " %base-packages))\n" " (services\n" " ;; …\n" " (dbus-service #:services (list bluez-alsa))\n" " (bluetooth-service #:auto-enable? #t)))\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (packages (cons* bluez bluez-alsa\n" " %base-packages))\n" " (services\n" " ;; …\n" " (dbus-service #:services (list bluez-alsa))\n" " (bluetooth-service #:auto-enable? #t)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3557 msgid "Start the @code{bluetooth} service and then use @command{bluetoothctl} to scan for Bluetooth devices. Try to identify your Bluetooth speaker and pick out its device ID from the resulting list of devices that is indubitably dominated by a baffling smorgasbord of your neighbors' home automation gizmos. This only needs to be done once:" msgstr "Inicia el servicio @code{bluetoooth} y después utilice @command{bluetoothctl} para analizar dispositivos Bluetooth. Intente identificar su altavoz Bluetooth y extraer el ID de dispositivo desde el listado del resultado de dispositivos que estén indubitables por variedad desconcertante de automatización del inicio de vecinos. Esto solo necesita ser realizado una vez:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3561 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ bluetoothctl \n" "[NEW] Controller 00:11:22:33:95:7F BlueZ 5.40 [default]\n" "\n" msgstr "" "$ bluetoothctl \n" "[NEW] Controlador 00:11:22:33:95:7F BlueZ 5.40 [predet.]\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3564 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[bluetooth]# power on\n" "[bluetooth]# Changing power on succeeded\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[bluetooth]# power on\n" "[bluetooth]# Cambiando a encendido correcto\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3567 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[bluetooth]# agent on\n" "[bluetooth]# Agent registered\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[bluetooth]# agent on\n" "[bluetooth]# Agente registrado\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3570 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[bluetooth]# default-agent\n" "[bluetooth]# Default agent request successful\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[bluetooth]# default-agent\n" "[bluetooth]# Solicitud de agente por defecto solicita correcta\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3577 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "[bluetooth]# scan on\n" "[bluetooth]# Discovery started\n" "[CHG] Controller 00:11:22:33:95:7F Discovering: yes\n" "[NEW] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD My Bluetooth Speaker\n" "[NEW] Device 44:44:FF:2A:20:DC My Neighbor's TV\n" "@dots{}\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[bluetooth]# scan on\n" "[bluetooth]# Discovery started\n" "[CHG] Controller 00:11:22:33:95:7F Discovering: yes\n" "[NEW] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD My Bluetooth Speaker\n" "[NEW] Device 44:44:FF:2A:20:DC My Neighbor's TV\n" "@dots{}\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3581 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "[bluetooth]# pair AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "Attempting to pair with AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Connected: yes\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[bluetooth]# pair AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "Attempting to pair with AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Connected: yes\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3587 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[My Bluetooth Speaker]# [CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD UUIDs: 0000110b-0000-1000-8000-00xxxxxxxxxx\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD UUIDs: 0000110c-0000-1000-8000-00xxxxxxxxxx\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD UUIDs: 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00xxxxxxxxxx\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Paired: yes\n" "Pairing successful\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[My Bluetooth Speaker]# [CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD UUIDs: 0000110b-0000-1000-8000-00xxxxxxxxxx\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD UUIDs: 0000110c-0000-1000-8000-00xxxxxxxxxx\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD UUIDs: 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00xxxxxxxxxx\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Paired: yes\n" "Pairing successful\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3589 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Connected: no\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Connected: no\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3594 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[bluetooth]# \n" "[bluetooth]# trust AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "[bluetooth]# [CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Trusted: yes\n" "Changing AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD trust succeeded\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[bluetooth]# \n" "[bluetooth]# trust AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "[bluetooth]# [CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Confiado: sí\n" "Cambiando AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD confianza lograda\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3601 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[bluetooth]# \n" "[bluetooth]# connect AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "Attempting to connect to AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "[bluetooth]# [CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD RSSI: -63\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Connected: yes\n" "Connection successful\n" "\n" msgstr "" "[bluetooth]# \n" "[bluetooth]# conecta a AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "Intentando conectar a AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\n" "[bluetooth]# [CHG] Dispositivo AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD RSSI: -63\n" "[CHG] Dispositivo AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD Conectado: sí\n" "Conexión lograda\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3606 #, no-wrap msgid "" "[My Bluetooth Speaker]# scan off\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD RSSI is nil\n" "Discovery stopped\n" "[CHG] Controller 00:11:22:33:95:7F Discovering: no\n" msgstr "" "[My Bluetooth Speaker]# scan off\n" "[CHG] Device AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD RSSI is nil\n" "Descubrimiento detenido\n" "[CHG] Controller 00:11:22:33:95:7F Discovering: no\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3610 msgid "Congratulations, you can now automatically connect to your Bluetooth speaker!" msgstr "Enhorabuena, ¡ya puedes conectarte automáticamente a tu altavoz Bluetooth!" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3620 msgid "It is now time to configure ALSA to use the @emph{bluealsa} Bluetooth module, so that you can define an ALSA pcm device corresponding to your Bluetooth speaker. For a headless server using @emph{bluealsa} with a fixed Bluetooth device is likely simpler than configuring Pulseaudio and its stream switching behavior. We configure ALSA by crafting a custom @code{alsa-configuration} for the @code{alsa-service-type}. The configuration will declare a @code{pcm} type @code{bluealsa} from the @code{bluealsa} module provided by the @code{bluez-alsa} package, and then define a @code{pcm} device of that type for your Bluetooth speaker." msgstr "Ahora es el momento de configurar ALSA para utilizar el módulo @emph{bluealsa} Bluetooth, para que puedas definir un dispositivo ALSA pcm correspondiente a tu altavoz Bluetooth. Para un servidor headless usar @emph{bluealsa} con un dispositivo Bluetooth fijo es probablemente más sencillo que configurar Pulseaudio y su comportamiento de conmutación de flujos. Configuramos ALSA creando un @code{alsa-configuration} personalizado para el @code{alsa-service-type}. La configuración declarará un tipo @code{pcm} @code{bluealsa} del módulo @code{bluealsa} proporcionado por el paquete @code{bluez-alsa} y, a continuación, definirá un dispositivo @code{pcm} de ese tipo para el altavoz Bluetooth." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3627 msgid "All that is left then is to make MPD send audio data to this ALSA device. We also add a secondary MPD output that makes the currently played audio files available as a stream through a web server on port 8080. When enabled a device on the network could listen to the audio stream by connecting any capable media player to the HTTP server on port 8080, independent of the status of the Bluetooth speaker." msgstr "Todo lo que queda entonces es hacer que MPD envíe datos de audio a este dispositivo ALSA. También añadimos una salida MPD secundaria que hace que los archivos de audio reproducidos actualmente estén disponibles como un flujo a través de un servidor web en el puerto 8080. Cuando se activa, un dispositivo de la red puede escuchar el flujo de audio conectando cualquier reproductor multimedia al servidor HTTP del puerto 8080, independientemente del estado del altavoz Bluetooth." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3630 msgid "What follows is the outline of an @code{operating-system} declaration that should accomplish the above-mentioned tasks:" msgstr "Lo que sigue es el esquema de una declaración @code{operating-system} que debería cumplir las tareas mencionadas:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3679 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-service-modules audio dbus sound #;… etc)\n" "(use-package-modules audio linux #;… etc)\n" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (packages (cons* bluez bluez-alsa\n" " %base-packages))\n" " (services\n" " ;; …\n" " (service mpd-service-type\n" " (mpd-configuration\n" " (user \"your-username\")\n" " (music-dir \"/path/to/your/music\")\n" " (address \"192.168.178.20\")\n" " (outputs (list (mpd-output\n" " (type \"alsa\")\n" " (name \"MPD\")\n" " (extra-options\n" " ;; Use the same name as in the ALSA\n" " ;; configuration below.\n" " '((device . \"pcm.btspeaker\"))))\n" " (mpd-output\n" " (type \"httpd\")\n" " (name \"streaming\")\n" " (enabled? #false)\n" " (always-on? #true)\n" " (tags? #true)\n" " (mixer-type 'null)\n" " (extra-options\n" " '((encoder . \"vorbis\")\n" " (port . \"8080\")\n" " (bind-to-address . \"192.168.178.20\")\n" " (max-clients . \"0\") ;no limit\n" " (quality . \"5.0\")\n" " (format . \"44100:16:1\"))))))))\n" " (dbus-service #:services (list bluez-alsa))\n" " (bluetooth-service #:auto-enable? #t)\n" " (service alsa-service-type\n" " (alsa-configuration\n" " (pulseaudio? #false) ;we don't need it\n" " (extra-options\n" " #~(string-append \"\\\n" "# Declare Bluetooth audio device type \\\"bluealsa\\\" from bluealsa module\n" "pcm_type.bluealsa @{\n" " lib \\\"\"\n" "#$(file-append bluez-alsa \"/lib/alsa-lib/libasound_module_pcm_bluealsa.so\") \"\\\"\n" "@}\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-service-modules audio dbus sound #;… etc)\n" "(use-package-modules audio linux #;… etc)\n" "(operating-system\n" " ;; …\n" " (packages (cons* bluez bluez-alsa\n" " %base-packages))\n" " (services\n" " ;; …\n" " (service mpd-service-type\n" " (mpd-configuration\n" " (user \"your-username\")\n" " (music-dir \"/path/to/your/music\")\n" " (address \"192.168.178.20\")\n" " (outputs (list (mpd-output\n" " (type \"alsa\")\n" " (name \"MPD\")\n" " (extra-options\n" " ;; Use the same name as in the ALSA\n" " ;; configuration below.\n" " '((device . \"pcm.btspeaker\"))))\n" " (mpd-output\n" " (type \"httpd\")\n" " (name \"streaming\")\n" " (enabled? #false)\n" " (always-on? #true)\n" " (tags? #true)\n" " (mixer-type 'null)\n" " (extra-options\n" " '((encoder . \"vorbis\")\n" " (port . \"8080\")\n" " (bind-to-address . \"192.168.178.20\")\n" " (max-clients . \"0\") ;no limit\n" " (quality . \"5.0\")\n" " (format . \"44100:16:1\"))))))))\n" " (dbus-service #:services (list bluez-alsa))\n" " (bluetooth-service #:auto-enable? #t)\n" " (service alsa-service-type\n" " (alsa-configuration\n" " (pulseaudio? #false) ;we don't need it\n" " (extra-options\n" " #~(string-append \"\\\n" "# Declara sonido Bluetooth de dispositivo con tipo \\\"bluealsa\\\" desde módulo bluealsa\n" "pcm_type.bluealsa @{\n" " lib \\\"\"\n" "#$(file-append bluez-alsa \"/lib/alsa-lib/libasound_module_pcm_bluealsa.so\") \"\\\"\n" "@}\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3685 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Declare control device type \\\"bluealsa\\\" from the same module\n" "ctl_type.bluealsa @{\n" " lib \\\"\"\n" "#$(file-append bluez-alsa \"/lib/alsa-lib/libasound_module_ctl_bluealsa.so\") \"\\\"\n" "@}\n" "\n" msgstr "" "# Declarar dispositivo de control tipo \\\"bluealsa\\\" desde el mismo módulo.\n" "ctl_type.bluealsa @{\n" " lib \\\"\"\n" "#$(file-append bluez-alsa \"/lib/alsa-lib/libasound_module_ctl_bluealsa.so\") \"\\\"\n" "@}\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3692 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Define the actual Bluetooth audio device.\n" "pcm.btspeaker @{\n" " type bluealsa\n" " device \\\"AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\\\" # unique device identifier\n" " profile \\\"a2dp\\\"\n" "@}\n" "\n" msgstr "" "# Define el dispositivo de audio Bluetooth real.\n" "pcm.btspeaker @{\n" " type bluealsa\n" " device \\\"AA:BB:CC:A4:AA:CD\\\" # unique device identifier\n" " profile \\\"a2dp\\\"\n" "@}\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3698 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Define an associated controller.\n" "ctl.btspeaker @{\n" " type bluealsa\n" "@}\n" "\"))))))\n" msgstr "" "# Definir un controlador asociado.\n" "ctl.btspeaker @{\n" " type bluealsa\n" "@}\n" "\"))))))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3702 msgid "Enjoy the music with the MPD client of your choice or a media player capable of streaming via HTTP!" msgstr "Disfruta de la música con el cliente MPD de tu elección o con un reproductor multimedia capaz de transmitir vía HTTP." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3715 msgid "The kernel Linux provides a number of shared facilities that are available to processes in the system. These facilities include a shared view on the file system, other processes, network devices, user and group identities, and a few others. Since Linux 3.19 a user can choose to @emph{unshare} some of these shared facilities for selected processes, providing them (and their child processes) with a different view on the system." msgstr "El núcleo Linux proporciona una serie de facilidades compartidas que están disponibles para los procesos del sistema. Estas facilidades incluyen una vista compartida sobre el sistema de archivos, otros procesos, dispositivos de red, identidades de usuario y grupo, y algunas otras. Desde Linux 3.19 un usuario puede elegir @emph{unshare} algunas de estas facilidades compartidas para procesos seleccionados, proporcionándoles a ellos (y a sus procesos hijos) una vista diferente del sistema." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3721 msgid "A process with an unshared @code{mount} namespace, for example, has its own view on the file system --- it will only be able to see directories that have been explicitly bound in its mount namespace. A process with its own @code{proc} namespace will consider itself to be the only process running on the system, running as PID 1." msgstr "Un proceso con un espacio de nombres @code{mount} no compartido, por ejemplo, tiene su propia vista sobre el sistema de archivos --- sólo podrá ver los directorios que han sido explícitamente vinculados en su espacio de nombres mount. Un proceso con su propio espacio de nombres @code{proc} se considerará a sí mismo como el único proceso ejecutándose en el sistema, ejecutándose como PID 1." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3728 msgid "Guix uses these kernel features to provide fully isolated environments and even complete Guix System containers, lightweight virtual machines that share the host system's kernel. This feature comes in especially handy when using Guix on a foreign distribution to prevent interference from foreign libraries or configuration files that are available system-wide." msgstr "Guix utiliza estas características del kernel para proporcionar entornos totalmente aislados e incluso contenedores completos de Guix System, máquinas virtuales ligeras que comparten el kernel del sistema anfitrión. Esta característica es especialmente útil cuando se utiliza Guix en una distribución extranjera para evitar la interferencia de bibliotecas extranjeras o archivos de configuración que están disponibles en todo el sistema." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3740 msgid "The easiest way to get started is to use @command{guix shell} with the @option{--container} option. @xref{Invoking guix shell,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual} for a reference of valid options." msgstr "La forma más fácil de empezar es usar @command{guix shell} con la opción @option{--container}. @xref{Invocar guix shell,,, guix, Manual de Referencia de GNU Guix} para una referencia de opciones válidas." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3747 msgid "The following snippet spawns a minimal shell process with most namespaces unshared from the system. The current working directory is visible to the process, but anything else on the file system is unavailable. This extreme isolation can be very useful when you want to rule out any sort of interference from environment variables, globally installed libraries, or configuration files." msgstr "El siguiente fragmento genera un proceso shell mínimo con la mayoría de los espacios de nombres no compartidos con el sistema. El directorio de trabajo actual es visible para el proceso, pero cualquier otra cosa en el sistema de archivos no está disponible. Este aislamiento extremo puede ser muy útil cuando se quiere descartar cualquier tipo de interferencia de variables de entorno, bibliotecas instaladas globalmente o archivos de configuración." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3750 #, no-wrap msgid "guix shell --container\n" msgstr "guix shell --container\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3757 msgid "It is a bleak environment, barren, desolate. You will find that not even the GNU coreutils are available here, so to explore this deserted wasteland you need to use built-in shell commands. Even the usually gigantic @file{/gnu/store} directory is reduced to a faint shadow of itself." msgstr "Es un entorno sombrío, estéril, desolado. Encontrará que ni siquiera los coreutils de GNU están disponibles aquí, así que para explorar este páramo desierto necesita usar comandos de shell incorporados. Incluso el normalmente gigantesco directorio @file{/gnu/store} está reducido a una débil sombra de sí mismo." