aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/guix/scripts/system.scm
blob: 6a2586086ef3aa6711714fcff1b5d6f0e6d41395 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
;;; Copyright © 2014 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
;;;
;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
;;; your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with GNU Guix.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

(define-module (guix scripts system)
  #:use-module (guix config)
  #:use-module (guix ui)
  #:use-module (guix store)
  #:use-module (guix gexp)
  #:use-module (guix derivations)
  #:use-module (guix packages)
  #:use-module (guix utils)
  #:use-module (guix monads)
  #:use-module (guix profiles)
  #:use-module (guix scripts build)
  #:use-module (guix build utils)
  #:use-module (gnu build install)
  #:use-module (gnu system)
  #:use-module (gnu system vm)
  #:use-module (gnu system grub)
  #:use-module (gnu packages grub)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-19)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-37)
  #:use-module (ice-9 match)
  #:export (guix-system
            read-operating-system))


;;;
;;; Operating system declaration.
;;;

(define %user-module
  ;; Module in which the machine description file is loaded.
  (let ((module (make-fresh-user-module)))
    (for-each (lambda (iface)
                (module-use! module (resolve-interface iface)))
              '((gnu system)
                (gnu services)
                (gnu system shadow)))
    module))

(define (read-operating-system file)
  "Read the operating-system declaration from FILE and return it."
  ;; TODO: Factorize.
  (catch #t
    (lambda ()
      ;; Avoid ABI incompatibility with the <operating-system> record.
      (set! %fresh-auto-compile #t)

      (save-module-excursion
       (lambda ()
         (set-current-module %user-module)
         (primitive-load file))))
    (lambda args
      (match args
        (('system-error . _)
         (let ((err (system-error-errno args)))
           (leave (_ "failed to open operating system file '~a': ~a~%")
                  file (strerror err))))
        (('syntax-error proc message properties form . rest)
         (let ((loc (source-properties->location properties)))
           (leave (_ "~a: ~a~%")
                  (location->string loc) message)))
        (_
         (leave (_ "failed to load operating system file '~a': ~s~%")
                file args))))))


;;;
;;; Installation.
;;;

;; TODO: Factorize.
(define references*
  (store-lift references))
(define topologically-sorted*
  (store-lift topologically-sorted))
(define show-what-to-build*
  (store-lift show-what-to-build))


(define* (copy-item item target
                    #:key (log-port (current-error-port)))
  "Copy ITEM to the store under root directory TARGET and register it."
  (mlet* %store-monad ((refs (references* item)))
    (let ((dest  (string-append target item))
          (state (string-append target "/var/guix")))
      (format log-port "copying '~a'...~%" item)
      (copy-recursively item dest
                        #:log (%make-void-port "w"))

      ;; Register ITEM; as a side-effect, it resets timestamps, etc.
      ;; Explicitly use "TARGET/var/guix" as the state directory, to avoid
      ;; reproducing the user's current settings; see
      ;; <http://bugs.gnu.org/18049>.
      (unless (register-path item
                             #:prefix target
                             #:state-directory state
                             #:references refs)
        (leave (_ "failed to register '~a' under '~a'~%")
               item target))

      (return #t))))

(define* (copy-closure item target
                       #:key (log-port (current-error-port)))
  "Copy ITEM and all its dependencies to the store under root directory
TARGET, and register them."
  (mlet* %store-monad ((refs    (references* item))
                       (to-copy (topologically-sorted*
                                 (delete-duplicates (cons item refs)
                                                    string=?))))
    (sequence %store-monad
              (map (cut copy-item <> target #:log-port log-port)
                   to-copy))))

(define (install-grub* grub.cfg device target)
  "This is a variant of 'install-grub' with error handling, lifted in
%STORE-MONAD"
  (let ((add-root (store-lift add-indirect-root)))
    (mbegin %store-monad
      (munless (false-if-exception (install-grub grub.cfg device target))
        (leave (_ "failed to install GRUB on device '~a'~%") device))

      ;; Register GRUB.CFG as a GC root so that its dependencies (background
      ;; image, font, etc.) are not reclaimed.
      (add-root "/boot/grub/grub.cfg"))))

(define* (install os-drv target
                  #:key (log-port (current-output-port))
                  grub? grub.cfg device)
  "Copy the output of OS-DRV and its dependencies to directory TARGET.  TARGET
must be an absolute directory name since that's what 'guix-register' expects.

