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;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
;;; Copyright © 2017 Ricardo Wurmus <rekado@elephly.net>
;;; Copyright © 2017, 2018, 2019 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
;;; Copyright © 2018 Chris Marusich <cmmarusich@gmail.com>
;;;
;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
;;; your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with GNU Guix. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
(define-module (guix docker)
#:use-module (gcrypt hash)
#:use-module (guix base16)
#:use-module ((guix build utils)
#:select (mkdir-p
delete-file-recursively
with-directory-excursion
invoke))
#:use-module (gnu build install)
#:use-module (json) ;guile-json
#:use-module (srfi srfi-19)
#:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
#:use-module ((texinfo string-utils)
#:select (escape-special-chars))
#:use-module (rnrs bytevectors)
#:use-module (ice-9 match)
#:export (build-docker-image))
;; Generate a 256-bit identifier in hexadecimal encoding for the Docker image.
(define docker-id
(compose bytevector->base16-string sha256 string->utf8))
(define (layer-diff-id layer)
"Generate a layer DiffID for the given LAYER archive."
(string-append "sha256:" (bytevector->base16-string (file-sha256 layer))))
;; This is the semantic version of the JSON metadata schema according to
;; https://github.com/docker/docker/blob/master/image/spec/v1.2.md
;; It is NOT the version of the image specification.
(define schema-version "1.0")
(define (image-description id time)
"Generate a simple image description."
`((id . ,id)
(created . ,time)
(container_config . #nil)))
(define (generate-tag path)
"Generate an image tag for the given PATH."
(match (string-split (basename path) #\-)
((hash name . rest) (string-append name ":" hash))))
(define (manifest path id)
"Generate a simple image manifest."
`(((Config . "config.json")
(RepoTags . (,(generate-tag path)))
(Layers . (,(string-append id "/layer.tar"))))))
;; According to the specifications this is required for backwards
;; compatibility. It duplicates information provided by the manifest.
(define (repositories path id)
"Generate a repositories file referencing PATH and the image ID."
`((,(generate-tag path) . ((latest . ,id)))))
;; See https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/master/config.md
(define* (config layer time arch #:key entry-point (environment '()))
"Generate a minimal image configuration for the given LAYER file."
;; "architecture" must be values matching "platform.arch" in the
;; runtime-spec at
;; https://github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec/blob/v1.0.0-rc2/config.md#platform
`((architecture . ,arch)
(comment . "Generated by GNU Guix")
(created . ,time)
(config . ,`((env . ,(map (match-lambda
((name . value)
(string-append name "=" value)))
environment))
,@(if entry-point
`((entrypoint . ,entry-point))
'())))
(container_config . #nil)
(os . "linux")
(rootfs . ((type . "layers")
(diff_ids . (,(layer-diff-id layer)))))))
(define %tar-determinism-options
;; GNU tar options to produce archives deterministically.
'("--sort=name" "--mtime=@1"
"--owner=root:0" "--group=root:0"))
(define symlink-source
(match-lambda
((source '-> target)
(string-trim source #\/))))
(define (topmost-component file)
"Return the topmost component of FILE. For instance, if FILE is \"/a/b/c\",
return \"a\"."
(match (string-tokenize file (char-set-complement (char-set #\/)))
((first rest ...)
first)))
(define* (build-docker-image image paths prefix
#:key
(symlinks '())
(transformations '())
(system (utsname:machine (uname)))
database
entry-point
(environment '())
compressor
(creation-time (current-time time-utc)))
"Write to IMAGE a Docker image archive containing the given PATHS. PREFIX
must be a store path that is a prefix of any store paths in PATHS.
When DATABASE is true, copy it to /var/guix/db in the image and create
/var/guix/gcroots and friends.
When ENTRY-POINT is true, it must be a list of strings; it is stored as the
entry point in the Docker image JSON structure.
ENVIRONMENT must be a list of name/value pairs. It specifies the environment
variables that must be defined in the resulting image.
SYMLINKS must be a list of (SOURCE -> TARGET) tuples describing symlinks to be
created in the image, where each TARGET is relative to PREFIX.
TRANSFORMATIONS must be a list of (OLD -> NEW) tuples describing how to
transform the PATHS. Any path in PATHS that begins with OLD will be rewritten
in the Docker image so that it begins with NEW instead. If a path is a
non-empty directory, then its contents will be recursively added, as well.