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3767 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ echo /gnu/store/*\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-gcc-10.3.0-lib\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-glibc-2.33\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-bash-static-5.1.8\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-ncurses-6.2.20210619\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-bash-5.1.8\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-profile\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-readline-8.1.1\n" msgstr "" "$ echo /gnu/store/*\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-gcc-10.3.0-lib\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-glibc-2.33\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-bash-static-5.1.8\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-ncurses-6.2.20210619\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-bash-5.1.8\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-profile\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-readline-8.1.1\n" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3769 #, no-wrap msgid "exiting a container" msgstr "abandonando un contenedor" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3773 msgid "There isn't much you can do in an environment like this other than exiting it. You can use @key{^D} or @command{exit} to terminate this limited shell environment." msgstr "No hay mucho que se pueda hacer en un entorno así, aparte de salir de él. Puede utilizar @key{^D} o @command{exit} para finalizar este entorno de shell limitado." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3774 #, no-wrap msgid "exposing directories, container" msgstr "exponer directorios, contenedor" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3775 #, no-wrap msgid "sharing directories, container" msgstr "compartir directorios, contenedor" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3776 #, no-wrap msgid "mapping locations, container" msgstr "ubicaciones cartográficas, contenedor" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3785 msgid "You can make other directories available inside of the container environment; use @option{--expose=DIRECTORY} to bind-mount the given directory as a read-only location inside the container, or use @option{--share=DIRECTORY} to make the location writable. With an additional mapping argument after the directory name you can control the name of the directory inside the container. In the following example we map @file{/etc} on the host system to @file{/the/host/etc} inside a container in which the GNU coreutils are installed." msgstr "Puede hacer que otros directorios estén disponibles dentro del entorno del contenedor; utilice @option{--expose=DIRECTORY} para montar el directorio dado como una ubicación de sólo lectura dentro del contenedor, o utilice @option{--share=DIRECTORY} para hacer que la ubicación sea de escritura. Con un argumento de asignación adicional después del nombre del directorio puede controlar el nombre del directorio dentro del contenedor. En el siguiente ejemplo mapeamos @file{/etc} en el sistema anfitrión a @file{/el/host/etc} dentro de un contenedor en el que están instalados los coreutils de GNU." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3789 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix shell --container --share=/etc=/the/host/etc coreutils\n" "$ ls /the/host/etc\n" msgstr "" "$ guix shell --container --share=/etc=/the/host/etc coreutils\n" "$ ls /the/host/etc\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3796 msgid "Similarly, you can prevent the current working directory from being mapped into the container with the @option{--no-cwd} option. Another good idea is to create a dedicated directory that will serve as the container's home directory, and spawn the container shell from that directory." msgstr "Del mismo modo, puede evitar que el directorio de trabajo actual se asigne al contenedor con la opción @option{--no-cwd}. Otra buena idea es crear un directorio dedicado que servirá como directorio de inicio del contenedor, y generar el shell del contenedor desde ese directorio." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3797 #, no-wrap msgid "hide system libraries, container" msgstr "ocultar las bibliotecas del sistema, contenedor" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3798 #, no-wrap msgid "avoid ABI mismatch, container" msgstr "evitar el desajuste ABI, contenedor" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3808 msgid "On a foreign system a container environment can be used to compile software that cannot possibly be linked with system libraries or with the system's compiler toolchain. A common use-case in a research context is to install packages from within an R session. Outside of a container environment there is a good chance that the foreign compiler toolchain and incompatible system libraries are found first, resulting in incompatible binaries that cannot be used by R. In a container shell this problem disappears, as system libraries and executables simply aren't available due to the unshared @code{mount} namespace." msgstr "En un sistema ajeno se puede utilizar un entorno contenedor para compilar software que no se puede enlazar con las bibliotecas del sistema o con la cadena de herramientas del compilador del sistema. Un caso de uso común en un contexto de investigación es instalar paquetes desde una sesión de R. Fuera de un entorno de contenedor hay una buena probabilidad de que la cadena de herramientas del compilador extranjero y las bibliotecas del sistema incompatibles se encuentren primero, lo que resulta en binarios incompatibles que no pueden ser utilizados por R. En un shell de contenedor este problema desaparece, ya que las bibliotecas del sistema y los ejecutables simplemente no están disponibles debido al espacio de nombres @code{mount} no compartido." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3811 msgid "Let's take a comprehensive manifest providing a comfortable development environment for use with R:" msgstr "Tomemos un manifiesto exhaustivo que proporciona un entorno de desarrollo cómodo para su uso con R:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3815 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "(specifications->manifest\n" " (list \"r-minimal\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(specifications->manifest\n" " (list \"r-minimal\"\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3820 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; base packages\n" " \"bash-minimal\"\n" " \"glibc-locales\"\n" " \"nss-certs\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" " ;; base packages\n" " \"bash-minimal\"\n" " \"glibc-locales\"\n" " \"nss-certs\"\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3827 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; Common command line tools lest the container is too empty.\n" " \"coreutils\"\n" " \"grep\"\n" " \"which\"\n" " \"wget\"\n" " \"sed\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" " ;; Herramientas habituales de la línea de comandos, no sea que el contenedor esté demasiado vacío.\n" " \"coreutils\"\n" " \"grep\"\n" " \"which\"\n" " \"wget\"\n" " \"sed\"\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3830 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; R markdown tools\n" " \"pandoc\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" " ;; Herramientas R markdown\n" " \"pandoc\"\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3846 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; Toolchain and common libraries for \"install.packages\"\n" " \"gcc-toolchain@@10\"\n" " \"gfortran-toolchain\"\n" " \"gawk\"\n" " \"tar\"\n" " \"gzip\"\n" " \"unzip\"\n" " \"make\"\n" " \"cmake\"\n" " \"pkg-config\"\n" " \"cairo\"\n" " \"libxt\"\n" " \"openssl\"\n" " \"curl\"\n" " \"zlib\"))\n" msgstr "" " ;;Toolchain y bibliotecas comunes para \"install.packages\"\n" " \"gcc-toolchain@@10\"\n" " \"gfortran-toolchain\"\n" " \"gawk\"\n" " \"tar\"\n" " \"gzip\"\n" " \"unzip\"\n" " \"make\"\n" " \"cmake\"\n" " \"pkg-config\"\n" " \"cairo\"\n" " \"libxt\"\n" " \"openssl\"\n" " \"curl\"\n" " \"zlib\"))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3852 msgid "Let's use this to run R inside a container environment. For convenience we share the @code{net} namespace to use the host system's network interfaces. Now we can build R packages from source the traditional way without having to worry about ABI mismatch or incompatibilities." msgstr "Vamos a utilizar esto para ejecutar R dentro de un entorno de contenedor. Por conveniencia compartimos el espacio de nombres @code{net} para usar las interfaces de red del sistema anfitrión. Ahora podemos construir paquetes de R desde el código fuente de la forma tradicional sin tener que preocuparnos por desajustes ABI o incompatibilidades." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3855 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix shell --container --network --manifest=manifest.scm -- R\n" "\n" msgstr "" "$ guix shell --container --network --manifest=manifest.scm -- R\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3868 #, no-wrap msgid "" "R version 4.2.1 (2022-06-23) -- \"Funny-Looking Kid\"\n" "Copyright (C) 2022 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing\n" "@dots{}\n" "> e <- Sys.getenv(\"GUIX_ENVIRONMENT\")\n" "> Sys.setenv(GIT_SSL_CAINFO=paste0(e, \"/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt\"))\n" "> Sys.setenv(SSL_CERT_FILE=paste0(e, \"/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt\"))\n" "> Sys.setenv(SSL_CERT_DIR=paste0(e, \"/etc/ssl/certs\"))\n" "> install.packages(\"Cairo\", lib=paste0(getwd()))\n" "@dots{}\n" "* installing *source* package 'Cairo' ...\n" "@dots{}\n" "* DONE (Cairo)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "R version 4.2.1 (2022-06-23) -- \"Funny-Looking Kid\"\n" "© 2022 La base de R para el cálculo estadístico\n" "@dots{}\n" "> e <- Sys.getenv(\"GUIX_ENVIRONMENT\")\n" "> Sys.setenv(GIT_SSL_CAINFO=paste0(e, \"/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt\"))\n" "> Sys.setenv(SSL_CERT_FILE=paste0(e, \"/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt\"))\n" "> Sys.setenv(SSL_CERT_DIR=paste0(e, \"/etc/ssl/certs\"))\n" "> install.packages(\"Cairo\", lib=paste0(getwd()))\n" "@dots{}\n" "* installing *source* package 'Cairo' ...\n" "@dots{}\n" "* DONE (Cairo)\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3873 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The downloaded source packages are in\n" "\t'/tmp/RtmpCuwdwM/downloaded_packages'\n" "> library(\"Cairo\", lib=getwd())\n" "> # success!\n" msgstr "" "Los paquetes origien descargados están en\n" "\t'/tmp/RtmpCuwdwM/downloaded_packages'\n" "> library(\"Cairo\", lib=getwd())\n" "> # logrado!\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3881 msgid "Using container shells is fun, but they can become a little cumbersome when you want to go beyond just a single interactive process. Some tasks become a lot easier when they sit on the rock solid foundation of a proper Guix System and its rich set of system services. The next section shows you how to launch a complete Guix System inside of a container." msgstr "Usar shells contenedores es divertido, pero pueden volverse un poco engorrosos cuando quieres ir más allá de un único proceso interactivo. Algunas tareas se vuelven mucho más fáciles cuando se asientan sobre la sólida base de un Sistema Guix adecuado y su rico conjunto de servicios de sistema. La siguiente sección muestra cómo lanzar un Sistema Guix completo dentro de un contenedor." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3895 #, fuzzy msgid "The Guix System provides a wide array of interconnected system services that are configured declaratively to form a dependable stateless GNU System foundation for whatever tasks you throw at it. Even when using Guix on a foreign distribution you can benefit from the design of Guix System by running a system instance as a container. Using the same kernel features of unshared namespaces mentioned in the previous section, the resulting Guix System instance is isolated from the host system and only shares file system locations that you explicitly declare." msgstr "El Sistema Guix proporciona una amplia gama de servicios de sistema interconectados que se configuran de forma declarativa para formar una base de Sistema GNU sin estado fiable para cualquier tarea que se le proponga. Incluso cuando use Guix en una distribución ajena, puede beneficiarse del diseño del Sistema Guix ejecutando una instancia del sistema como un contenedor. Usando las mismas características del kernel de espacios de nombres no compartidos mencionadas en la sección anterior, la instancia resultante de Guix System está aislada del sistema anfitrión y sólo comparte las ubicaciones del sistema de ficheros que declare explícitamente." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3906 msgid "A Guix System container differs from the shell process created by @command{guix shell --container} in a number of important ways. While in a container shell the containerized process is a Bash shell process, a Guix System container runs the Shepherd as PID 1. In a system container all system services (@pxref{Services,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}) are set up just as they would be on a Guix System in a virtual machine or on bare metal---this includes daemons managed by the GNU@tie{}Shepherd (@pxref{Shepherd Services,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}) as well as other kinds of extensions to the operating system (@pxref{Service Composition,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "Un contenedor del Sistema Guix difiere del proceso shell creado por @command{guix shell --container} en varios aspectos importantes. Mientras que en un shell contenedor el proceso de contenedor es un proceso shell Bash, un contenedor Guix System ejecuta el Shepherd como PID 1. En un contenedor de sistema todos los servicios del sistema (@pxref{Servicios,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix}) están configurados tal y como lo estarían en un Sistema Guix en una máquina virtual o en una máquina de metal desnudo - esto incluye daemons gestionados por GNU@tie{}Shepherd (@pxref{Servicios de Shepherd,,,guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix}) así como otros tipos de extensiones del sistema operativo (@pxref{Composición de servicios,,, guix.es, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix})." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3913 msgid "The perceived increase in complexity of running a Guix System container is easily justified when dealing with more complex applications that have higher or just more rigid requirements on their execution contexts---configuration files, dedicated user accounts, directories for caches or log files, etc. In Guix System the demands of this kind of software are satisfied through the deployment of system services." msgstr "El aumento percibido en la complejidad de ejecutar un contenedor de Sistema Guix se justifica fácilmente cuando se trata de aplicaciones más complejas que tienen requisitos más altos o simplemente más rígidos en sus contextos de ejecución---archivos de configuración, cuentas de usuario dedicadas, directorios para cachés o archivos de registro, etc. En Sistema Guix las demandas de este tipo de software se satisfacen mediante el despliegue de servicios de sistema." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3926 msgid "A good example might be a PostgreSQL database server. Much of the complexity of setting up such a database server is encapsulated in this deceptively short service declaration:" msgstr "Un buen ejemplo podría ser un servidor de bases de datos PostgreSQL. Gran parte de la complejidad de configurar un servidor de bases de datos de este tipo se encapsula en esta declaración de servicio engañosamente corta:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3931 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(service postgresql-service-type\n" " (postgresql-configuration\n" " (postgresql postgresql-14)))\n" msgstr "" "(service postgresql-service-type\n" " (postgresql-configuration\n" " (postgresql postgresql-14)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3935 msgid "A complete operating system declaration for use with a Guix System container would look something like this:" msgstr "Una declaración de sistema operativo completa para su uso con un contenedor Guix System tendría este aspecto:" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3940 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-package-modules databases)\n" "(use-service-modules databases)\n" "\n" msgstr "" "(use-modules (gnu))\n" "(use-package-modules databases)\n" "(use-service-modules databases)\n" "\n" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3974 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(operating-system\n" " (host-name \"container\")\n" " (timezone \"Europe/Berlin\")\n" " (file-systems (cons (file-system\n" " (device (file-system-label \"does-not-matter\"))\n" " (mount-point \"/\")\n" " (type \"ext4\"))\n" " %base-file-systems))\n" " (bootloader (bootloader-configuration\n" " (bootloader grub-bootloader)\n" " (targets '(\"/dev/sdX\"))))\n" " (services\n" " (cons* (service postgresql-service-type\n" " (postgresql-configuration\n" " (postgresql postgresql-14)\n" " (config-file\n" " (postgresql-config-file\n" " (log-destination \"stderr\")\n" " (hba-file\n" " (plain-file \"pg_hba.conf\"\n" " \"\\\n" "local\tall\tall\t\t\ttrust\n" "host\tall\tall\t10.0.0.1/32 \ttrust\"))\n" " (extra-config\n" " '((\"listen_addresses\" \"*\")\n" " (\"log_directory\" \"/var/log/postgresql\")))))))\n" " (service postgresql-role-service-type\n" " (postgresql-role-configuration\n" " (roles\n" " (list (postgresql-role\n" " (name \"test\")\n" " (create-database? #t))))))\n" " %base-services)))\n" msgstr "" "(operating-system\n" " (host-name \"container\")\n" " (timezone \"Europe/Berlin\")\n" " (file-systems (cons (file-system\n" " (device (file-system-label \"does-not-matter\"))\n" " (mount-point \"/\")\n" " (type \"ext4\"))\n" " %base-file-systems))\n" " (bootloader (bootloader-configuration\n" " (bootloader grub-bootloader)\n" " (targets '(\"/dev/sdX\"))))\n" " (services\n" " (cons* (service postgresql-service-type\n" " (postgresql-configuration\n" " (postgresql postgresql-14)\n" " (config-file\n" " (postgresql-config-file\n" " (log-destination \"stderr\")\n" " (hba-file\n" " (plain-file \"pg_hba.conf\"\n" " \"\\\n" "local\tall\tall\t\t\ttrust\n" "host\tall\tall\t10.0.0.1/32 \ttrust\"))\n" " (extra-config\n" " '((\"listen_addresses\" \"*\")\n" " (\"log_directory\" \"/var/log/postgresql\")))))))\n" " (service postgresql-role-service-type\n" " (postgresql-role-configuration\n" " (roles\n" " (list (postgresql-role\n" " (name \"test\")\n" " (create-database? #t))))))\n" " %base-services)))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3982 msgid "With @code{postgresql-role-service-type} we define a role ``test'' and create a matching database, so that we can test right away without any further manual setup. The @code{postgresql-config-file} settings allow a client from IP address 10.0.0.1 to connect without requiring authentication---a bad idea in production systems, but convenient for this example." msgstr "Con @code{postgresql-role-service-type} definimos un rol ``prueba'' y creamos una base de datos coincidente, para que podamos probar de inmediato sin ninguna configuración manual adicional. La configuración de @code{postgresql-config-file} permite que un cliente de la dirección IP 10.0.0.1 se conecte sin requerir autenticación--una mala idea en sistemas de producción, pero conveniente para este ejemplo." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3988 msgid "Let's build a script that will launch an instance of this Guix System as a container. Write the @code{operating-system} declaration above to a file @file{os.scm} and then use @command{guix system container} to build the launcher. (@pxref{Invoking guix system,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "Vamos a construir un script que lanzará una instancia de este Sistema Guix como contenedor. Escribe la declaración @code{operating-system} de arriba en un archivo @file{os.scm} y luego usa @command{guix system container} para construir el lanzador. (@pxref{Invocar sistema guix,,, guix, Manual de Referencia de GNU Guix})." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:3996 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix system container os.scm\n" "The following derivations will be built:\n" " /gnu/store/@dots{}-run-container.drv\n" " @dots{}\n" "building /gnu/store/@dots{}-run-container.drv...\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-run-container\n" msgstr "" "$ guix system container os.scm\n" "Se construirán las siguientes derivaciones:\n" " /gnu/store/@dots{}-run-container.drv\n" " @dots{}\n" "compilando /gnu/store/@dots{}-run-container.drv...\n" "/gnu/store/@dots{}-run-container\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4002 msgid "Now that we have a launcher script we can run it to spawn the new system with a running PostgreSQL service. Note that due to some as yet unresolved limitations we need to run the launcher as the root user, for example with @command{sudo}." msgstr "Ahora que tenemos un script lanzador podemos ejecutarlo para generar el nuevo sistema con un servicio PostgreSQL en ejecución. Tenga en cuenta que debido a algunas limitaciones aún no resueltas tenemos que ejecutar el lanzador como usuario root, por ejemplo con @command{sudo}." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4007 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ sudo /gnu/store/@dots{}-run-container\n" "system container is running as PID 5983\n" "@dots{}\n" msgstr "" "$ sudo /gnu/store/@dots{}-run-container\n" "se ejecuta como PID 5983\n" "@dots{}\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4014 msgid "Background the process with @key{Ctrl-z} followed by @command{bg}. Note the process ID in the output; we will need it to connect to the container later. You know what? Let's try attaching to the container right now. We will use @command{nsenter}, a tool provided by the @code{util-linux} package:" msgstr "Ponga el proceso en segundo plano con @key{Ctrl-z} seguido de @command{bg}. Observa el ID del proceso en la salida; lo necesitaremos para conectarnos al contenedor más tarde. ¿Sabes qué? Vamos a intentar conectarnos al contenedor ahora mismo. Utilizaremos @command{nsenter}, una herramienta proporcionada por el paquete @code{util-linux}:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4027 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix shell util-linux\n" "$ sudo nsenter -a -t 5983\n" "root@@container /# pgrep -a postgres\n" "49 /gnu/store/@dots{}-postgresql-14.4/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/data --config-file=/gnu/store/@dots{}-postgresql.conf -p 5432\n" "51 postgres: checkpointer\n" "52 postgres: background writer\n" "53 postgres: walwriter\n" "54 postgres: autovacuum launcher\n" "55 postgres: stats collector\n" "56 postgres: logical replication launcher\n" "root@@container /# exit\n" msgstr "" "$ guix shell util-linux\n" "$ sudo nsenter -a -t 5983\n" "root@@container /# pgrep -a postgres\n" "49 /gnu/store/@dots{}-postgresql-14.4/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/data --config-file=/gnu/store/@dots{}-postgresql.conf -p 5432\n" "51 postgres: checkpointer\n" "52 postgres: background writer\n" "53 postgres: walwriter\n" "54 postgres: autovacuum launcher\n" "55 postgres: stats collector\n" "56 postgres: logical replication launcher\n" "root@@container /# exit\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4030 msgid "The PostgreSQL service is running in the container!" msgstr "El servicio PostgreSQL se está ejecutando en el contenedor." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4034 #, no-wrap msgid "container networking" msgstr "red de contenedor" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4040 msgid "What good is a Guix System running a PostgreSQL database service as a container when we can only talk to it with processes originating in the container? It would be much better if we could talk to the database over the network." msgstr "¿De qué sirve un Sistema Guix ejecutando un servicio de base de datos PostgreSQL como contenedor cuando sólo podemos hablar con él con procesos originados en el contenedor? Sería mucho mejor si pudiéramos hablar con la base de datos a través de la red." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4046 msgid "The easiest way to do this is to create a pair of connected virtual Ethernet devices (known as @code{veth}). We move one of the devices (@code{ceth-test}) into the @code{net} namespace of the container and leave the other end (@code{veth-test}) of the connection on the host system." msgstr "La forma más sencilla de hacerlo es crear un par de dispositivos Ethernet virtuales conectados (conocidos como @code{veth}). Movemos uno de los dispositivos (@code{ceth-test}) al espacio de nombres @code{net} del contenedor y dejamos el otro extremo (@code{veth-test}) de la conexión en el sistema anfitrión." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4052 #, no-wrap msgid "" "pid=5983\n" "ns=\"guix-test\"\n" "host=\"veth-test\"\n" "client=\"ceth-test\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" "pid=5983\n" "ns=\"guix-test\"\n" "host=\"veth-test\"\n" "client=\"ceth-test\"\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4055 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Attach the new net namespace \"guix-test\" to the container PID.\n" "sudo ip netns attach $ns $pid\n" "\n" msgstr "" "# Adjunta el nuevo espacio de nombre de red \"guix-test\" para el PID de contenedor.\n" "sudo ip netns attach $ns $pid\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4058 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Create the pair of devices\n" "sudo ip link add $host type veth peer name $client\n" "\n" msgstr "" "# Crea la pareja de dispositivos\n" "sudo ip link add $host type veth peer name $client\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4061 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Move the client device into the container's net namespace\n" "sudo ip link set $client netns $ns\n" msgstr "" "# Mueve el dispositivo cliente a la red de contenedor del espacio de nombre\n" "sudo ip link set $client netns $ns\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4064 msgid "Then we configure the host side:" msgstr "Entonces configure el lado del hospedaje:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4068 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "sudo ip link set $host up\n" "sudo ip addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev $host\n" msgstr "" "sudo ip link set $host up\n" "sudo ip addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev $host\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4071 msgid "@dots{}and then we configure the client side:" msgstr "@dots{} y entonces configuramos el lado de cliente:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4076 #, no-wrap msgid "" "sudo ip netns exec $ns ip link set lo up\n" "sudo ip netns exec $ns ip link set $client up\n" "sudo ip netns exec $ns ip addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev $client\n" msgstr "" "sudo ip netns exec $ns ip link set lo up\n" "sudo ip netns exec $ns ip link set $client up\n" "sudo ip netns exec $ns ip addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev $client\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4082 msgid "At this point the host can reach the container at IP address 10.0.0.2, and the container can reach the host at IP 10.0.0.1. This is all we need to talk to the database server inside the container from the host system on the outside." msgstr "En este punto el hospedaje puede alcanzar el contenedor en la dirección IP 10.0.0.2, y el contenedor puede alcanzar el hospedador en la IP 10.0.0.1. Esto es todo lo que necesitamos para el servidor de datos base dentro del contenedor desde el sistema hospedaje en la parte externa." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4087 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ psql -h 10.0.0.2 -U test\n" "psql (14.4)\n" "Type \"help\" for help.\n" "\n" msgstr "" "$ psql -h 10.0.0.2 -U test\n" "psql (14.4)\n" "Teclee \"help\" para ayuda\n" "\n" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4097 #, no-wrap msgid "" "test=> CREATE TABLE hello (who TEXT NOT NULL);\n" "CREATE TABLE\n" "test=> INSERT INTO hello (who) VALUES ('world');\n" "INSERT 0 1\n" "test=> SELECT * FROM hello;\n" " who\n" "-------\n" " world\n" "(1 row)\n" msgstr "" "test=> CREATE TABLE hello (who TEXT NOT NULL);\n" "CREATE TABLE\n" "test=> INSERT INTO hello (who) VALUES ('world');\n" "INSERT 0 1\n" "test=> SELECT * FROM hello;\n" " who\n" "-------\n" " world\n" "(1 row)\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4100 msgid "Now that we're done with this little demonstration let's clean up:" msgstr "Ahora eso está hecho con esta demostración breve::" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4105 #, no-wrap msgid "" "sudo kill $pid\n" "sudo ip netns del $ns\n" "sudo ip link del $host\n" msgstr "" "sudo kill $pid\n" "sudo ip netns del $ns\n" "sudo ip link del $host\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4114 msgid "Guix can produce disk images (@pxref{Invoking guix system,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}) that can be used with virtual machines solutions such as virt-manager, GNOME Boxes or the more bare QEMU, among others." msgstr "Guix puede producir imágenes de disco (@pxref{Invoking guix system,,, guix, Manual de referencia de GNU Guix}) que pueden ser usadas con soluciones de máquinas virtuales como virt-manager, GNOME Boxes o la más desnuda QEMU, entre otras." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4117 msgid "This chapter aims to provide hands-on, practical examples that relates to the usage and configuration of virtual machines on a Guix System." msgstr "El objetivo de este capítulo es proporcionar ejemplos prácticos relacionados con el uso y la configuración de máquinas virtuales en un sistema Guix." #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4127 #, no-wrap msgid "Network bridge interface" msgstr "Interfaz de puente de red" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4128 #, no-wrap msgid "networking, bridge" msgstr "redes, puente" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4129 #, no-wrap msgid "qemu, network bridge" msgstr "qemu, puente de red" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4141 #, fuzzy msgid "By default, QEMU uses a so-called ``user mode'' host network back-end, which is convenient as it does not require any configuration. Unfortunately, it is also quite limited. In this mode, the guest @abbr{VM, virtual machine} can access the network the same way the host would, but it cannot be reached from the host. Additionally, since the QEMU user networking mode relies on ICMP, ICMP-based networking tools such as @command{ping} do @emph{not} work in this mode. Thus, it is often desirable to configure a network bridge, which enables the guest to fully participate in the network. This is necessary, for example, when the guest is to be used as a server." msgstr "Por defecto, QEMU utiliza un back-end de red de host llamado ``modo usuario'', que es conveniente ya que no requiere ninguna configuración. Desafortunadamente, también es bastante limitado. En este modo, el invitado @abbr{VM, máquina virtual} puede acceder a la red de la misma manera que lo haría el host, pero no puede ser alcanzado desde el host. Además, dado que el modo de red de usuario de QEMU se basa en ICMP, las herramientas de red basadas en ICMP como @command{ping} no @emph{not} funcionan en este modo. Por lo tanto, a menudo es deseable configurar un puente de red que permita al invitado participar plenamente en la red. Esto es necesario, por ejemplo, cuando el invitado se va a utilizar como servidor." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4142 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "Creating a network bridge interface" msgstr "Creación de una interfaz de puente de red" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4148 #, fuzzy msgid "There are many ways to create a network bridge. The following command shows how to use NetworkManager and its @command{nmcli} command line interface (CLI) tool, which should already be available if your operating system declaration is based on one of the desktop templates:" msgstr "Hay muchas formas de crear un puente de red. El siguiente comando muestra cómo utilizar NetworkManager y su herramienta de interfaz de línea de comandos (CLI) @command{nmcli}, que ya debería estar disponible si la declaración de su sistema operativo se basa en una de las plantillas de escritorio:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4151 #, no-wrap msgid "# nmcli con add type bridge con-name br0 ifname br0\n" msgstr "# nmcli con add type bridge con-name br0 ifname br0\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4157 msgid "To have this bridge be part of your network, you must associate your network bridge with the Ethernet interface used to connect with the network. Assuming your interface is named @samp{enp2s0}, the following command can be used to do so:" msgstr "Para que este puente forme parte de su red, debe asociar su puente de red con la interfaz Ethernet utilizada para conectarse con la red. Suponiendo que su interfaz se llama @samp{enp2s0}, se puede utilizar el siguiente comando para hacerlo:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4160 #, no-wrap msgid "# nmcli con add type bridge-slave ifname enp2s0 master br0\n" msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4162 guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4204 #, no-wrap msgid "Important" msgstr "Importante" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4166 msgid "Only Ethernet interfaces can be added to a bridge. For wireless interfaces, consider the routed network approach detailed in @xref{Routed network for libvirt}." msgstr "Solamente los interfaces Ethernet pueden ser añadidos a un puente. Para interfaces sin hilo, considere que la apropiación de red de enrrutado en @xref{Red enrutada para libvirt}." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4172 msgid "By default, the network bridge will allow your guests to obtain their IP address via DHCP, if available on your local network. For simplicity, this is what we will use here. To easily find the guests, they can be configured to advertise their host names via mDNS." msgstr "Por defecto, el puente de red permitirá sus invitados que obtenga su dirección IP por medio de DHCP, si disponible en su red local. Por simplificar, esto es que usaremos aquí. Para encontrar fácilmente el invitado, puede ser configurador para advertir su nombres de hospedajes por medio de mDNS." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4173 #, no-wrap msgid "Configuring the QEMU bridge helper script" msgstr "Configura el guion ayudante del puente QEMU" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4181 msgid "QEMU comes with a helper program to conveniently make use of a network bridge interface as an unprivileged user @pxref{Network options,,, QEMU, QEMU Documentation}. The binary must be made setuid root for proper operation; this can be achieved by adding it to the @code{privileged-programs} field of your (host) @code{operating-system} definition, as shown below:" msgstr "QEMU viene con un programa de ayuda para hacer uso convenientemente de una interfaz de puente de red como un usuario sin privilegios @pxref{Opciones de red,,, QEMU, Documentación QEMU}. El binario se debe hacer root setuid para un funcionamiento correcto; esto se puede lograr mediante la adición a la @code{privileged-programs} campo de su (host) @code{sistema-operativo} definición, como se muestra a continuación:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4188 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(privileged-programs\n" " (cons (privileged-program\n" " (program (file-append qemu \"/libexec/qemu-bridge-helper\"))\n" " (setuid? #t))\n" " %default-privileged-programs))\n" msgstr "" "(privileged-programs\n" " (cons (privileged-program\n" " (program (file-append qemu \"/libexec/qemu-bridge-helper\"))\n" " (setuid? #t))\n" " %default-privileged-programs))\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4193 msgid "The file @file{/etc/qemu/bridge.conf} must also be made to allow the bridge interface, as the default is to deny all. Add the following to your list of services to do so:" msgstr "El archivo @file{/etc/qemu/bridge.conf} también se debe hacer para permitir la interfaz bridge, ya que el valor predeterminado es denegar todo. Para ello, añada lo siguiente a la lista de servicios:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4196 #, no-wrap msgid "(extra-special-file \"/etc/qemu/host.conf\" \"allow br0\\n\")\n" msgstr "(extra-special-file \"/etc/qemu/host.conf\" \"allow br0\\n\")\n" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4198 #, no-wrap msgid "Invoking QEMU with the right command line options" msgstr "Invocar QEMU con las opciones de línea de comandos adecuadas" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4203 msgid "When invoking QEMU, the following options should be provided so that the network bridge is used, after having selected a unique MAC address for the guest." msgstr "Cuando invoque a QEMU, las siguientes opciones estarían proporcionadas tales que el puente de red es utilizado, tras haber seleccionado una dirección MAC única para el invitado." #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4208 msgid "By default, a single MAC address is used for all guests, unless provided. Failing to provide different MAC addresses to each virtual machine making use of the bridge would cause networking issues." msgstr "Por defecto, se utiliza una única dirección MAC para todos los invitados, a menos que se proporcione. Si no se proporcionan direcciones MAC diferentes a cada máquina virtual que utilice el puente, se producirán problemas de red." #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4215 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ qemu-system-x86_64 [...] \\\n" " -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=user0,mac=XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX \\\n" " -netdev bridge,id=user0,br=br0 \\\n" " [...]\n" msgstr "" "$ qemu-system-x86_64 [...] \\\n" " -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=user0,mac=XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX \\\n" " -netdev bridge,id=user0,br=br0 \\\n" " [...]