When GRUB? is true, install GRUB on DEVICE, using GRUB.CFG."
  (define (maybe-copy to-copy)
    (with-monad %store-monad
      (if (string=? target "/")
          (begin
            (warning (_ "initializing the current root file system~%"))
            (return #t))
          (begin
            ;; Make sure the target store exists.
            (mkdir-p (string-append target (%store-prefix)))

            ;; Copy items to the new store.
            (copy-closure to-copy target #:log-port log-port)))))

  (let ((os-dir   (derivation->output-path os-drv))
        (format   (lift format %store-monad))
        (populate (lift2 populate-root-file-system %store-monad)))

    (mbegin %store-monad
      (maybe-copy os-dir)

      ;; Create a bunch of additional files.
      (format log-port "populating '~a'...~%" target)
      (populate os-dir target)

      (mwhen grub?
        (install-grub* grub.cfg device target)))))


;;;
;;; Reconfiguration.
;;;

(define %system-profile
  ;; The system profile.
  (string-append %state-directory "/profiles/system"))

(define-syntax-rule (save-environment-excursion body ...)
  "Save the current environment variables, run BODY..., and restore them."
  (let ((env (environ)))
    (dynamic-wind
      (const #t)
      (lambda ()
        body ...)
      (lambda ()
        (environ env)))))

(define* (switch-to-system os
                           #:optional (profile %system-profile))
  "Make a new generation of PROFILE pointing to the directory of OS, switch to
it atomically, and then run OS's activation script."
  (mlet* %store-monad ((drv    (operating-system-derivation os))
                       (script (operating-system-activation-script os)))
    (let* ((system     (derivation->output-path drv))
           (number     (+ 1 (generation-number profile)))
           (generation (generation-file-name profile number)))
      (symlink system generation)
      (switch-symlinks profile generation)

      (format #t (_ "activating system...~%"))

      ;; The activation script may change $PATH, among others, so protect
      ;; against that.
      (return (save-environment-excursion
               ;; Tell 'activate-current-system' what the new system is.
               (setenv "GUIX_NEW_SYSTEM" system)

               (primitive-load (derivation->output-path script))))

      ;; TODO: Run 'deco reload ...'.
      )))

(define-syntax-rule (unless-file-not-found exp)
  (catch 'system-error
    (lambda ()
      exp)
    (lambda args
      (if (= ENOENT (system-error-errno args))
          #f
          (apply throw args)))))

(define (seconds->string seconds)
  "Return a string representing the date for SECONDS."
  (let ((time (make-time time-utc 0 seconds)))
    (date->string (time-utc->date time)
                  "~Y-~m-~d ~H:~M")))

(define* (previous-grub-entries #:optional (profile %system-profile))
  "Return a list of 'menu-entry' for the generations of PROFILE."
  (define (system->grub-entry system number time)
    (unless-file-not-found
     (call-with-input-file (string-append system "/parameters")
       (lambda (port)
         (match (read port)
           (('boot-parameters ('version 0)
                              ('label label) ('root-device root)
                              ('kernel linux)
                              _ ...)
            (menu-entry
             (label (string-append label " (#"
                                   (number->string number) ", "
                                   (seconds->string time) ")"))
             (linux linux)
             (linux-arguments
              (list (string-append "--root=" root)
                    #~(string-append "--system=" #$system)
                    #~(string-append "--load=" #$system "/boot")))
             (initrd #~(string-append #$system "/initrd"))))
           (_                                     ;unsupported format
            (warning (_ "unrecognized boot parameters for '~a'~%")
                     system)
            #f))))))

  (let* ((numbers (generation-numbers profile))
         (systems (map (cut generation-file-name profile <>)
                       numbers))
         (times   (map (lambda (system)
                         (unless-file-not-found
                          (stat:mtime (lstat system))))
                       systems)))
    (filter-map system->grub-entry systems numbers times)))


;;;
;;; Action.
;;;

(define* (system-derivation-for-action os action
                                       #:key image-size full-boot? mappings)
  "Return as a monadic value the derivation for OS according to ACTION."
  (case action
    ((build init reconfigure)
     (operating-system-derivation os))
    ((vm-image)
     (system-qemu-image os #:disk-image-size image-size))
    ((vm)
     (system-qemu-image/shared-store-script os
                                            #:full-boot? full-boot?
                                            #:disk-image-size image-size
                                            #:mappings mappings))
    ((disk-image)
     (system-disk-image os #:disk-image-size image-size))))