SYSTEM is a GNU triplet (or prefix thereof) of the system the binaries in
PATHS are for; it is used to produce metadata in the image. Use COMPRESSOR, a
command such as '(\"gzip\" \"-9n\"), to compress IMAGE. Use CREATION-TIME, a
SRFI-19 time-utc object, as the creation time in metadata."
(define (sanitize path-fragment)
(escape-special-chars
;; GNU tar strips the leading slash off of absolute paths before applying
;; the transformations, so we need to do the same, or else our
;; replacements won't match any paths.
(string-trim path-fragment #\/)
;; Escape the basic regexp special characters (see: "(sed) BRE syntax").
;; We also need to escape "/" because we use it as a delimiter.
"/*.^$[]\\"
#\\))
(define transformation->replacement
(match-lambda
((old '-> new)
;; See "(tar) transform" for details on the expression syntax.
(string-append "s/^" (sanitize old) "/" (sanitize new) "/"))))
(define (transformations->expression transformations)
(let ((replacements (map transformation->replacement transformations)))
(string-append
;; Avoid transforming link targets, since that would break some links
;; (e.g., symlinks that point to an absolute store path).
"flags=rSH;"
(string-join replacements ";")
;; Some paths might still have a leading path delimiter even after tar
;; transforms them (e.g., "/a/b" might be transformed into "/b"), so
;; strip any leading path delimiters that remain.
";s,^//*,,")))
(define transformation-options
(if (eq? '() transformations)
'()
`("--transform" ,(transformations->expression transformations))))
(let* ((directory "/tmp/docker-image") ;temporary working directory
(id (docker-id prefix))
(time (date->string (time-utc->date creation-time) "~4"))
(arch (let-syntax ((cond* (syntax-rules ()
((_ (pattern clause) ...)
(cond ((string-prefix? pattern system)
clause)
...
(else
(error "unsupported system"
system)))))))
(cond* ("x86_64" "amd64")
("i686" "386")
("arm" "arm")
("mips64" "mips64le")))))
;; Make sure we start with a fresh, empty working directory.
(mkdir directory)
(with-directory-excursion directory
(mkdir id)
(with-directory-excursion id
(with-output-to-file "VERSION"
(lambda () (display schema-version)))
(with-output-to-file "json"
(lambda () (scm->json (image-description id time))))
;; Create SYMLINKS.
(for-each (match-lambda
((source '-> target)
(let ((source (string-trim source #\/)))
(mkdir-p (dirname source))
(symlink (string-append prefix "/" target)
source))))
symlinks)
(when database
;; Initialize /var/guix, assuming PREFIX points to a profile.
(install-database-and-gc-roots "." database prefix))
(apply invoke "tar" "-cf" "layer.tar"
`(,@transformation-options
,@%tar-determinism-options
,@paths
,@(if database '("var") '())
,@(map symlink-source symlinks)))
;; It is possible for "/" to show up in the archive, especially when
;; applying transformations. For example, the transformation
;; "s,^/a,," will (perhaps surprisingly) cause GNU tar to transform
;; the path "/a" into "/". The presence of "/" in the archive is
;; probably benign, but it is definitely safe to remove it, so let's
;; do that. This fails when "/" is not in the archive, so use system*
;; instead of invoke to avoid an exception in that case, and redirect
;; stderr to the bit bucket to avoid "Exiting with failure status"
;; error messages.
(with-error-to-port (%make-void-port "w")
(lambda ()
(system* "tar" "--delete" "/" "-f" "layer.tar")))
(for-each delete-file-recursively
(map (compose topmost-component symlink-source)
symlinks))
;; Delete /var/guix.
(when database
(delete-file-recursively "var")))
(with-output-to-file "config.json"
(lambda ()
(scm->json (config (string-append id "/layer.tar")
time arch
#:environment environment
#:entry-point entry-point))))
(with-output-to-file "manifest.json"
(lambda ()
(scm->json (manifest prefix id))))
(with-output-to-file "repositories"
(lambda ()
(scm->json (repositories prefix id)))))
(apply invoke "tar" "-cf" image "-C" directory
`(,@%tar-determinism-options
,@(if compressor
(list "-I" (string-join compressor))
'())
"."))
(delete-file-recursively directory)))
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