\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4219 msgid "To generate MAC addresses that have the QEMU registered prefix, the following snippet can be employed:" msgstr "Para generar direcciones MAC que tienen el prefijo QEMU registrado, el siguiente fragmento puede ser empleado:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4225 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mac_address=\"52:54:00:$(dd if=/dev/urandom bs=512 count=1 2>/dev/null \\\n" " | md5sum \\\n" " | sed -E 's/^(..)(..)(..).*$/\\1:\\2:\\3/')\"\n" "echo $mac_address\n" msgstr "" "mac_address=\"52:54:00:$(dd if=/dev/urandom bs=512 count=1 2>/dev/null \\\n" " | md5sum \\\n" " | sed -E 's/^(..)(..)(..).*$/\\1:\\2:\\3/')\"\n" "echo $mac_address\n" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4227 #, no-wrap msgid "Networking issues caused by Docker" msgstr "Asuntos de red causados por Docker" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4234 msgid "If you use Docker on your machine, you may experience connectivity issues when attempting to use a network bridge, which are caused by Docker also relying on network bridges and configuring its own routing rules. The solution is add the following @code{iptables} snippet to your @code{operating-system} declaration:" msgstr "Si utilizas Docker en su máquina, puede experimentar problemas de conectividad cuando intente utilizar un puente de red, el cual está causado por Docker además de confiar en puentes de red y configuración en sus propias reglas de enrutado. La solución es añadir el siguiente fragmento de @code{iptables} a su declaración de @code{sistema-operativo}:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4246 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(service iptables-service-type\n" " (iptables-configuration\n" " (ipv4-rules (plain-file \"iptables.rules\" \"\\\n" "*filter\n" ":INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]\n" ":FORWARD DROP [0:0]\n" ":OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]\n" "-A FORWARD -i br0 -o br0 -j ACCEPT\n" "COMMIT\n" "\"))\n" msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4250 #, no-wrap msgid "Virtual network bridge interface" msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4251 #, no-wrap msgid "networking, virtual bridge" msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4252 #, no-wrap msgid "libvirt, virtual network switch" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4266 #, fuzzy msgid "If the machine hosting your virtual machines is connected wirelessly to the network, you won't be able to use a true network bridge as explained in the preceding section (@pxref{Network bridge for QEMU}). In this case, the next best option is to use a @emph{virtual network switch} with static routing and to configure a libvirt-powered virtual machine to use it (via the @command{virt-manager} GUI for example). This is similar to the default mode of operation of QEMU/libvirt, except that instead of using @abbr{NAT, Network Address Translation}, it relies on static routes to join the @abbr{VM, virtual machine} IP address to the @abbr{LAN, local area network}. This provides two-way connectivity to and from the virtual machine, which is needed for exposing services hosted on the virtual machine." msgstr "Si la máquina que aloja sus máquinas virtuales está conectada inalámbricamente a la red, no podrá utilizar un verdadero puente de red como se explica en la sección anterior (@pxref{Puente de red para QEMU}). En este caso, la siguiente mejor opción es utilizar un @emph{conmutador de red virtual} con enrutamiento estático y configurar una máquina virtual con libvirt para utilizarlo (a través de la GUI @command{virt-manager} por ejemplo). Esto es similar al modo de funcionamiento por defecto de QEMU/libvirt, excepto que en lugar de utilizar @abbr{NAT, Network Address Translation}, se basa en rutas estáticas para unir la @abbr{VM, máquina virtual} a la @abbr{LAN, red de área local}. Esto proporciona conectividad bidireccional hacia y desde la máquina virtual, necesaria para exponer los servicios alojados en la máquina virtual." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4267 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "Creating a virtual network switch" msgstr "Creación de un conmutador de red virtual" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4275 #, fuzzy msgid "A virtual network switch consists of a virtual network device called a `virtual bridge', DHCP server (dnsmasq) and firewall rules (iptables). See the @url{https://wiki.libvirt.org/VirtualNetworking.html, libvirt Wiki article on Virtual Networking} for more details on the modes of operation, management and implementation of virtual network switches." msgstr "Un conmutador de red virtual consiste en un dispositivo de red virtual llamado `puente virtual', servidor DHCP (dnsmasq) y reglas de cortafuegos (iptables). Consulte el artículo @url{https://wiki.libvirt.org/VirtualNetworking.html, libvirt Wiki article on Virtual Networking} para más detalles sobre los modos de funcionamiento, gestión e implementación de conmutadores de red virtuales." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4282 #, fuzzy msgid "The @command{virsh} command, provided by the @code{libvirt} package, makes it very easy to create a virtual switch. You first need to choose a network subnet for your virtual switch; if your home LAN is in the @samp{192.168.1.0/24} network, you could opt to use e.g.@: @samp{192.168.2.0/24}. Define an XML file, e.g.@: @file{/tmp/virbr0.xml}, containing the following:" msgstr "El comando @command{virsh}, proporcionado por el paquete @code{libvirt}, hace que sea muy fácil crear un conmutador virtual. Primero debe elegir una subred de red para su conmutador virtual; si su LAN doméstica se encuentra en la red @samp{192.168.1.0/24}, podría optar por utilizar, por ejemplo, @: @samp{192.168.2.0/24}. Defina un archivo XML, por ejemplo @: @file{/tmp/virbr0.xml}, que contenga lo siguiente:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4294 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " virbr0\n" " \n" " \n" " \n" " \n" " \n" " \n" " \n" "\n" msgstr "" "\n" " virbr0\n" " \n" " \n" " \n" " \n" " \n" " \n" " \n" "\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4298 #, fuzzy msgid "Then create and configure the interface using the @command{virsh} command, as root:" msgstr "A continuación, cree y configure la interfaz mediante el comando @command{virsh}, como root:" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4303 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "virsh net-define /tmp/virbr0.xml\n" "virsh net-autostart virbr0\n" "virsh net-start virbr0\n" msgstr "" "virsh net-define /tmp/virbr0.xml\n" "virsh net-autostart virbr0\n" "virsh net-start virbr0\n" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4308 #, fuzzy msgid "The @samp{virbr0} interface should now be visible e.g.@: via the @samp{ip address} command. It will be automatically started every time your libvirt virtual machine is started." msgstr "La interfaz @samp{virbr0} debería ser ahora visible, por ejemplo, @: a través del comando @samp{direcciónip}. Se iniciará automáticamente cada vez que se inicie su máquina virtual libvirt." #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4309 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "Configuring the static routes for your virtual bridge" msgstr "Configuración de las rutas estáticas para su puente virtual" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4317 #, fuzzy msgid "If you configured your virtual machine to use your newly created @samp{virbr0} virtual bridge interface, it should already receive an IP via DHCP such as @samp{192.168.2.15} and be reachable from the server hosting it, e.g.@: via @samp{ping 192.168.2.15}. There's one last configuration needed so that the VM can reach the external network: adding static routes to the network's router." msgstr "Si configuraste tu máquina virtual para utilizar tu recién creada interfaz de puente virtual @samp{virbr0}, ya debería recibir una IP vía DHCP como @samp{192.168.2.15} y ser alcanzable desde el servidor que la aloja, por ejemplo @: vía @samp{ping 192.168.2.15}. Hay una última configuración necesaria para que la máquina virtual pueda alcanzar la red externa: añadir rutas estáticas al router de la red." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4326 #, fuzzy msgid "In this example, the LAN network is @samp{192.168.1.0/24} and the router configuration web page may be accessible via e.g.@: the @url{http://192.168.1.1} page. On a router running the @url{https://librecmc.org/, libreCMC} firmware, you would navigate to the @clicksequence{Network @click{} Static Routes} page (@url{https://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/luci/admin/network/routes}), and you would add a new entry to the @samp{Static IPv4 Routes} with the following information:" msgstr "En este ejemplo, la red LAN es @samp{192.168.1.0/24} y la página web de configuración del router puede ser accesible a través de, por ejemplo @: la página @url{http://192.168.1.1}. En un router que ejecute el firmware @url{https://librecmc.org/, libreCMC}, se navegaría a la página @clicksequence{Network @click{} Static Routes} (@url{https://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/luci/admin/network/routes}), y se añadiría una nueva entrada a la @samp{Static IPv4 Routes} con la siguiente información:" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4328 #, no-wrap msgid "Interface" msgstr "Interfaz" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4330 #, fuzzy msgid "lan" msgstr "lan" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4330 #, no-wrap msgid "Target" msgstr "Destino" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4332 msgid "192.168.2.0" msgstr "192.168.2.0" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4332 #, no-wrap msgid "IPv4-Netmask" msgstr "Máscara de red IPv4" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4334 msgid "255.255.255.0" msgstr "255.255.255.0" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4334 #, no-wrap msgid "IPv4-Gateway" msgstr "Puerta de enlace IPv4" #. type: var{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4336 #, fuzzy msgid "server-ip" msgstr "server-ip" #. type: item #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4336 #, no-wrap msgid "Route type" msgstr "Tipo de enrutamiento" #. type: table #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4338 #, fuzzy msgid "unicast" msgstr "unicast" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4342 #, fuzzy msgid "where @var{server-ip} is the IP address of the machine hosting the VMs, which should be static." msgstr "donde @var{server-ip} es la dirección IP de la máquina que aloja las máquinas virtuales, que debe ser estática." #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4346 msgid "After saving/applying this new static route, external connectivity should work from within your VM; you can e.g.@: run @samp{ping gnu.org} to verify that it functions correctly." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4355 msgid "As mentioned in the preceding section (@pxref{Routed network for libvirt}), libvirt allows virtual networks to be defined via XML files and managed by the @command{virsh} command. The details of the creation and removal of virtual network switches are handled by libvirt, so the user does not have to deal with them." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4361 msgid "However, libvirt's handling of virtual network switches can sometimes clash with more complex networking setups. In particular, the iptables rules inserted by libvirt for switches operating in the NAT mode can clash with existing iptables/nftables rules, leading to insecure or broken packet filtering." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4365 msgid "In such cases, the only solution is to manually set up a virtual network switch. This section will provide instructions on how to do so using Guix System services." msgstr "" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4366 #, no-wrap msgid "Creating the virtual network bridge" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4370 msgid "The @code{static-networking-service-type} can be used to create a virtual network bridge and assign an IP address to it:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4388 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(service static-networking-service-type\n" " (list (static-networking\n" " ;; The default provision is 'networking; if you're using any\n" " ;; other service with this provision, such as\n" " ;; `network-manager-service-type`, then you need to change the\n" " ;; default.\n" " (provision '(static-networking))\n" " (links\n" " (list (network-link\n" " (name \"virbr0\")\n" " (type 'bridge)\n" " (arguments '()))))\n" " (addresses\n" " (list (network-address\n" " (device \"virbr0\")\n" " (value \"192.168.10.1/24\")))))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4390 #, no-wrap msgid "Running dnsmasq for the virtual network bridge" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4394 msgid "The @code{dnsmasq-service-type} can be used to provide DNS and DHCP for guests connected to this virtual network switch:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4411 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(service dnsmasq-service-type\n" " (dnsmasq-configuration\n" " ;; You can have multiple instances of `dnsmasq-service-type` as long\n" " ;; as each one has a different shepherd-provision.\n" " (shepherd-provision '(dnsmasq-virbr0))\n" " (extra-options (list\n" " ;; Only bind to the virtual bridge. This\n" " ;; avoids conflicts with other running\n" " ;; dnsmasq instances.\n" " \"--except-interface=lo\"\n" " \"--interface=virbr0\"\n" " \"--bind-dynamic\"\n" " ;; IPv4 addresses to offer to VMs. This\n" " ;; should match the chosen subnet.\n" " \"--dhcp-range=192.168.10.2,192.168.10.254\"))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: subsection #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4413 #, no-wrap msgid "Configuring NAT for the virtual network switch" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4419 msgid "If you intend to use the virtual network switch in NAT mode, you will need to use nftables (or iptables) rules to set up IP masquerading. The following example shows how to use @code{nftables-service-type} to do this:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4427 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(service nftables-service-type\n" " (nftables-configuration\n" " (ruleset\n" " (plain-file \"nftables.conf\"\n" " \"\\\n" "table inet filter @{\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4435 #, no-wrap msgid "" " chain input @{\n" " type filter hook input priority filter; policy drop;\n" " # Add your existing packet filtering rules here...\n" " iifname virbr0 udp dport 67 counter accept comment \\\"allow dhcp on virbr0\\\"\n" " iifname virbr0 meta l4proto @{tcp, udp@} th dport 53 accept \\\\\n" " comment \\\"allow dns on virbr0\\\"\n" " @}\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4443 #, no-wrap msgid "" " chain forward @{\n" " type filter hook forward priority filter; policy drop;\n" " # Add your existing forwarding rules here...\n" " iifname virbr0 accept comment \\\"allow outbound traffic from virbr0\\\"\n" " oifname virbr0 ct state @{established, related @} accept \\\\\n" " comment \\\"allow established traffic to virbr0\\\"\n" " @}\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4445 #, no-wrap msgid "" "@}\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4457 #, no-wrap msgid "" "table inet nat @{\n" " chain postrouting @{\n" " type nat hook postrouting priority srcnat; policy accept;\n" " # Add your existing nat rules here...\n" " iifname virbr0 ip daddr @{ 224.0.0.0/24, 255.255.255.255/32 @} return \\\\\n" " comment \\\"don't masquerade to reserved address blocks\\\"\n" " iifname virbr0 oifname != virbr0 masquerade \\\\\n" " comment \\\"masquerade all outgoing traffic from VMs\\\"\n" " @}\n" "@}\n" "\"))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4461 msgid "Ensure that you have IPv4 forwarding enabled (you can use @code{sysctl-service-type} for this)." msgstr "" #. type: node #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4462 #, no-wrap msgid "VM References" msgstr "Referencias de MV" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4472 msgid "@uref{https://jamielinux.com/docs/libvirt-networking-handbook/index.html, The (unofficial) libvirt Networking Handbook}@* Note that this resource is rather outdated at the time of writing (as of March 2025, it was last updated in 2015). Nevertheless, the authors of this chapter have found it to be a valuable source of information." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4483 msgid "Guix is a functional package manager that offers many features beyond what more traditional package managers can do. To the uninitiated, those features might not have obvious use cases at first. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate some advanced package management concepts." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4486 msgid "@pxref{Package Management,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual} for a complete reference." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4497 msgid "Guix provides a very useful feature that may be quite foreign to newcomers: @dfn{profiles}. They are a way to group package installations together and all users on the same system are free to use as many profiles as they want." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4502 msgid "Whether you're a developer or not, you may find that multiple profiles bring you great power and flexibility. While they shift the paradigm somewhat compared to @emph{traditional package managers}, they are very convenient to use once you've understood how to set them up." msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4507 msgid "This section is an opinionated guide on the use of multiple profiles. It predates @command{guix shell} and its fast profile cache (@pxref{Invoking guix shell,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4511 msgid "In many cases, you may find that using @command{guix shell} to set up the environment you need, when you need it, is less work that maintaining a dedicated profile. Your call!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4518 msgid "If you are familiar with Python's @samp{virtualenv}, you can think of a profile as a kind of universal @samp{virtualenv} that can hold any kind of software whatsoever, not just Python software. Furthermore, profiles are self-sufficient: they capture all the runtime dependencies which guarantees that all programs within a profile will always work at any point in time." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4520 msgid "Multiple profiles have many benefits:" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4524 msgid "Clean semantic separation of the various packages a user needs for different contexts." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4528 msgid "Multiple profiles can be made available into the environment either on login or within a dedicated shell." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4532 msgid "Profiles can be loaded on demand. For instance, the user can use multiple shells, each of them running different profiles." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4537 msgid "Isolation: Programs from one profile will not use programs from the other, and the user can even install different versions of the same programs to the two profiles without conflict." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4541 msgid "Deduplication: Profiles share dependencies that happens to be the exact same. This makes multiple profiles storage-efficient." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4549 msgid "Reproducible: when used with declarative manifests, a profile can be fully specified by the Guix commit that was active when it was set up. This means that the exact same profile can be @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/blog/2018/multi-dimensional-transactions-and-rollbacks-oh-my/, set up anywhere and anytime}, with just the commit information. See the section on @ref{Reproducible profiles}." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4553 msgid "Easier upgrades and maintenance: Multiple profiles make it easy to keep package listings at hand and make upgrades completely frictionless." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4556 msgid "Concretely, here follows some typical profiles:" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4560 msgid "The dependencies of a project you are working on." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4563 msgid "Your favourite programming language libraries." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4566 msgid "Laptop-specific programs (like @samp{powertop}) that you don't need on a desktop." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4570 msgid "@TeX{}live (this one can be really useful when you need to install just one package for this one document you've just received over email)." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4573 msgid "Games." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4576 msgid "Let's dive in the set up!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4591 msgid "A Guix profile can be set up @i{via} a @dfn{manifest}. A manifest is a snippet of Scheme code that specifies the set of packages you want to have in your profile; it looks like this:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4601 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(specifications->manifest\n" " '(\"package-1\"\n" " ;; Version 1.3 of package-2.\n" " \"package-2@@1.3\"\n" " ;; The \"lib\" output of package-3.\n" " \"package-3:lib\"\n" " ; ...\n" " \"package-N\"))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4605 msgid "@xref{Writing Manifests,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for more information about the syntax." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4607 msgid "We can create a manifest specification per profile and install them this way:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4613 #, no-wrap msgid "" "GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES=$HOME/.guix-extra-profiles\n" "mkdir -p \"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/my-project # if it does not exist yet\n" "guix package --manifest=/path/to/guix-my-project-manifest.scm \\\n" " --profile=\"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/my-project/my-project\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4617 msgid "Here we set an arbitrary variable @samp{GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES} to point to the directory where we will store our profiles in the rest of this article." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4623 msgid "Placing all your profiles in a single directory, with each profile getting its own sub-directory, is somewhat cleaner. This way, each sub-directory will contain all the symlinks for precisely one profile. Besides, ``looping over profiles'' becomes obvious from any programming language (e.g.@: a shell script) by simply looping over the sub-directories of @samp{$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4625 msgid "Note that it's also possible to loop over the output of" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4628 #, no-wrap msgid "guix package --list-profiles\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4631 msgid "although you'll probably have to filter out @file{~/.config/guix/current}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4633 msgid "To enable all profiles on login, add this to your @file{~/.bash_profile} (or similar):" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4643 #, no-wrap msgid "" "for i in $GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES/*; do\n" " profile=$i/$(basename \"$i\")\n" " if [ -f \"$profile\"/etc/profile ]; then\n" " GUIX_PROFILE=\"$profile\"\n" " . \"$GUIX_PROFILE\"/etc/profile\n" " fi\n" " unset profile\n" "done\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4648 msgid "Note to Guix System users: the above reflects how your default profile @file{~/.guix-profile} is activated from @file{/etc/profile}, that latter being loaded by @file{~/.bashrc} by default." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4650 msgid "You can obviously choose to only enable a subset of them:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4660 #, no-wrap msgid "" "for i in \"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/my-project-1 \"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/my-project-2; do\n" " profile=$i/$(basename \"$i\")\n" " if [ -f \"$profile\"/etc/profile ]; then\n" " GUIX_PROFILE=\"$profile\"\n" " . \"$GUIX_PROFILE\"/etc/profile\n" " fi\n" " unset profile\n" "done\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4664 msgid "When a profile is off, it's straightforward to enable it for an individual shell without \"polluting\" the rest of the user session:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4667 #, no-wrap msgid "GUIX_PROFILE=\"path/to/my-project\" ; . \"$GUIX_PROFILE\"/etc/profile\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4674 msgid "The key to enabling a profile is to @emph{source} its @samp{etc/profile} file. This file contains shell code that exports the right environment variables necessary to activate the software contained in the profile. It is built automatically by Guix and meant to be sourced. It contains the same variables you would get if you ran:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4677 #, no-wrap msgid "guix package --search-paths=prefix --profile=$my_profile\"\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4681 msgid "Once again, see @ref{Invoking guix package,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual} for the command line options." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4683 msgid "To upgrade a profile, simply install the manifest again:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4687 #, no-wrap msgid "" "guix package -m /path/to/guix-my-project-manifest.scm \\\n" " -p \"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/my-project/my-project\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4693 msgid "To upgrade all profiles, it's easy enough to loop over them. For instance, assuming your manifest specifications are stored in @file{~/.guix-manifests/guix-$profile-manifest.scm}, with @samp{$profile} being the name of the profile (e.g.@: \"project1\"), you could do the following in Bourne shell:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4699 #, no-wrap msgid "" "for profile in \"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/*; do\n" " guix package --profile=\"$profile\" \\\n" " --manifest=\"$HOME/.guix-manifests/guix-$profile-manifest.scm\"\n" "done\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4702 msgid "Each profile has its own generations:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4705 #, no-wrap msgid "guix package -p \"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/my-project/my-project --list-generations\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4708 msgid "You can roll-back to any generation of a given profile:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4711 #, no-wrap msgid "guix package -p \"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/my-project/my-project --switch-generations=17\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4715 msgid "Finally, if you want to switch to a profile without inheriting from the current environment, you can activate it from an empty shell:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4719 #, no-wrap msgid "" "env -i $(which bash) --login --noprofile --norc\n" ". my-project/etc/profile\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4727 msgid "Activating a profile essentially boils down to exporting a bunch of environmental variables. This is the role of the @samp{etc/profile} within the profile." msgstr "" #. type: emph{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4730 msgid "Note: Only the environmental variables of the packages that consume them will be set." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4734 msgid "For instance, @samp{MANPATH} won't be set if there is no consumer application for man pages within the profile. So if you need to transparently access man pages once the profile is loaded, you've got two options:" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4738 msgid "Either export the variable manually, e.g." msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4740 #, no-wrap msgid "export MANPATH=/path/to/profile$@{MANPATH:+:@}$MANPATH\n" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4744 msgid "Or include @samp{man-db} to the profile manifest." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4748 msgid "The same is true for @samp{INFOPATH} (you can install @samp{info-reader}), @samp{PKG_CONFIG_PATH} (install @samp{pkg-config}), etc." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4753 msgid "What about the default profile that Guix keeps in @file{~/.guix-profile}?" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4756 msgid "You can assign it the role you want. Typically you would install the manifest of the packages you want to use all the time." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4760 msgid "Alternatively, you could keep it ``manifest-less'' for throw-away packages that you would just use for a couple of days. This way makes it convenient to run" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4764 #, no-wrap msgid "" "guix install package-foo\n" "guix upgrade package-bar\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4767 msgid "without having to specify the path to a profile." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4775 msgid "Manifests let you @dfn{declare} the set of packages you'd like to have in a profile (@pxref{Writing Manifests,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). They are a convenient way to keep your package lists around and, say, to synchronize them across multiple machines using a version control system." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4779 msgid "A common complaint about manifests is that they can be slow to install when they contain large number of packages. This is especially cumbersome when you just want get an upgrade for one package within a big manifest." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4784 msgid "This is one more reason to use multiple profiles, which happen to be just perfect to break down manifests into multiple sets of semantically connected packages. Using multiple, small profiles provides more flexibility and usability." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4786 msgid "Manifests come with multiple benefits. In particular, they ease maintenance:" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4794 msgid "When a profile is set up from a manifest, the manifest itself is self-sufficient to keep a ``package listing'' around and reinstall the profile later or on a different system. For ad-hoc profiles, we would need to generate a manifest specification manually and maintain the package versions for the packages that don't use the default version." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4799 msgid "@code{guix package --upgrade} always tries to update the packages that have propagated inputs, even if there is nothing to do. Guix manifests remove this problem." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4805 msgid "When partially upgrading a profile, conflicts may arise (due to diverging dependencies between the updated and the non-updated packages) and they can be annoying to resolve manually. Manifests remove this problem altogether since all packages are always upgraded at once." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4811 msgid "As mentioned above, manifests allow for reproducible profiles, while the imperative @code{guix install}, @code{guix upgrade}, etc. do not, since they produce different profiles every time even when they hold the same packages. See @uref{https://issues.guix.gnu.org/issue/33285, the related discussion on the matter}." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4819 msgid "Manifest specifications are usable by other @samp{guix} commands. For example, you can run @code{guix weather -m manifest.scm} to see how many substitutes are available, which can help you decide whether you want to try upgrading today or wait a while. Another example: you can run @code{guix pack -m manifest.scm} to create a pack containing all the packages in the manifest (and their transitive references)." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4823 msgid "Finally, manifests have a Scheme representation, the @samp{} record type. They can be manipulated in Scheme and passed to the various Guix @uref{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Api, APIs}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4834 msgid "It's important to understand that while manifests can be used to declare profiles, they are not strictly equivalent: profiles have the side effect that they ``pin'' packages in the store, which prevents them from being garbage-collected (@pxref{Invoking guix gc,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}) and ensures that they will still be available at any point in the future. The @command{guix shell} command also protects recently-used profiles from garbage collection; profiles that have not been used for a while may be garbage-collected though, along with the packages they refer to." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4839 msgid "To be 100% sure that a given profile will never be collected, install the manifest to a profile and use @code{GUIX_PROFILE=/the/profile; . \"$GUIX_PROFILE\"/etc/profile} as explained above: this guarantees that our hacking environment will be available at all times." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4842 msgid "@emph{Security warning:} While keeping old profiles around can be convenient, keep in mind that outdated packages may not have received the latest security fixes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4847 msgid "To reproduce a profile bit-for-bit, we need two pieces of information:" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4851 msgid "a manifest (@pxref{Writing Manifests,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual});" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4854 msgid "a Guix channel specification (@pxref{Replicating Guix,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4858 msgid "Indeed, manifests alone might not be enough: different Guix versions (or different channels) can produce different outputs for a given manifest." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4863 msgid "You can output the Guix channel specification with @samp{guix describe --format=channels} (@pxref{Invoking guix describe,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). Save this to a file, say @samp{channel-specs.scm}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4866 msgid "On another computer, you can use the channel specification file and the manifest to reproduce the exact same profile:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4870 #, no-wrap msgid "" "GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES=$HOME/.guix-extra-profiles\n" "GUIX_EXTRA=$HOME/.guix-extra\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4873 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkdir -p \"$GUIX_EXTRA\"/my-project\n" "guix pull --channels=channel-specs.scm --profile=\"$GUIX_EXTRA/my-project/guix\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4878 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkdir -p \"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES/my-project\"\n" "\"$GUIX_EXTRA\"/my-project/guix/bin/guix package \\\n" " --manifest=/path/to/guix-my-project-manifest.scm \\\n" " --profile=\"$GUIX_EXTRA_PROFILES\"/my-project/my-project\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4882 msgid "It's safe to delete the Guix channel profile you've just installed with the channel specification, the project profile does not depend on it." msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4886 #, no-wrap msgid "development, with Guix" msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4887 #, no-wrap msgid "software development, with Guix" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4897 msgid "Guix is a handy tool for developers; @command{guix shell}, in particular, gives a standalone development environment for your package, no matter what language(s) it's written in (@pxref{Invoking guix shell,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). To benefit from it, you have to initially write a package definition and have it either in Guix proper, or in a channel, or directly in your project's source tree as a @file{guix.scm} file. This last option is appealing: all developers have to do to get set up is clone the project's repository and run @command{guix shell}, with no arguments." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4907 msgid "Development needs go beyond development environments though. How can developers perform continuous integration of their code in Guix build environments? How can they deliver their code straight to adventurous users? This chapter describes a set of files developers can add to their repository to set up Guix-based development environments, continuous integration, and continuous delivery---all at once@footnote{This chapter is adapted from a @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/en/blog/2023/from-development-environments-to-continuous-integrationthe-ultimate-guide-to-software-development-with-guix/, blog post} published in June 2023 on the Guix web site.}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4930 msgid "How do we go about ``Guixifying'' a repository? The first step, as we've seen, will be to add a @file{guix.scm} at the root of the repository in question. We'll take @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/guile,Guile} as an example in this chapter: it's written in Scheme (mostly) and C, and has a number of dependencies---a C compilation tool chain, C libraries, Autoconf and its friends, LaTeX, and so on. The resulting @file{guix.scm} looks like the usual package definition (@pxref{Defining Packages,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}), just without the @code{define-public} bit:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4933 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; The ‘guix.scm’ file for Guile, for use by ‘guix shell’.