(define (grub.cfg os)
  "Return the GRUB configuration file for OS."
  (operating-system-grub.cfg os (previous-grub-entries)))

(define* (maybe-build drvs
                      #:key dry-run? use-substitutes?)
  "Show what will/would be built, and actually build DRVS, unless DRY-RUN? is
true."
  (with-monad %store-monad
    (>>= (show-what-to-build* drvs
                              #:dry-run? dry-run?
                              #:use-substitutes? use-substitutes?)
         (lambda (_)
           (if dry-run?
               (return #f)
               (built-derivations drvs))))))

(define* (perform-action action os
                         #:key grub? dry-run?
                         use-substitutes? device target
                         image-size full-boot?
                         (mappings '()))
  "Perform ACTION for OS.  GRUB? specifies whether to install GRUB; DEVICE is
the target devices for GRUB; TARGET is the target root directory; IMAGE-SIZE
is the size of the image to be built, for the 'vm-image' and 'disk-image'
actions.  FULL-BOOT? is used for the 'vm' action; it determines whether to
boot directly to the kernel or to the bootloader."
  (mlet* %store-monad
      ((sys       (system-derivation-for-action os action
                                                #:image-size image-size
                                                #:full-boot? full-boot?
                                                #:mappings mappings))
       (grub      (package->derivation grub))
       (grub.cfg  (grub.cfg os))
       (drvs   -> (if (and grub? (memq action '(init reconfigure)))
                      (list sys grub grub.cfg)
                      (list sys)))
       (%         (maybe-build drvs #:dry-run? dry-run?
                               #:use-substitutes? use-substitutes?)))

    (if dry-run?
        (return #f)
        (begin
          (for-each (cut format #t "~a~%" <>)
                    (map derivation->output-path drvs))

          ;; Make sure GRUB is accessible.
          (when grub?
            (let ((prefix (derivation->output-path grub)))
              (setenv "PATH"
                      (string-append  prefix "/bin:" prefix "/sbin:"
                                      (getenv "PATH")))))

          (case action
            ((reconfigure)
             (mbegin %store-monad
               (switch-to-system os)
               (mwhen grub?
                 (install-grub* (derivation->output-path grub.cfg)
                                device "/"))))
            ((init)
             (newline)
             (format #t (_ "initializing operating system under '~a'...~%")
                     target)
             (install sys (canonicalize-path target)
                      #:grub? grub?
                      #:grub.cfg (derivation->output-path grub.cfg)
                      #:device device))
            (else
             ;; All we had to do was to build SYS.
             (return (derivation->output-path sys))))))))


;;;
;;; Options.
;;;

(define (show-help)
  (display (_ "Usage: guix system [OPTION] ACTION FILE
Build the operating system declared in FILE according to ACTION.\n"))
  (newline)
  (display (_ "The valid values for ACTION are:\n"))
  (display (_ "\
  - 'reconfigure', switch to a new operating system configuration\n"))
  (display (_ "\
  - 'build', build the operating system without installing anything\n"))
  (display (_ "\
  - 'vm', build a virtual machine image that shares the host's store\n"))
  (display (_ "\
  - 'vm-image', build a freestanding virtual machine image\n"))
  (display (_ "\
  - 'disk-image', build a disk image, suitable for a USB stick\n"))
  (display (_ "\
  - 'init', initialize a root file system to run GNU.\n"))

  (show-build-options-help)
  (display (_ "
      --image-size=SIZE  for 'vm-image', produce an image of SIZE"))
  (display (_ "
      --no-grub          for 'init', do not install GRUB"))
  (display (_ "
      --share=SPEC       for 'vm', share host file system according to SPEC"))
  (display (_ "
      --expose=SPEC      for 'vm', expose host file system according to SPEC"))
  (display (_ "
      --full-boot        for 'vm', make a full boot sequence"))
  (newline)
  (display (_ "
  -h, --help             display this help and exit"))
  (display (_ "
  -V, --version          display version information and exit"))
  (newline)
  (show-bug-report-information))

(define (specification->file-system-mapping spec writable?)
  "Read the SPEC and return the corresponding <file-system-mapping>."
  (let ((index (string-index spec #\=)))
    (if index
        (file-system-mapping
         (source (substring spec 0 index))
         (target (substring spec (+ 1 index)))
         (writable? writable?))
        (file-system-mapping
         (source spec)
         (target spec)
         (writable? writable?)))))