\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4954 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (guix)\n" " (guix build-system gnu)\n" " ((guix licenses) #:prefix license:)\n" " (gnu packages autotools)\n" " (gnu packages base)\n" " (gnu packages bash)\n" " (gnu packages bdw-gc)\n" " (gnu packages compression)\n" " (gnu packages flex)\n" " (gnu packages gdb)\n" " (gnu packages gettext)\n" " (gnu packages gperf)\n" " (gnu packages libffi)\n" " (gnu packages libunistring)\n" " (gnu packages linux)\n" " (gnu packages pkg-config)\n" " (gnu packages readline)\n" " (gnu packages tex)\n" " (gnu packages texinfo)\n" " (gnu packages version-control))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4976 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(package\n" " (name \"guile\")\n" " (version \"3.0.99-git\") ;funky version number\n" " (source #f) ;no source\n" " (build-system gnu-build-system)\n" " (native-inputs\n" " (append (list autoconf\n" " automake\n" " libtool\n" " gnu-gettext\n" " flex\n" " texinfo\n" " texlive-base ;for \"make pdf\"\n" " texlive-epsf\n" " gperf\n" " git\n" " gdb\n" " strace\n" " readline\n" " lzip\n" " pkg-config)\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:4986 #, no-wrap msgid "" " ;; When cross-compiling, a native version of Guile itself is\n" " ;; needed.\n" " (if (%current-target-system)\n" " (list this-package)\n" " '())))\n" " (inputs\n" " (list libffi bash-minimal))\n" " (propagated-inputs\n" " (list libunistring libgc))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5000 #, no-wrap msgid "" " (native-search-paths\n" " (list (search-path-specification\n" " (variable \"GUILE_LOAD_PATH\")\n" " (files '(\"share/guile/site/3.0\")))\n" " (search-path-specification\n" " (variable \"GUILE_LOAD_COMPILED_PATH\")\n" " (files '(\"lib/guile/3.0/site-ccache\")))))\n" " (synopsis \"Scheme implementation intended especially for extensions\")\n" " (description\n" " \"Guile is the GNU Ubiquitous Intelligent Language for Extensions,\n" "and it's actually a full-blown Scheme implementation!\")\n" " (home-page \"https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/\")\n" " (license license:lgpl3+))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5004 msgid "Quite a bit of boilerplate, but now someone who'd like to hack on Guile now only needs to run:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5007 #, no-wrap msgid "guix shell\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5013 msgid "That gives them a shell containing all the dependencies of Guile: those listed above, but also @emph{implicit dependencies} such as the GCC tool chain, GNU@ Make, sed, grep, and so on. @xref{Invoking guix shell,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for more info on @command{guix shell}." msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5014 #, no-wrap msgid "The chef's recommendation" msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5016 msgid "Our suggestion is to create development environments like this:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5019 #, no-wrap msgid "guix shell --container --link-profile\n" msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5023 msgid "... or, for short:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5026 #, no-wrap msgid "guix shell -CP\n" msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5036 msgid "That gives a shell in an isolated container, and all the dependencies show up in @code{$HOME/.guix-profile}, which plays well with caches such as @file{config.cache} (@pxref{Cache Files,,, autoconf, Autoconf}) and absolute file names recorded in generated @code{Makefile}s and the likes. The fact that the shell runs in a container brings peace of mind: nothing but the current directory and Guile's dependencies is visible inside the container; nothing from the system can possibly interfere with your development." msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5039 #, no-wrap msgid "Level 1: Building with Guix" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5046 msgid "Now that we have a package definition (@pxref{Getting Started}), why not also take advantage of it so we can build Guile with Guix? We had left the @code{source} field empty, because @command{guix shell} above only cares about the @emph{inputs} of our package---so it can set up the development environment---not about the package itself." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5049 msgid "To build the package with Guix, we'll need to fill out the @code{source} field, along these lines:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5054 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (guix)\n" " (guix git-download) ;for ‘git-predicate’\n" " @dots{})\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5059 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define vcs-file?\n" " ;; Return true if the given file is under version control.\n" " (or (git-predicate (current-source-directory))\n" " (const #t))) ;not in a Git checkout\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5067 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(package\n" " (name \"guile\")\n" " (version \"3.0.99-git\") ;funky version number\n" " (source (local-file \".\" \"guile-checkout\"\n" " #:recursive? #t\n" " #:select? vcs-file?))\n" " @dots{})\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5070 msgid "Here's what we changed compared to the previous section:" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5075 msgid "We added @code{(guix git-download)} to our set of imported modules, so we can use its @code{git-predicate} procedure." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5079 msgid "We defined @code{vcs-file?} as a procedure that returns true when passed a file that is under version control. For good measure, we add a fallback case for when we're not in a Git checkout: always return true." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5084 msgid "We set @code{source} to a @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/manual/devel/en/html_node/G_002dExpressions.html#index-local_002dfile,@code{local-file}}---a recursive copy of the current directory (@code{\".\"}), limited to files under version control (the @code{#:select?} bit)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5091 msgid "From there on, our @file{guix.scm} file serves a second purpose: it lets us build the software with Guix. The whole point of building with Guix is that it's a ``clean'' build---you can be sure nothing from your working tree or system interferes with the build result---and it lets you test a variety of things. First, you can do a plain native build:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5094 #, no-wrap msgid "guix build -f guix.scm\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5101 msgid "But you can also build for another system (possibly after setting up @pxref{Daemon Offload Setup, offloading,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual} or @pxref{Virtualization Services, transparent emulation,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}):" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5104 #, no-wrap msgid "guix build -f guix.scm -s aarch64-linux -s riscv64-linux\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5108 msgid "@dots{} or cross-compile:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5111 #, no-wrap msgid "guix build -f guix.scm --target=x86_64-w64-mingw32\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5115 msgid "You can also use @dfn{package transformations} to test package variants (@pxref{Package Transformation Options,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}):" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5120 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# What if we built with Clang instead of GCC?\n" "guix build -f guix.scm \\\n" " --with-c-toolchain=guile@@3.0.99-git=clang-toolchain\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5124 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# What about that under-tested configure flag?\n" "guix build -f guix.scm \\\n" " --with-configure-flag=guile@@3.0.99-git=--disable-networking\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5127 msgid "Handy!" msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5129 #, no-wrap msgid "Level 2: The Repository as a Channel" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5136 msgid "We now have a Git repository containing (among other things) a package definition (@pxref{Building with Guix}). Can't we turn it into a @dfn{channel} (@pxref{Channels,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual})? After all, channels are designed to ship package definitions to users, and that's exactly what we're doing with our @file{guix.scm}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5143 msgid "Turns out we can indeed turn it into a channel, but with one caveat: we must create a separate directory for the @code{.scm} file(s) of our channel so that @command{guix pull} doesn't load unrelated @code{.scm} files when someone pulls the channel---and in Guile, there are lots of them! So we'll start like this, keeping a top-level @file{guix.scm} symlink for the sake of @command{guix shell}:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5148 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkdir -p .guix/modules\n" "mv guix.scm .guix/modules/guile-package.scm\n" "ln -s .guix/modules/guile-package.scm guix.scm\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5159 msgid "To make it usable as part of a channel, we need to turn our @file{guix.scm} file into a @dfn{package module} (@pxref{Package Modules,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}): we do that by changing the @code{use-modules} form at the top to a @code{define-module} form. We also need to actually @emph{export} a package variable, with @code{define-public}, while still returning the package value at the end of the file so we can still use @command{guix shell} and @command{guix build -f guix.scm}. The end result looks like this (not repeating things that haven't changed):" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5165 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-module (guile-package)\n" " #:use-module (guix)\n" " #:use-module (guix git-download) ;for ‘git-predicate’\n" " @dots{})\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5170 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define vcs-file?\n" " ;; Return true if the given file is under version control.\n" " (or (git-predicate (dirname (dirname (current-source-directory))))\n" " (const #t))) ;not in a Git checkout\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5179 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public guile\n" " (package\n" " (name \"guile\")\n" " (version \"3.0.99-git\") ;funky version number\n" " (source (local-file \"../..\" \"guile-checkout\"\n" " #:recursive? #t\n" " #:select? vcs-file?))\n" " @dots{}))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5182 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; Return the package object define above at the end of the module.\n" "guile\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5187 msgid "We need one last thing: a @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/manual/devel/en/html_node/Package-Modules-in-a-Sub_002ddirectory.html,@code{.guix-channel} file} so Guix knows where to look for package modules in our repository:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5190 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; This file lets us present this repo as a Guix channel.\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5194 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(channel\n" " (version 0)\n" " (directory \".guix/modules\")) ;look for package modules under .guix/modules/\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5197 msgid "To recap, we now have these files:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5205 #, no-wrap msgid "" ".\n" "├── .guix-channel\n" "├── guix.scm → .guix/modules/guile-package.scm\n" "└── .guix\n" "    └── modules\n" "       └── guile-package.scm\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5214 msgid "And that's it: we have a channel! (We could do better and support @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/manual/devel/en/html_node/Specifying-Channel-Authorizations.html,@emph{channel authentication}} so users know they're pulling genuine code. We'll spare you the details here but it's worth considering!) Users can pull from this channel by @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/manual/devel/en/html_node/Specifying-Additional-Channels.html,adding it to @code{~/.config/guix/channels.scm}}, along these lines:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5221 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(append (list (channel\n" " (name 'guile)\n" " (url \"https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/guile.git\")\n" " (branch \"main\")))\n" " %default-channels)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5224 msgid "After running @command{guix pull}, we can see the new package:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5246 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix describe\n" "Generation 264 May 26 2023 16:00:35 (current)\n" " guile 36fd2b4\n" " repository URL: https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/guile.git\n" " branch: main\n" " commit: 36fd2b4920ae926c79b936c29e739e71a6dff2bc\n" " guix c5bc698\n" " repository URL: https://git.guix.gnu.org/guix.git\n" " commit: c5bc698e8922d78ed85989985cc2ceb034de2f23\n" "$ guix package -A ^guile$\n" "guile 3.0.99-git out,debug guile-package.scm:51:4\n" "guile 3.0.9 out,debug gnu/packages/guile.scm:317:2\n" "guile 2.2.7 out,debug gnu/packages/guile.scm:258:2\n" "guile 2.2.4 out,debug gnu/packages/guile.scm:304:2\n" "guile 2.0.14 out,debug gnu/packages/guile.scm:148:2\n" "guile 1.8.8 out gnu/packages/guile.scm:77:2\n" "$ guix build guile@@3.0.99-git\n" "[@dots{}]\n" "/gnu/store/axnzbl89yz7ld78bmx72vpqp802dwsar-guile-3.0.99-git-debug\n" "/gnu/store/r34gsij7f0glg2fbakcmmk0zn4v62s5w-guile-3.0.99-git\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5251 msgid "That's how, as a developer, you get your software delivered directly into the hands of users! No intermediaries, yet no loss of transparency and provenance tracking." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5255 msgid "With that in place, it also becomes trivial for anyone to create Docker images, Deb/RPM packages, or a plain tarball with @command{guix pack} (@pxref{Invoking guix pack,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}):" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5259 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# How about a Docker image of our Guile snapshot?\n" "guix pack -f docker -S /bin=bin guile@@3.0.99-git\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5262 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# And a relocatable RPM?\n" "guix pack -f rpm -R -S /bin=bin guile@@3.0.99-git\n" msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5265 #, no-wrap msgid "Bonus: Package Variants" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5273 msgid "We now have an actual channel, but it contains only one package (@pxref{The Repository as a Channel}). While we're at it, we can define @dfn{package variants} (@pxref{Defining Package Variants,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}) in our @file{guile-package.scm} file, variants that we want to be able to test as Guile developers---similar to what we did above with transformation options. We can add them like so:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5276 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; This is the ‘.guix/modules/guile-package.scm’ file.\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5279 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-module (guile-package)\n" " @dots{})\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5282 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public guile\n" " @dots{})\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5290 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define (package-with-configure-flags p flags)\n" " \"Return P with FLAGS as additional 'configure' flags.\"\n" " (package/inherit p\n" " (arguments\n" " (substitute-keyword-arguments (package-arguments p)\n" " ((#:configure-flags original-flags #~(list))\n" " #~(append #$original-flags #$flags))))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5296 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public guile-without-threads\n" " (package\n" " (inherit (package-with-configure-flags guile\n" " #~(list \"--without-threads\")))\n" " (name \"guile-without-threads\")))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5302 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define-public guile-without-networking\n" " (package\n" " (inherit (package-with-configure-flags guile\n" " #~(list \"--disable-networking\")))\n" " (name \"guile-without-networking\")))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5306 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; Return the package object defined above at the end of the module.\n" "guile\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5311 msgid "We can build these variants as regular packages once we've pulled the channel. Alternatively, from a checkout of Guile, we can run a command like this one from the top level:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5314 #, no-wrap msgid "guix build -L $PWD/.guix/modules guile-without-threads\n" msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5317 #, no-wrap msgid "Level 3: Setting Up Continuous Integration" msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5319 #, no-wrap msgid "continuous integration (CI)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5324 msgid "The channel we defined above (@pxref{The Repository as a Channel}) becomes even more interesting once we set up @uref{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration, @dfn{continuous integration}} (CI). There are several ways to do that." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5330 msgid "You can use one of the mainstream continuous integration tools, such as GitLab-CI. To do that, you need to make sure you run jobs in a Docker image or virtual machine that has Guix installed. If we were to do that in the case of Guile, we'd have a job that runs a shell command like this one:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5333 #, no-wrap msgid "guix build -L $PWD/.guix/modules guile@@3.0.99-git\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5337 msgid "Doing this works great and has the advantage of being easy to achieve on your favorite CI platform." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5346 msgid "That said, you'll really get the most of it by using @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/en/cuirass,Cuirass}, a CI tool designed for and tightly integrated with Guix. Using it is more work than using a hosted CI tool because you first need to set it up, but that setup phase is greatly simplified if you use its Guix System service (@pxref{Continuous Integration,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). Going back to our example, we give Cuirass a spec file that goes like this:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5358 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; Cuirass spec file to build all the packages of the ‘guile’ channel.\n" "(list (specification\n" " (name \"guile\")\n" " (build '(channels guile))\n" " (channels\n" " (append (list (channel\n" " (name 'guile)\n" " (url \"https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/guile.git\")\n" " (branch \"main\")))\n" " %default-channels))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5361 msgid "It differs from what you'd do with other CI tools in two important ways:" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5370 msgid "Cuirass knows it's tracking @emph{two} channels, @code{guile} and @code{guix}. Indeed, our own @code{guile} package depends on many packages provided by the @code{guix} channel---GCC, the GNU libc, libffi, and so on. Changes to packages from the @code{guix} channel can potentially influence our @code{guile} build and this is something we'd like to see as soon as possible as Guile developers." msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5375 msgid "Build results are not thrown away: they can be distributed as @dfn{substitutes} so that users of our @code{guile} channel transparently get pre-built binaries! (@pxref{Substitutes,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}, for background info on substitutes.)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5383 msgid "From a developer's viewpoint, the end result is this @uref{https://ci.guix.gnu.org/jobset/guile,status page} listing @emph{evaluations}: each evaluation is a combination of commits of the @code{guix} and @code{guile} channels providing a number of @emph{jobs}---one job per package defined in @file{guile-package.scm} times the number of target architectures." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5390 msgid "As for substitutes, they come for free! As an example, since our @code{guile} jobset is built on ci.guix.gnu.org, which runs @command{guix publish} (@pxref{Invoking guix publish,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}) in addition to Cuirass, one automatically gets substitutes for @code{guile} builds from ci.guix.gnu.org; no additional work is needed for that." msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5392 #, no-wrap msgid "Bonus: Build manifest" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5399 msgid "The Cuirass spec above is convenient: it builds every package in our channel, which includes a few variants (@pxref{Setting Up Continuous Integration}). However, this might be insufficiently expressive in some cases: one might want specific cross-compilation jobs, transformations, Docker images, RPM/Deb packages, or even system tests." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5404 msgid "To achieve that, you can write a @dfn{manifest} (@pxref{Writing Manifests,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). The one we have for Guile has entries for the package variants we defined above, as well as additional variants and cross builds:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5407 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; This is ‘.guix/manifest.scm’.\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5411 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(use-modules (guix)\n" " (guix profiles)\n" " (guile-package)) ;import our own package module\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5425 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define* (package->manifest-entry* package system\n" " #:key target)\n" " \"Return a manifest entry for PACKAGE on SYSTEM, optionally cross-compiled to\n" "TARGET.\"\n" " (manifest-entry\n" " (inherit (package->manifest-entry package))\n" " (name (string-append (package-name package) \".\" system\n" " (if target\n" " (string-append \".\" target)\n" " \"\")))\n" " (item (with-parameters ((%current-system system)\n" " (%current-target-system target))\n" " package))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5430 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define native-builds\n" " (manifest\n" " (append (map (lambda (system)\n" " (package->manifest-entry* guile system))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5447 #, no-wrap msgid "" " '(\"x86_64-linux\" \"i686-linux\"\n" " \"aarch64-linux\" \"armhf-linux\"\n" " \"powerpc64le-linux\"))\n" " (map (lambda (guile)\n" " (package->manifest-entry* guile \"x86_64-linux\"))\n" " (cons (package\n" " (inherit (package-with-c-toolchain\n" " guile\n" " `((\"clang-toolchain\"\n" " ,(specification->package\n" " \"clang-toolchain\")))))\n" " (name \"guile-clang\"))\n" " (list guile-without-threads\n" " guile-without-networking\n" " guile-debug\n" " guile-strict-typing))))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5458 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(define cross-builds\n" " (manifest\n" " (map (lambda (target)\n" " (package->manifest-entry* guile \"x86_64-linux\"\n" " #:target target))\n" " '(\"i586-pc-gnu\"\n" " \"aarch64-linux-gnu\"\n" " \"riscv64-linux-gnu\"\n" " \"i686-w64-mingw32\"\n" " \"x86_64-linux-gnu\"))))\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5460 #, no-wrap msgid "(concatenate-manifests (list native-builds cross-builds))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5466 msgid "We won't go into the details of this manifest; suffice to say that it provides additional flexibility. We now need to tell Cuirass to build this manifest, which is done with a spec slightly different from the previous one:" msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5478 #, no-wrap msgid "" ";; Cuirass spec file to build all the packages of the ‘guile’ channel.\n" "(list (specification\n" " (name \"guile\")\n" " (build '(manifest \".guix/manifest.scm\"))\n" " (channels\n" " (append (list (channel\n" " (name 'guile)\n" " (url \"https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/guile.git\")\n" " (branch \"main\")))\n" " %default-channels))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5483 msgid "We changed the @code{(build @dots{})} part of the spec to @code{'(manifest \".guix/manifest.scm\")} so that it would pick our manifest, and that's it!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5489 msgid "We picked Guile as the running example in this chapter and you can see the result here:" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5493 msgid "@uref{https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guile.git/tree/.guix-channel?id=cd57379b3df636198d8cd8e76c1bfbc523762e79,@code{.guix-channel}};" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5496 msgid "@uref{https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guile.git/tree/.guix/modules/guile-package.scm?id=cd57379b3df636198d8cd8e76c1bfbc523762e79,@code{.guix/modules/guile-package.scm}} with the top-level @file{guix.scm} symlink;" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5498 msgid "@uref{https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guile.git/tree/.guix/manifest.scm?id=cd57379b3df636198d8cd8e76c1bfbc523762e79,@code{.guix/manifest.scm}}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5507 msgid "These days, repositories are commonly peppered with dot files for various tools: @code{.envrc}, @code{.gitlab-ci.yml}, @code{.github/workflows}, @code{Dockerfile}, @code{.buildpacks}, @code{Aptfile}, @code{requirements.txt}, and whatnot. It may sound like we're proposing a bunch of @emph{additional} files, but in fact those files are expressive enough to @emph{supersede} most or all of those listed above." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5509 msgid "With a couple of files, we get support for:" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5513 msgid "development environments (@command{guix shell});" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5516 msgid "pristine test builds, including for package variants and for cross-compilation (@command{guix build});" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5518 msgid "continuous integration (with Cuirass or with some other tool);" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5521 msgid "continuous delivery to users (@emph{via} the channel and with pre-built binaries);" msgstr "" #. type: itemize #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5524 msgid "generation of derivative build artifacts such as Docker images or Deb/RPM packages (@command{guix pack})." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5529 msgid "This a nice (in our view!) unified tool set for reproducible software deployment, and an illustration of how you as a developer can benefit from it!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5537 msgid "Guix provides multiple tools to manage environment. This chapter demonstrate such utilities." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5548 msgid "Guix provides a @samp{direnv} package, which could extend shell after directory change. This tool could be used to prepare a pure Guix environment." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5554 msgid "The following example provides a shell function for @file{~/.direnvrc} file, which could be used from Guix Git repository in @file{~/src/guix/.envrc} file to setup a build environment similar to described in @pxref{Building from Git,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5556 msgid "Create a @file{~/.direnvrc} with a Bash code:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5574 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Thanks \n" "export_function()\n" "@{\n" " local name=$1\n" " local alias_dir=$PWD/.direnv/aliases\n" " mkdir -p \"$alias_dir\"\n" " PATH_add \"$alias_dir\"\n" " local target=\"$alias_dir/$name\"\n" " if declare -f \"$name\" >/dev/null; then\n" " echo \"#!$SHELL\" > \"$target\"\n" " declare -f \"$name\" >> \"$target\" 2>/dev/null\n" " # Notice that we add shell variables to the function trigger.\n" " echo \"$name \\$*\" >> \"$target\"\n" " chmod +x \"$target\"\n" " fi\n" "@}\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5579 #, no-wrap msgid "" "use_guix()\n" "@{\n" " # Set GitHub token.\n" " export GUIX_GITHUB_TOKEN=\"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5582 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Unset 'GUIX_PACKAGE_PATH'.\n" " export GUIX_PACKAGE_PATH=\"\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5591 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Recreate a garbage collector root.\n" " gcroots=\"$HOME/.config/guix/gcroots\"\n" " mkdir -p \"$gcroots\"\n" " gcroot=\"$gcroots/guix\"\n" " if [ -L \"$gcroot\" ]\n" " then\n" " rm -v \"$gcroot\"\n" " fi\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5606 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Miscellaneous packages.\n" " PACKAGES_MAINTENANCE=(\n" " direnv\n" " git\n" " git:send-email\n" " git-cal\n" " gnupg\n" " guile-colorized\n" " guile-readline\n" " less\n" " ncurses\n" " openssh\n" " xdot\n" " )\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5609 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Environment packages.\n" " PACKAGES=(help2man guile-sqlite3 guile-gcrypt)\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5613 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Thanks \n" " eval \"$(guix shell --search-paths --root=\"$gcroot\" --pure \\\n" " --development guix $@{PACKAGES[@@]@} $@{PACKAGES_MAINTENANCE[@@]@} \"$@@\")\"\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5620 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Predefine configure flags.\n" " configure()\n" " @{\n" " ./configure\n" " @}\n" " export_function configure\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5631 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Run make and optionally build something.\n" " build()\n" " @{\n" " make -j 2\n" " if [ $# -gt 0 ]\n" " then\n" " ./pre-inst-env guix build \"$@@\"\n" " fi\n" " @}\n" " export_function build\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5638 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Predefine push Git command.\n" " push()\n" " @{\n" " git push --set-upstream origin\n" " @}\n" " export_function push\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5641 #, no-wrap msgid "" " clear # Clean up the screen.\n" " git-cal --author='Your Name' # Show contributions calendar.\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5649 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # Show commands help.\n" " echo \"\n" "build build a package or just a project if no argument provided\n" "configure run ./configure with predefined parameters\n" "push push to upstream Git repository\n" "\"\n" "@}\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5653 msgid "Every project containing @file{.envrc} with a string @code{use guix} will have predefined environment variables and procedures." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5655 msgid "Run @command{direnv allow} to setup the environment for the first time." msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5661 #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "System administration" msgid "cluster installation" msgstr "Administración del sistema" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5662 #, no-wrap msgid "high-performance computing, HPC" msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5663 #, no-wrap msgid "HPC, high-performance computing" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5669 msgid "Guix is appealing to scientists and @acronym{HPC, high-performance computing} practitioners: it makes it easy to deploy potentially complex software stacks, and it lets you do so in a reproducible fashion---you can redeploy the exact same software on different machines and at different points in time." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5675 msgid "In this chapter we look at how a cluster sysadmin can install Guix for system-wide use, such that it can be used on all the cluster nodes, and discuss the various tradeoffs@footnote{This chapter is adapted from a @uref{https://hpc.guix.info/blog/2017/11/installing-guix-on-a-cluster/, blog post published on the Guix-HPC web site in 2017}.}." msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5679 msgid "Here we assume that the cluster is running a GNU/Linux distro other than Guix System and that we are going to install Guix on top of it." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5695 msgid "The recommended approach is to set up one @emph{head node} running @command{guix-daemon} and exporting @file{/gnu/store} over NFS to compute nodes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5705 msgid "Remember that @command{guix-daemon} is responsible for spawning build processes and downloads on behalf of clients (@pxref{Invoking guix-daemon,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}), and more generally accessing @file{/gnu/store}, which contains all the package binaries built by all the users (@pxref{The Store,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). ``Client'' here refers to all the Guix commands that users see, such as @code{guix install}. On a cluster, these commands may be running on the compute nodes and we'll want them to talk to the head node's @code{guix-daemon} instance." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5710 msgid "To begin with, the head node can be installed following the usual binary installation instructions (@pxref{Binary Installation,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). Thanks to the installation script, this should be quick. Once installation is complete, we need to make some adjustments." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5718 msgid "Since we want @code{guix-daemon} to be reachable not just from the head node but also from the compute nodes, we need to arrange so that it listens for connections over TCP/IP. To do that, we'll edit the systemd startup file for @command{guix-daemon}, @file{/etc/systemd/system/guix-daemon.service}, and add a @code{--listen} argument to the @code{ExecStart} line so that it looks something like this:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5727 #, no-wrap msgid "" "ExecStart=/var/guix/profiles/per-user/root/current-guix/bin/guix-daemon \\\n" " --build-users-group=guixbuild \\\n" " --listen=/var/guix/daemon-socket/socket --listen=0.0.0.0\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5732 #, no-wrap msgid "ExecStart=/var/guix/profiles/per-user/root/current-guix/bin/guix-daemon --build-users-group=guixbuild --listen=/var/guix/daemon-socket/socket --listen=0.0.0.0\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5736 msgid "For these changes to take effect, the service needs to be restarted:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5740 #, no-wrap msgid "" "systemctl daemon-reload\n" "systemctl restart guix-daemon\n" msgstr "" #. type: quotation #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5749 msgid "The @code{--listen=0.0.0.0} bit means that @code{guix-daemon} will process @emph{all} incoming TCP connections on port 44146 (@pxref{Invoking guix-daemon,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). This is usually fine in a cluster setup where the head node is reachable exclusively from the cluster's local area network---you don't want that to be exposed to the Internet!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5754 msgid "The next step is to define our NFS exports in @uref{https://linux.die.net/man/5/exports,@file{/etc/exports}} by adding something along these lines:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5759 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/gnu/store *(ro)\n" "/var/guix *(rw, async)\n" "/var/log/guix *(ro)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5766 msgid "The @file{/gnu/store} directory can be exported read-only since only @command{guix-daemon} on the master node will ever modify it. @file{/var/guix} contains @emph{user profiles} as managed by @code{guix package}; thus, to allow users to install packages with @code{guix package}, this must be read-write." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5776 msgid "Users can create as many profiles as they like in addition to the default profile, @file{~/.guix-profile}. For instance, @code{guix package -p ~/dev/python-dev -i python} installs Python in a profile reachable from the @code{~/dev/python-dev} symlink. To make sure that this profile is protected from garbage collection---i.e., that Python will not be removed from @file{/gnu/store} while this profile exists---, @emph{home directories should be mounted on the head node} as well so that @code{guix-daemon} knows about these non-standard profiles and avoids collecting software they refer to." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5781 msgid "It may be a good idea to periodically remove unused bits from @file{/gnu/store} by running @command{guix gc} (@pxref{Invoking guix gc,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). This can be done by adding a crontab entry on the head node:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5784 #, no-wrap msgid "root@@master# crontab -e\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5788 msgid "... with something like this:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5793 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Every day at 5AM, run the garbage collector to make sure\n" "# at least 10 GB are free on /gnu/store.