(define %options
  ;; Specifications of the command-line options.
  (cons* (option '(#\h "help") #f #f
                 (lambda args
                   (show-help)
                   (exit 0)))
         (option '(#\V "version") #f #f
                 (lambda args
                   (show-version-and-exit "guix system")))
         (option '("image-size") #t #f
                 (lambda (opt name arg result)
                   (alist-cons 'image-size (size->number arg)
                               result)))
         (option '("no-grub") #f #f
                 (lambda (opt name arg result)
                   (alist-delete 'install-grub? result)))
         (option '("full-boot") #f #f
                 (lambda (opt name arg result)
                   (alist-cons 'full-boot? #t result)))

         (option '("share") #t #f
                 (lambda (opt name arg result)
                   (alist-cons 'file-system-mapping
                               (specification->file-system-mapping arg #t)
                               result)))
         (option '("expose") #t #f
                 (lambda (opt name arg result)
                   (alist-cons 'file-system-mapping
                               (specification->file-system-mapping arg #f)
                               result)))

         (option '(#\n "dry-run") #f #f
                 (lambda (opt name arg result)
                   (alist-cons 'dry-run? #t result)))
         (option '(#\s "system") #t #f
                 (lambda (opt name arg result)
                   (alist-cons 'system arg
                               (alist-delete 'system result eq?))))
         %standard-build-options))

(define %default-options
  ;; Alist of default option values.
  `((system . ,(%current-system))
    (substitutes? . #t)
    (build-hook? . #t)
    (max-silent-time . 3600)
    (verbosity . 0)
    (image-size . ,(* 900 (expt 2 20)))
    (install-grub? . #t)))


;;;
;;; Entry point.
;;;

(define (guix-system . args)
  (define (parse-options)
    ;; Return the alist of option values.
    (append (parse-options-from args)
            (parse-options-from (environment-build-options))))

  (define (parse-options-from args)
    ;; Actual parsing takes place here.
    (args-fold* args %options
                (lambda (opt name arg result)
                  (leave (_ "~A: unrecognized option~%") name))
                (lambda (arg result)
                  (if (assoc-ref result 'action)
                      (alist-cons 'argument arg result)
                      (let ((action (string->symbol arg)))
                        (case action
                          ((build vm vm-image disk-image reconfigure init)
                           (alist-cons 'action action result))
                          (else (leave (_ "~a: unknown action~%")
                                       action))))))
                %default-options))

  (define (match-pair car)
    ;; Return a procedure that matches a pair with CAR.
    (match-lambda
     ((head . tail)
      (and (eq? car head) tail))
     (_ #f)))

  (define (option-arguments opts)
    ;; Extract the plain arguments from OPTS.
    (let* ((args   (reverse (filter-map (match-pair 'argument) opts)))
           (count  (length args))
           (action (assoc-ref opts 'action)))
      (define (fail)
        (leave (_ "wrong number of arguments for action '~a'~%")
               action))

      (case action
        ((build vm vm-image disk-image reconfigure)
         (unless (= count 1)
           (fail)))
        ((init)
         (unless (= count 2)
           (fail))))
      args))

  (with-error-handling
    (let* ((opts     (parse-options))
           (args     (option-arguments opts))
           (file     (first args))
           (action   (assoc-ref opts 'action))
           (system   (assoc-ref opts 'system))
           (os       (if file
                         (read-operating-system file)
                         (leave (_ "no configuration file specified~%"))))

           (dry?     (assoc-ref opts 'dry-run?))
           (grub?    (assoc-ref opts 'install-grub?))
           (target   (match args
                       ((first second) second)
                       (_ #f)))
           (device   (and grub?
                          (grub-configuration-device
                           (operating-system-bootloader os))))

           (store    (open-connection)))
      (set-build-options-from-command-line store opts)

      (run-with-store store
        (perform-action action os
                        #:dry-run? dry?
                        #:use-substitutes? (assoc-ref opts 'substitutes?)
                        #:image-size (assoc-ref opts 'image-size)
                        #:full-boot? (assoc-ref opts 'full-boot?)
                        #:mappings (filter-map (match-lambda
                                                (('file-system-mapping . m)
                                                 m)
                                                (_ #f))
                                               opts)
                        #:grub? grub?
                        #:target target #:device device)
        #:system system))))

;;; system.scm ends here