\n" "0 5 * * 1 /usr/local/bin/guix gc -F10G\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5796 msgid "We're done with the head node! Let's look at compute nodes now." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5803 msgid "First of all, we need compute nodes to mount those NFS directories that the head node exports. This can be done by adding the following lines to @uref{https://linux.die.net/man/5/fstab,@file{/etc/fstab}}:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5808 #, no-wrap msgid "" "@var{head-node}:/gnu/store /gnu/store nfs defaults,_netdev,vers=3 0 0\n" "@var{head-node}:/var/guix /var/guix nfs defaults,_netdev,vers=3 0 0\n" "@var{head-node}:/var/log/guix /var/log/guix nfs defaults,_netdev,vers=3 0 0\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5814 msgid "... where @var{head-node} is the name or IP address of your head node. From there on, assuming the mount points exist, you should be able to mount each of these on the compute nodes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5820 msgid "Next, we need to provide a default @command{guix} command that users can run when they first connect to the cluster (eventually they will invoke @command{guix pull}, which will provide them with their ``own'' @command{guix} command). Similar to what the binary installation script did on the head node, we'll store that in @file{/usr/local/bin}:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5825 #, no-wrap msgid "" "mkdir -p /usr/local/bin\n" "ln -s /var/guix/profiles/per-user/root/current-guix/bin/guix \\\n" " /usr/local/bin/guix\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5829 msgid "We then need to tell @code{guix} to talk to the daemon running on our master node, by adding these lines to @code{/etc/profile}:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5833 #, no-wrap msgid "" "GUIX_DAEMON_SOCKET=\"guix://@var{head-node}\"\n" "export GUIX_DAEMON_SOCKET\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5838 msgid "To avoid warnings and make sure @code{guix} uses the right locale, we need to tell it to use locale data provided by Guix (@pxref{Application Setup,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}):" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5842 #, no-wrap msgid "" "GUIX_LOCPATH=/var/guix/profiles/per-user/root/guix-profile/lib/locale\n" "export GUIX_LOCPATH\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5847 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Here we must use a valid locale name. Try \"ls $GUIX_LOCPATH/*\"\n" "# to see what names can be used.\n" "LC_ALL=fr_FR.utf8\n" "export LC_ALL\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5855 msgid "For convenience, @code{guix package} automatically generates @file{~/.guix-profile/etc/profile}, which defines all the environment variables necessary to use the packages---@code{PATH}, @code{C_INCLUDE_PATH}, @code{PYTHONPATH}, etc. Likewise, @command{guix pull} does that under @file{~/.config/guix/current}. Thus it's a good idea to source both from @code{/etc/profile}:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5863 #, no-wrap msgid "" "for GUIX_PROFILE in \"$HOME/.config/guix/current\" \"$HOME/.guix-profile\"\n" "do\n" " if [ -f \"$GUIX_PROFILE/etc/profile\" ]; then\n" " . \"$GUIX_PROFILE/etc/profile\"\n" " fi\n" "done\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5867 msgid "Last but not least, Guix provides command-line completion notably for Bash and zsh. In @code{/etc/bashrc}, consider adding this line:" msgstr "" #. type: verbatim #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5870 #, no-wrap msgid ". /var/guix/profiles/per-user/root/current-guix/etc/bash_completion.d/guix\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5873 msgid "Voilà!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5876 msgid "You can check that everything's in place by logging in on a compute node and running:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5879 #, no-wrap msgid "guix install hello\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5885 msgid "The daemon on the head node should download pre-built binaries on your behalf and unpack them in @file{/gnu/store}, and @command{guix install} should create @file{~/.guix-profile} containing the @file{~/.guix-profile/bin/hello} command." msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5887 #, no-wrap msgid "Network Access" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5892 msgid "Guix requires network access to download source code and pre-built binaries. The good news is that only the head node needs that since compute nodes simply delegate to it." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5898 msgid "It is customary for cluster nodes to have access at best to a @emph{white list} of hosts. Our head node needs at least @code{ci.guix.gnu.org} in this white list since this is where it gets pre-built binaries from by default, for all the packages that are in Guix proper." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5903 msgid "Incidentally, @code{ci.guix.gnu.org} also serves as a @emph{content-addressed mirror} of the source code of those packages. Consequently, it is sufficient to have @emph{only} @code{ci.guix.gnu.org} in that white list." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5912 msgid "Software packages maintained in a separate repository such as one of the various @uref{https://hpc.guix.info/channels, HPC channels} are of course unavailable from @code{ci.guix.gnu.org}. For these packages, you may want to extend the white list such that source and pre-built binaries (assuming this-party servers provide binaries for these packages) can be downloaded. As a last resort, users can always download source on their workstation and add it to the cluster's @file{/gnu/store}, like this:" msgstr "" #. type: verbatim #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5916 #, no-wrap msgid "" "GUIX_DAEMON_SOCKET=ssh://compute-node.example.org \\\n" " guix download http://starpu.gforge.inria.fr/files/starpu-1.2.3/starpu-1.2.3.tar.gz\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5920 msgid "The above command downloads @code{starpu-1.2.3.tar.gz} @emph{and} sends it to the cluster's @code{guix-daemon} instance over SSH." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5927 msgid "Air-gapped clusters require more work. At the moment, our suggestion would be to download all the necessary source code on a workstation running Guix. For instance, using the @option{--sources} option of @command{guix build} (@pxref{Invoking guix build,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}), the example below downloads all the source code the @code{openmpi} package depends on:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5930 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix build --sources=transitive openmpi\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5932 #, no-wrap msgid "" "@dots{}\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5944 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/gnu/store/xc17sm60fb8nxadc4qy0c7rqph499z8s-openmpi-1.10.7.tar.bz2\n" "/gnu/store/s67jx92lpipy2nfj5cz818xv430n4b7w-gcc-5.4.0.tar.xz\n" "/gnu/store/npw9qh8a46lrxiwh9xwk0wpi3jlzmjnh-gmp-6.0.0a.tar.xz\n" "/gnu/store/hcz0f4wkdbsvsdky3c0vdvcawhdkyldb-mpfr-3.1.5.tar.xz\n" "/gnu/store/y9akh452n3p4w2v631nj0injx7y0d68x-mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz\n" "/gnu/store/6g5c35q8avfnzs3v14dzl54cmrvddjm2-glibc-2.25.tar.xz\n" "/gnu/store/p9k48dk3dvvk7gads7fk30xc2pxsd66z-hwloc-1.11.8.tar.bz2\n" "/gnu/store/cry9lqidwfrfmgl0x389cs3syr15p13q-gcc-5.4.0.tar.xz\n" "/gnu/store/7ak0v3rzpqm2c5q1mp3v7cj0rxz0qakf-libfabric-1.4.1.tar.bz2\n" "/gnu/store/vh8syjrsilnbfcf582qhmvpg1v3rampf-rdma-core-14.tar.gz\n" "…\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5948 msgid "(In case you're wondering, that's more than 320@ MiB of @emph{compressed} source code.)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5951 msgid "We can then make a big archive containing all of this (@pxref{Invoking guix archive,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}):" msgstr "" #. type: verbatim #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5956 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ guix archive --export \\\n" " `guix build --sources=transitive openmpi` \\\n" " > openmpi-source-code.nar\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5960 msgid "@dots{} and we can eventually transfer that archive to the cluster on removable storage and unpack it there:" msgstr "" #. type: verbatim #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5963 #, no-wrap msgid "$ guix archive --import < openmpi-source-code.nar\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5967 msgid "This process has to be repeated every time new source code needs to be brought to the cluster." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5971 msgid "As we write this, the research institutes involved in Guix-HPC do not have air-gapped clusters though. If you have experience with such setups, we would like to hear feedback and suggestions." msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5973 #, no-wrap msgid "Disk Usage" msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5975 #, no-wrap msgid "disk usage, on a cluster" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5982 msgid "A common concern of sysadmins' is whether this is all going to eat a lot of disk space. If anything, if something is going to exhaust disk space, it's going to be scientific data sets rather than compiled software---that's our experience with almost ten years of Guix usage on HPC clusters. Nevertheless, it's worth taking a look at how Guix contributes to disk usage." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5987 msgid "First, having several versions or variants of a given package in @file{/gnu/store} does not necessarily cost much, because @command{guix-daemon} implements deduplication of identical files, and package variants are likely to have a number of common files." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5994 msgid "As mentioned above, we recommend having a cron job to run @code{guix gc} periodically, which removes @emph{unused} software from @file{/gnu/store}. However, there's always a possibility that users will keep lots of software in their profiles, or lots of old generations of their profiles, which is ``live'' and cannot be deleted from the viewpoint of @command{guix gc}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:5998 msgid "The solution to this is for users to regularly remove old generations of their profile. For instance, the following command removes generations that are more than two-month old:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6001 #, no-wrap msgid "guix package --delete-generations=2m\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6006 msgid "Likewise, it's a good idea to invite users to regularly upgrade their profile, which can reduce the number of variants of a given piece of software stored in @file{/gnu/store}:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6010 #, no-wrap msgid "" "guix pull\n" "guix upgrade\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6016 msgid "As a last resort, it is always possible for sysadmins to do some of this on behalf of their users. Nevertheless, one of the strengths of Guix is the freedom and control users get on their software environment, so we strongly recommend leaving users in control." msgstr "" #. type: section #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6018 #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "System Configuration" msgid "Security Considerations" msgstr "Configuración del sistema" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6020 #, no-wrap msgid "security, on a cluster" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6025 msgid "On an HPC cluster, Guix is typically used to manage scientific software. Security-critical software such as the operating system kernel and system services such as @code{sshd} and the batch scheduler remain under control of sysadmins." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6030 msgid "The Guix project has a good track record delivering security updates in a timely fashion (@pxref{Security Updates,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). To get security updates, users have to run @code{guix pull && guix upgrade}." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6036 msgid "Because Guix uniquely identifies software variants, it is easy to see if a vulnerable piece of software is in use. For instance, to check whether the glibc@ 2.25 variant without the mitigation patch against ``@uref{https://www.qualys.com/2017/06/19/stack-clash/stack-clash.txt,Stack Clash}'', one can check whether user profiles refer to it at all:" msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6039 #, no-wrap msgid "guix gc --referrers /gnu/store/…-glibc-2.25\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6043 msgid "This will report whether profiles exist that refer to this specific glibc variant." msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6047 #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "Environment management" msgid "system management" msgstr "Gestión del entorno" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6048 #, no-wrap msgid "sysadmin" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6054 msgid "Since Guix does not handle packaging, system configuration and services the way other (more ``classical'') distributions do, some workflows tend to unfold slightly different as we are used to and need slight adjustment. This chapter intends to help with such manners." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6066 msgid "With the deprecation of the default value for the postgres package in postgresql-configuration (see b93434e656eba4260df82158a96c295000d3ff44), system upgrades need some manual action before they can take place. Here's a handy guide on how to." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6072 msgid "Please note that this is a straight-forward way for smaller datasets. For larger databases @url{https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgupgrade.html, @code{pg_upgrade}} may be the better choice. Handling the service and system upgrade as described in this guide still applies, though." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6076 msgid "Stop and disable cuirass." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6078 msgid "Prevent the service from starting and failing after a reconfiguration:" msgstr "" #. type: code{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6080 msgid "sudo herd stop cuirass && sudo herd disable cuirass" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6083 msgid "Dump the database contents." msgstr "" #. type: code{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6085 msgid "sudo su - postgres -s /bin/sh -c pg_dumpall > /tmp/pg.dump" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6088 msgid "Add or alter the postgres service." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6094 msgid "Depending on whether your postgres service is defined implicitly (through the dependency from the cuirass service) or its own entry in your operating system's @code{(services)} property, you need to either add or alter the already existing configuration to reflect your intended version upgrade." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6098 msgid "Be careful not to upgrade directly to postgres-16 -- cuirass service for some reason doesn't like that. I had to find and purge the relevant files and then re-initialize after a failed upgrade to postgres 16." msgstr "" #. type: lisp #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6103 #, no-wrap msgid "" "(service postgresql-service-type\n" " (postgresql-configuration\n" " (postgresql (@@ (gnu packages databases) postgresql-15))))\n" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6108 msgid "Note: If you for some reason didn't read the text here but somewhat blindly followed the examples and @emph{did upgrade to 16}, here's how you reset the state:" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6112 msgid "Delete the database instance files." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6114 msgid "They default to live under @file{/var/lib/postgres/data}." msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6117 msgid "Re-initialize postgres." msgstr "" #. type: code{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6120 msgid "sudo su - postgres -s /bin/sh -c 'pg_ctl init -D /var/lib/postgres/data'" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6124 msgid "Reconfigure your system." msgstr "" #. type: code{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6126 msgid "sudo guix system reconfigure path/to/your/altered/config.scm" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6129 msgid "Restore database contents." msgstr "" #. type: code{#1} #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6131 msgid "sudo su - postgres -s /bin/sh -c 'psql -d postgres -f /tmp/pg.dump'" msgstr "" #. type: enumerate #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6134 msgid "Enable and start the service." msgstr "" #. type: example #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6138 #, no-wrap msgid "" "sudo herd enable cuirass\n" "sudo herd start cuirass\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6154 msgid "Guix is based on the @uref{https://nixos.org/nix/, Nix package manager}, which was designed and implemented by Eelco Dolstra, with contributions from other people (see the @file{nix/AUTHORS} file in Guix.) Nix pioneered functional package management, and promoted unprecedented features, such as transactional package upgrades and rollbacks, per-user profiles, and referentially transparent build processes. Without this work, Guix would not exist." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6157 msgid "The Nix-based software distributions, Nixpkgs and NixOS, have also been an inspiration for Guix." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6163 msgid "GNU@tie{}Guix itself is a collective work with contributions from a number of people. See the @file{AUTHORS} file in Guix for more information on these fine people. The @file{THANKS} file lists people who have helped by reporting bugs, taking care of the infrastructure, providing artwork and themes, making suggestions, and more---thank you!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6168 msgid "This document includes adapted sections from articles that have previously been published on the Guix blog at @uref{https://guix.gnu.org/blog} and on the Guix-HPC blog at @uref{https://hpc.guix.info/blog}." msgstr "" #. type: cindex #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6173 #, no-wrap msgid "license, GNU Free Documentation License" msgstr "" #. type: include #: guix-git/doc/guix-cookbook.texi:6174 #, no-wrap msgid "fdl-1.3.texi" msgstr "fdl-1.3.texi" #~ msgid "Learn the basics of Scheme" #~ msgstr "Aprenda los fundamentos de Scheme" #~ msgid "Let's add a package to Guix!" #~ msgstr "¡Añadamos un paquete a Guix!"